Background
Method
Sample selection
Measures
Statistical analyses
Results
Current daily smokers | YIS 2006 sample | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
(n = 269)
|
(n = 3161)
| |||
n
|
%*
|
n
|
%*
| |
Age
| ||||
13 yrs | 2 | 0.7 | 24 | 0.8 |
14 yrs | 166 | 61.7 | 2035 | 64.3 |
15 yrs | 96 | 35.7 | 1069 | 33.8 |
16 yrs | 4 | 1.5 | 24 | 0.8 |
17 yrs | 1 | 0.4 | 5 | 0.2 |
≥ 18 yrs | 0 | 0 | 4 | 0.1 |
Sex
| ||||
Female | 168 | 62.5 | 1606 | 50.8 |
Male | 101 | 37.5 | 1555 | 49.2 |
Ethnicity
| ||||
NZ European | 90 | 33.5 | 1724 | 54.6 |
Māori | 134 | 49.8 | 654 | 20.7 |
Pacific Island | 25 | 9.3 | 271 | 8.6 |
Asian | 3 | 1.1 | 294 | 9.3 |
Other | 17 | 6.3 | 218 | 6.8 |
School decile
| ||||
low | 114 | 34.5 | 849 | 26.9 |
mid | 108 | 41.4 | 1198 | 37.9 |
high | 47 | 24.1 | 1114 | 35.2 |
Current daily smokers | YLS 2006 sample | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
N
|
%*
|
n
|
%*
| |
Parental monitoring scores
| ||||
0 | 25 | 10.6 | 219 | 7.1 |
1 | 61 | 23.7 | 375 | 12.1 |
2 | 72 | 27.0 | 696 | 22.5 |
3 | 72 | 31.1 | 931 | 30.2 |
4 | 27 | 7.6 | 867 | 28.1 |
Gone to a place of worship
| ||||
Not in past month | 97 | 77.4 | 1865 | 65.0 |
1-3 times | 110 | 8.7 | 453 | 15.6 |
4 or more times | 40 | 14.0 | 565 | 19.4 |
Watched sports game or event
| ||||
Not in past month | 68 | 35.5 | 1036 | 34.9 |
1-3 times | 97 | 38.0 | 1165 | 39.0 |
4 or more times | 73 | 26.5 | 774 | 26.0 |
Played team sports
| ||||
Not in past month | 130 | 57.1 | 1180 | 40.5 |
1-3 times | 33 | 14.1 | 489 | 16.5 |
4 or more times | 75 | 28.8 | 1290 | 43.0 |
Done voluntary work
| ||||
Not in past month | 196 | 88.0 | 2480 | 90.2 |
1-3 times | 7 | 3.7 | 163 | 5.9 |
4 or more times | 18 | 8.3 | 108 | 3.9 |
Gone to the movies
| ||||
Not in past month | 97 | 40.3 | 1249 | 41.7 |
1-3 times | 110 | 42.8 | 1508 | 50.2 |
4 or more times | 40 | 16.9 | 232 | 8.1 |
Gone to a skate park
| ||||
Not in past month | 118 | 54.0 | 2152 | 73.9 |
1-3 times | 64 | 25.6 | 524 | 18.3 |
4 or more times | 54 | 20.4 | 221 | 7.8 |
Gone to a music event/concert
| ||||
Not in past month | 147 | 60.1 | 2099 | 73.0 |
1-3 times | 81 | 35.1 | 724 | 24.6 |
4 or more times | 11 | 4.8 | 68 | 2.4 |
Gone to a music shop
| ||||
No visits | 98 | 39.4 | 1439 | 49.5 |
1-3 times | 97 | 41.5 | 1131 | 38.4 |
4 or more times | 44 | 19.1 | 356 | 12.1 |
Males | Females | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Unadjusted
|
Overall
|
Adjusted
1
|
Overall
|
Unadjusted
|
Overall
|
Adjusted
1
|
Overall
| |
OR (95% CI)
|
p-value
|
OR (95% CI)
|
p-value
|
OR (95% CI)
|
p-value
|
OR (95% CI)
|
p-value
| |
Parental monitoring score
| < 0.001 | 0.003 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | ||||
0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | ||||
1 | 0.70 (0.60, 0.82) | 0.77 (0.65, 0.92) | 0.65 (0.57, 0.75) | 0.73 (0.62, 0.86) | ||||
2 | 0.50 (0.37, 0.67) | 0.60 (0.42, 0.84) | 0.43 (0.33, 0.56) | 0.53 (0.38, 0.73) | ||||
3 | 0.35 (0.22, 0.55) | 0.46 (0.28, 0.77) | 0.28 (0.19, 0.42) | 0.38 (0.24, 0.63) | ||||
4 | 0.25 (0.13, 0.46) | 0.36 (0.18, 0.71) | 0.18 (0.11, 0.31) | 0.28 (0.15, 0.53) | ||||
Gone to a place of worship
| 0.240 | N/A | 0.037 | 0.212 | ||||
No visits | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | |||||
1-3 visits | 0.44 (0.17, 1.17) | 0.65 (0.38, 1.10) | 0.77 (0.43, 1.39) | |||||
4 or more visits | 1.02 (0.51, 2.03) | 0.50 (0.27, 0.92) | 0.55 (0.27, 1.13) | |||||
Watched sports game or event
| 0.534 | N/A | 0.081 | 0.431 | ||||
No visits | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | |||||
1-3 visits | 0.78 (0.44, 1.38) | 1.86 (1.08, 3.21) | 1.48 (0.82, 2.68) | |||||
4 or more visits | 1.12 (0.57, 2.19) | 1.50 (0.86, 2.60) | 1.30 (0.69, 2.44) | |||||
Played team sports
| 0.068 | 0.096 | < 0.001 | 0.002 | ||||
No visits | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | ||||
1-3 visits | 0.54 (0.24, 1.20) | 0.63 (0.26, 1.55) | 0.64 (0.38, 1.16) | 0.51 (0.27, 0.97) | ||||
4 or more visits | 0.52 (0.28, 0.96) | 0.46 (0.23, 0.93) | 0.42 (0.27, 0.63) | 0.40 (0.24, 0.67) | ||||
Done voluntary work
| 0.003 | 0.020 | 0.622 | N/A | ||||
No visits | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | |||||
1-3 visits | 0.28 (0.04, 1.86) | 0.22 (0.03, 1.92) | 0.68 (0.27, 1.69) | |||||
4 or more visits | 4.02 (1.75, 9.24) | 3.51 (1.26, 9.32) | 1.23 (0.53, 2.82) | |||||
Gone to the movies
| < 0.001 | 0.260 | 0.004 | 0.184 | ||||
No visits | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | ||||
1-3 visits | 0.99 (0.58, 1.68) | 0.94 (0.54, 1.64) | 0.84 (0.54, 1.31) | 0.97 (0.62, 1.54) | ||||
4 or more visits | 3.72 (1.87, 7.40) | 1.83 (0.80, 4.17) | 2.39 (1.26, 4.54) | 2.24 (0.91, 5.50) | ||||
Gone to a skate park
| < 0.001 | 0.027 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | ||||
No visits | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | ||||
1-3 visits | 1.52 (0.73, 3.17) | 1.14 (0.54, 2.39) | 2.96 (1.98, 4.43) | 1.95 (1.21, 3.15) | ||||
4 or more visits | 4.24 (1.95, 7.90) | 2.61 (1.28, 5.32) | 9.45 (4.96, 18.01) | 5.13 (2.49, 10.57) | ||||
Gone to a music event/concert
| 0.001 | 0.092 | 0.010 | 0.135 | ||||
No visits | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | ||||
1-3 visits | 2.46 (1.54, 3.91) | 1.78 (1.10, 2.98) | 1.17 (0.77, 1.78) | 0.93 (0.58, 1.49) | ||||
4 or more visits | 2.11 (0.52, 8.58) | 1.86 (0.13, 6.56) | 3.41 (1.56, 7.45) | 2.56 (0.97, 6.81) | ||||
Gone to a music shop
| 0.089 | 0.520 | 0.062 | 0.949 | ||||
No visits | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | ||||
1-3 visits | 1.21 (0.65, 2.24) | 1.21 (0.63, 2.33) | 1.09 (0.73, 1.65) | 1.01 (0.63, 1.64) | ||||
4 or more visits | 2.40 (1.18, 4.90) | 1.64 (0.70, 3.81) | 1.81 (1.09, 3.02) | 0.91 (0.46, 1.83) |
Māori | Non-Māori | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Unadjusted
|
Overall
|
Adjusted
1
|
Overall
|
Unadjusted
|
Overall
|
Adjusted
1
|
Overall
| |
OR (95% CI)
|
p-value
|
OR (95% CI)
|
p-value
|
OR (95% CI)
|
p-value
|
OR (95% CI)
|
p-value
| |
Parental monitoring scores
| 0.008 | 0.030 | < 0.001 | |||||
0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | ||||
1 | 0.81 (0.70, 0.95) | 0.82 (0.65, 0.92) | 0.53 (0.33, 0.85) | 0.51 (0.44, 0.60) | ||||
2 | 0.66 (0.49, 0.90) | 0.67 (0.47, 0.96) | 0.28 (0.11, 0.73) | 0.26 (0.20, 0.35) | ||||
3 | 0.54 (0.34, 0.85) | 0.55 (0.33, 0.94) | 0.15 (0.04, 0.62) | 0.14 (0.09, 0.21) | ||||
4 | 0.44 (0.24, 0.81) | 0.46 (0.22, 0.93) | 0.08 (0.01, 0.53) | 0.07 (0.04, 0.13) | ||||
Gone to a place of worship
| 0.341 | N/A | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | ||||
No visits | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | |||||
1-3 visits | 0.73 (0.37, 1.44) | 0.11 (0.05, 0.22) | 0.22 (0.08, 0.61) | |||||
4 or more visits | 0.65 (0.32, 1.31) | 0.17 (0.09, 0.32) | 0.30 (0.15, 0.60) | |||||
Watched sports game or event
| 0.211 | N/A | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | ||||
Not in past month | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | |||||
1-3 times | 1.57 (0.82, 3.02) | 0.11 (0.08, 0.17) | 0.43 (0.28, 0.64) | |||||
4 or more times | 1.03 (0.54, 1.98) | 0.15 (0.10, 0.21) | 0.77 (0.43, 1.38) | |||||
Played team sports
| < 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | ||||
Not in past month | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | ||||
1-3 times | 0.48 (0.26, 0.91) | 0.41 (0.20, 0.87) | 0.10 (0.05, 0.19) | 0.33 (0.15, 0.73) | ||||
4 or more times | 0.44 (0.27, 0.70) | 0.38 (0.23, 0.64) | 0.08 (0.06, 0.12) | 0.29 (0.16, 0.50) | ||||
Done voluntary work
| 0.108 | 0.093 | < 0.001 | 0.449 | ||||
Not in past month | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | ||||
1-3 times | 0.38 (0.09, 1.63) | 0.30 (0.06, 1.55) | 0.17 (0.06, 0.46) | 0.53 (0.13, 2.17) | ||||
4 or more times | 2.16 (0.83, 5.61) | 2.26 (0.82, 6.25) | 0.47 (0.22, 1.01) | 1.82 (0.55, 6.02) | ||||
Gone to the movies
| 0.131 | 0.310 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | ||||
Not in past month | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | ||||
1-3 times | 0.95 (0.57, 1.60) | 1.15 (0.67, 1.97) | 0.12 (0.09, 0.16) | 0.46 (0.31, 0.66) | ||||
4 or more times | 1.89 (0.90, 3.97) | 1.90 (0.83, 4.37)* | 0.42 (0.22, 0.80) | 0.89 (0.30, 2.62) | ||||
Gone to a skate park
| < 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | 0.347 | ||||
Not in past month | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | ||||
1-3 times | 1.73 (1.01, 2.96) | 1.62 (0.72, 3.23) | 0.42 (0.27, 0.64) | 1.33 (0.73, 2.43) | ||||
4 or more times | 4.21 (2.25, 7.99) | 4.74 (2.32, 9.69) | 0.82 (0.47, 1.42) | 1.81 (0.70, 4.70) | ||||
Gone to a music event/concert
| 0.393 | N/A | < 0.001 | 0.251 | ||||
Not in past month | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0§ | |||||
1-3 times | 1.06 (0.61, 1.84) | 0.38 (0.27, 0.54) | 1.50 (0.92, 2.46) | |||||
4 or more times | 2.44 (0.67, 8.88) | 0.72 (0.33, 1.57) | 1.71 (0.35, 8.42) | |||||
Gone to a music shop
| 0.150 | 0.053 | < 0.001 | 0.142 | ||||
No visits | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | ||||
1-3 times | 1.20 (0.72, 2.00) | 1.03 (0.61, 1.77) | 0.17 (0.12, 0.24) | 0.58 (0.33, 0.99) | ||||
4 or more times | 1.77 (1.00, 3.16) | 0.99 (0.46, 2.15) | 0.32 (0.20, 0.51) | 0.79 (0.40, 1.59) |