Introduction
Methods
Patients
Serum assays
Radiologic data
Statistical analysis
Results
Characteristics of the study population and comparison of RA and UA patients
UA (n = 159) | Early RA (n = 632) | P value | |
---|---|---|---|
Age
| 47.2 ± 13.8 | 48.5 ± 12.2 | 0.46 |
Women (
n
,%)
| 117 (74%) | 492 (78%) | 0.25 |
First symptom (months)
| 6.6 ± 7.7 | 6.9 ± 8.5 | 0.72 |
DAS28
| 4.0 ± 1.0 | 5.4 ± 1.2 |
<0.0001
|
CRP level (mg/L)
| 17.2 ± 29.3 | 21.1 ± 33.1 |
0.0028
|
ESR
| 25.3 ± 22.4 | 30.6 ± 24.9 |
0.0014
|
Positive anti-CCP antibodies (
n
,%)
| 2 (1.26%) | 313 (49.5%) |
<0.0001
|
Positive RF (
n
,%)
| 5 (3.1%) | 365 (57.75%) |
<0.0001
|
Swollen-joint count
| 3.5 ± 2.4 | 8.2 ± 5.2 |
<0.0001
|
Tender-joint count
| 3.2 ± 2.6 | 9.9 ± 7.2 |
<0.0001
|
HAQ score
| 0.69 ± 0.58 | 1.05 ± 0.69 |
<0.0001
|
Diabetes mellitus (
n
,%)
| 7 (4.4%) | 24 (3.8%) | 0.73 |
HOMA-IR index
| 2.5 ± 2.6 | 2.8 ± 4.2 | 0.37 |
BMI
| 24.7 ± 4.6 | 25.2 ± 4.6 | 0.22 |
Steroid prescription at inclusion (
n
,%)
| 22 (13.8%) | 84 (13.3%) | 0.86 |
Radiographic damage at inclusion (
n
,%)
| 0 (0) | 108 (17.1%) |
<0.0001
|
Total SHS at inclusion
| 4.6 ± 6.8 | 6.14 ± 7.92 |
0.005
|
Erosive SHS | 1.6 ± 3.13 | 3.09 ± 4.98 |
<0.0001
|
Narrowing SHS | 2.97 ± 4.82 | 3.04 ± 4.36 | 0.77 |
Total SHS at 1 year
| 5.7 ± 9.5 | 7.7 ± 10.7 |
0.006
|
Erosive SHS | 2.35 ± 5.05 | 4.48 ± 7.56 |
<0.0001
|
Narrowing SHS | 3.36 ± 5.54 | 3.26 ± 4.78 | 0.9552 |
Total
∆
SHS between inclusion and 1 year
| 1.0 ± 3.8 | 1.6 ± 4.4 |
0.02
|
Erosive
∆
SHS between inclusion and 1 year
| 0.73 ± 2.7 | 1.37 ± 3.73 |
0.0025
|
Narrowing
∆
SHS between inclusion and 1 year
| 0.24 ± 1.22 | 0.26 ± 1.15 | 0.7294 |
Adiponectin level (μg/ml)
| 4.9 ± 3.4 | 5.0 ± 3.7 | 0.63 |
Leptin level (ng/ml)
| 14.6 ± 14.4 | 14.4 ± 13.7 | 0.74 |
Visfatin/NAMPT level (ng/ml)
| 4.1 ± 3.6 | 3.57 ± 3.1 | 0.47 |
Serum adipokine levels and structural damage for patients with RA at baseline
Univariate | Model 1 “Base” | Model 2 “metabolic” | Model 3 “metabolic + RA” | Model 4 “metabolic + RA + steroid” | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
β |
P
| β |
P
| β |
P
| β |
P
| β | p | ||
Adiponectin
|
Total SHS
| 0.058 | 0.1 | 0.097 |
0.007
| 0.1 |
0.006
| 0.11 |
0.007
| 0.12 |
0.006
|
Erosive SHS
| -0.004 | 0.93 | 0.035 | 0.40 | 0.03 | 0.52 | 0.06 | 0.22 | 0.06 | 0.22 | |
Narrowing SHS
| 0.097 |
0.03
| 0.1 |
0.02
| 0.13 |
0.006
| 0.14 |
0.009
| 0.14 |
0.01
| |
Leptin
|
Total SHS
| 0.015 | 0.75 | 0.015 | 0.73 | -0.01 | 0.79 | -0.01 | 0.76 | -0.01 | 0.74 |
Erosive SHS
| -0.15 |
0.005
| -0.13 |
0.01
| -0.09 |
0.02
| -0.06 | 0.14 | -0.07 | 0.13 | |
Narrowing SHS
| 0.13 |
0.02
| 0.11 |
0.047
| 0.04 | 0.40 | 0.02 | 0.64 | 0.03 | 0.63 | |
Visfatin/NAMPT
|
Total SHS
| 0.006 | 0.89 | 0.008 | 0.87 | -0.01 | 0.82 | -0.04 | 0.46 | -0.04 | 0.46 |
Erosive SHS
| -0.08 | 0.11 | -0.1 | 0.06 | -0.12 | 0.03 | -0.14 |
0.02
| -0.14 |
0.02
| |
Narrowing SHS
| -0.004 | 0.95 | 0.02 | 0.70 | -0.009 | 0.89 | -0.02 | 0.71 | -0.02 | 0.71 |
Association of adipokine levels and radiographic disease progression
Univariate model | Model 1 “Base” | Model 2 “Metabolic” | Model 3 “Metabolic + RA” | Model 4 “Metabolic + RA + steroid” | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
OR (95% CI) |
P
| OR (95% CI) |
P
| OR (95% CI) |
P
| OR (95% CI) |
P
| OR (95% CI) |
P
| ||
Adiponectin
|
Total ∆SHS ≥1
| 1.34 (1.03-1.76) | 0.03 | 1.59 (1.19-2.12) | 0.002 | 1.57 (1.16-2.13) | 0.004 | 1.84 (1.24-2.71) | 0.002 | 1.84 (1.25-2.72) |
0.002
|
Erosive ∆SHS ≥1
| 1.34 (1.02-1.75) | 0.03 | 1.56 (1.17-2.08) | 0.003 | 1.54 (1.13-2.08) | 0.006 | 1.73 (1.17-2.55) | 0.006 | 1.73 (1.17-2.55) |
0.006
| |
Narrowing ∆SHS ≥1
| 1.65 (1.05-2.61) | 0.03 | 1.79 (1.10-2.90) | 0.02 | 1.95 (1.16-3.27) | 0.01 | 1.91 (1.04-3.52) | 0.04 | 1.93 (1.04-3.57) |
0.04
| |
Leptin
|
Total ∆SHS ≥1
| 0.86 (0.71-1.05) | 0.14 | 0.95 (0.76-1.18) | 0.63 | 1.24 (0.9-1.70) | 0.2 | 1.59 (1.05-2.41) | 0.03 | 1.59 (1.05-2.42) |
0.03
|
Erosive ∆SHS ≥1
| 0.88 (0.72-1.07) | 0.19 | 0.96 (0.77-1.20) | 0.69 | 1.29 (0.93-1.78) | 0.12 | 1.68 (1.11-2.56) | 0.01 | 1.69 (1.11-2.57) |
0.01
| |
Narrowing ∆SHS ≥1
| 0.93 (0.66-1.3) | 0.66 | 0.93 (0.64-1.35) | 0.70 | 1.09 (0.63-1.87) | 0.76 | 1.1 (0.58-2.09) | 0.76 | 1.10 (0.58-2.08) | 0.77 | |
Visfatin/NAMPT
|
Total ∆SHS ≥1
| 1.22 (0.99-1.51) | 0.06 | 1.20 (0.97-1.49) | 0.09 | 1.2 (0.95-1.49) | 0.12 | 1.09 (0.81-1.46) | 0.57 | 1.09 (0.81-1.46) | 0.58 |
Erosive ∆SHS ≥1
| 1.25 (1.01-1.54) | 0.04 | 1.23 (0.99-1.52) | 0.06 | 1.22- (0.98-1.53) | 0.08 | 1.14 (0.85-1.53) | 0.37 | 1.14 (0.85-1.54) | 0.37 | |
Narrowing ∆SHS ≥1
| 1.17 (0.82-1.67) | 0.39 | 1.16 (0.81-1.67) | 0.41 | 1.05 (0.73-1.53) | 0.79 | 1.12 (0.72-1.75) | 0.62 | 1.13 (0.72-1.77) | 0.6 |
Univariate model | Model 1 “Base” | Model 2 “metabolic” | Model 3 “metabolic + RA” | Model 4 “metabolic + RA + steroid” | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
OR (95% CI) |
P
| OR (95% CI) |
P
| OR (95% CI) |
P
| OR (95% CI) |
P
| OR (95% CI) |
P
| ||
Adiponectin
|
∆SHS ≥ 5
| 1.47 (0.98-2.20) | 0.06 | 1.7 (1.11-2.61) |
0.02
| 1.85 (1.16-2.94) |
0.01
| 2.0 (1.14-3.52) |
0.02
| 2.0 (1.14-3.52) |
0.02
|
Leptin
|
∆SHS ≥ 5
| 0.73 (0.54-0.97) |
0.03
| 0.75 (0.55-1.04) | 0.09 | 0.98 (0.61-1.56) | 0.92 | 0.97 (0.55-1.68) | 0.90 | 0.97 (0.56-1.68) | 0.90 |
Visfatin/NAMPT
|
∆SHS ≥ 5
| 1.14 (0.83 1.56) | 0.41 | 1.12 (0.82-1.54) | 0.48 | 1.11 (0.79-1.55) | 0.56 | 0.96 (0.64-1.44) | 0.85 | 0.96 (0.64-1.44) | 0.85 |