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Early diagnosis of AKI in the ICU: urinary chitinase 3-like protein 1 as a novel renal troponin
Intensive Care Medicine Experimental volume 3, Article number: A840 (2015)
Introduction
Our group recently validated urinary chitinase 3-like protein 1 (UCHI3L1) as novel biomarker for acute kidney injury (AKI) in septic mice [1].
Objectives
This ensuing study aimed to investigate whether our preclinical finding could be translated to humans and whether UCHI3L1 performed equally to the AKI biomarker urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (UNGAL) [2].
Methods
Prospective cohort study at the surgical and medical ICUs of the University Hospital Ghent from Sept. 2012 till Aug. 2014. Patients were included if: age ≥18 y; arterial and urinary catheter present; expected ICU stay ≥48 h; and respiratory or cardiovascular SOFA score ≥2 resp. ≥1. Participation was excluded if: AKI KDIGOFull stage ≥2 at inclusion; chronic kidney disease stage 5; or no written informed consent.
Blood and urine were collected at inclusion. Each patient was sampled a 2nd time at 6 pm if the 1st collection was before noon, then at 6 am and pm on days 2-4, and at 6 am on days 5-7. The study stopped if the patient was discharged from the ICU before day 7. Reference serum creatinine (SCr) was defined as the lowest SCr value within the last 3 months prior to enrollment.
The primary endpoint was AKI KDIGO Full stage ≥2 within 12 h after enrollment. Secondary endpoints were: AKI KDIGOFull stage ≥2 within 24 h and 7 d after enrollment; and AKI KDIGOSCr stage ≥2 within 12 h, 24 h and 7 d after enrollment.
Results
In total 181 patients were included, of which 6 (3%) reached the primary endpoint. Baseline characteristics showed no differences with the exception of age (70.5 y [IQR: 65.8-78.0] vs. 59.0 [50.0-70.0] for endpoint pos. resp. neg.; P = 0.040). At ICU admission, the only significant difference was the proportion of patients referred from another department (66.7 vs. 22.3% for endpoint pos. resp. neg.; P = 0.029).
Both UCHI3L1 and UNGAL measured at inclusion were good predictors of the primary endpoint, with an AUC-ROC of 0.792 (95% CI: 0.726-0.849) resp. 0.748 (0.678-0.810). The difference between both areas was not significant (P = 0.587). Results for all endpoints are shown in Figure 1.
Conclusions
UCHI3L1 was a valuable diagnostic biomarker for moderate or severe AKI in this adult ICU cohort, and performed similar to UNGAL.
Grant Acknowledgment
FWO grant to De Loor J. IOF grant to Meyer E. and Hoste E.
Patent: US2014006991 and EP201211163. Valorisation: bimetra@uzgent.be
References
Mol Cell Proteomics. 2012, 11: 1-13. 10.1074/mcp.E112.019653.
Ann Clin Biochem. 2014, 51: 335-351. 10.1177/0004563214521795.
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Authors and Affiliations
Additional information
E Meyer and E Hoste contributed equally to this work.
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De Loor, J., De Crop, L., Clauwaert, C. et al. Early diagnosis of AKI in the ICU: urinary chitinase 3-like protein 1 as a novel renal troponin. ICMx 3 (Suppl 1), A840 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1186/2197-425X-3-S1-A840
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/2197-425X-3-S1-A840