Background
Methods
Study Setting and population
Data collection
Data Processing and Analyses
Ethical Consideration
Results
Socio-economic and demographic characteristics
Variables | Frequency | Percent (%) | |
---|---|---|---|
Age | 18–24 years | 88 | 21.1 |
25–49 years | 291 | 69.8 | |
> = 50 years | 38 | 9.1 | |
Sex | Male | 241 | 57.8 |
Female | 176 | 42.2 | |
Marital status | Married | 182 | 43.6 |
Unmarried | 199 | 47.7 | |
Divorced | 15 | 3.6 | |
Widowed | 21 | 5.0 | |
Education status | No formal education | 78 | 18.7 |
Primary education | 129 | 30.9 | |
Secondary education | 117 | 28.1 | |
Higher education | 93 | 22.3 | |
Religion | Protestant | 189 | 45.3 |
Orthodox | 146 | 35.0 | |
Muslim | 52 | 12.5 | |
Catholic | 30 | 7.2 | |
Ethnicity | Wolaita | 266 | 63.8 |
Amhara | 62 | 14.9 | |
Gurage | 69 | 16.5 | |
Others | 20 | 4.8 | |
Occupation status | Government employee | 76 | 18.2 |
Private employee | 85 | 20.4 | |
Merchant | 51 | 12.2 | |
Farmer | 15 | 3.6 | |
House wives | 52 | 12.5 | |
Jobless | 49 | 11.8 | |
Students | 89 | 21.3 | |
Monthly income | <735 ETB | 212 | 50.8 |
735–1176 ETB | 86 | 20.6 | |
> = 1176 ETB | 119 | 28.6 |
Clinical and psychosocial characteristics of the respondents
Variables | Frequency | Percent (%) | |
---|---|---|---|
Classification | Pulmonary TB | 287 | 68.8 |
Extra-pulmonary TB | 130 | 31.2 | |
Category of treatment | New | 341 | 81.8 |
Return after default | 37 | 8.9 | |
Relapse/treatment after failure | 39 | 9.4 | |
Duration of illness | <6 months | 25 | 6 |
6–12 months | 247 | 59.2 | |
> = 12 months | 145 | 34.8 | |
Phase of treatment | Intensive phase | 270 | 64.7 |
Continuation phase | 147 | 35.3 | |
Co-morbid chronic illness | HIV/AIDS | 49 | 11.8 |
Other chronic illness | 24 | 5.8 | |
No co-morbid illness | 344 | 82.5 | |
Good social support | Yes | 229 | 54.9 |
No | 188 | 45.1 | |
Perceived TB stigma | Yes | 177 | 42.4 |
No | 240 | 57.6 | |
Substance (khat, cigarette & alcohol) use | Yes | 30 | 7.2 |
No | 387 | 92.8 |
Prevalence of depression and anxiety among TB patients
Factors associated with depression & anxiety among patients with TB
Explanatory Variables | Depression | COR,95 % (CI) | AOR,95 % (CI) | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Yes | No | |||
Age n = 417 | ||||
18–24 years | 27 | 61 |
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25–49 years | 129 | 162 | 1.79, (1.08, 2.99) | 0.78(0.30, 2.03) |
> = 50 years | 25 | 13 | 4.34, (1.94, 9.76) | 1.09 (0.20, 5.92) |
Educational status n = 417 | ||||
No formal education | 48 | 30 | 3.20, (1.71, 5.99) | 2.92 (0.91, 9.35) |
Primary education | 59 | 70 | 1.68, (0.97, 2.93) | 2.58 ( 0.95 ,6.96) |
Secondary education | 43 | 74 | 1.16, (0.66, 2.06) | 1.50 (0.57, 3.94) |
Higher education | 31 | 62 |
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Classification n = 417 | ||||
Pulmonary TB | 150 | 137 | 3.49, (2.19, 5.57) | 1.68(0.97, 4.17) |
Extra-pulmonary TB | 31 | 99 |
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Phase of treatment | ||||
Intensive phase | 127 | 143 | 1.53, (1.01, 2.31) | 0.59 (0.29,1.23) |
Continuous phase | 54 | 93 |
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Co-morbid chronic illness | ||||
HIV/AIDS | 34 | 15 | 3.83, (2.01, 7.29) | 5.90(2.34, 15.93)** |
Other chronic illness | 19 | 5 | 6.41, (2.34, 17.59) | 1.07 (0.37, 3.07) |
No chronic illness | 128 | 216 |
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1
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Good social support | ||||
Yes | 29 | 200 |
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1
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No | 152 | 36 | 29.12, (17.10, 49.59) | 18.06(11.21, 25.45)* |
Perceived TB Stigma | ||||
Yes | 148 | 29 | 32.01, (18.62, 55.02) | 10.86(10.26, 23.47)* |
No | 33 | 207 |
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Explanatory Variables | Anxiety | COR,95 % (CI) | AOR,95 % (CI) | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Yes | No | |||
Sex n = 417 | ||||
Male | 89 | 152 |
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Female | 84 | 92 | 1.56, (1.05, 2.31) | 1.72, (1.06, 2.95)** |
Educational status n = 417 | ||||
No formal education | 45 | 33 | 3.01, (1.61, 5.64) | 0.70,(0.23,2.11) |
Primary education | 54 | 75 | 1.59, (0.91, 2.79) | 0.80,(0.32,1.99) |
Secondary education | 45 | 72 | 1.38, (0.78, 2.45) | 1.31,(0.54,3.20) |
Higher education | 29 | 64 |
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Job n = 417 | ||||
Government employed | 28 | 48 |
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Private employed | 29 | 56 | 0.89, (0.47, 1.69) | 0.79, (0.33, 1.93) |
Merchant | 20 | 31 | 1.11, (0.53, 2.29) | 0.65, (0.23, 1.88) |
Farmer | 6 | 9 | 1.14, (0.37, 3.55) | 0.70, (0.14, 3.56) |
House wives | 29 | 23 | 2.16, (1.05, 4.44) | 1.24, (0.88, 6.23) |
Jobless | 26 | 23 | 1.94, (1.03, 4.02) | 2.40, (0.62, 5.12) |
Students | 35 | 54 | 1.11, (0.59, 2.09) | 2.34, (0.43, 3.32) |
Category of treatment | ||||
New | 134 | 207 |
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Return after default | 16 | 21 | 1.18, (0.59, 2.34) | 1.86,(0.71,4.87) |
Relapse | 23 | 16 | 2.22, (1.13, 4.36) | 1.01,(0.39, 2.65) |
Phase of treatment | ||||
Intensive phase | 130 | 140 | 2.25,(1.46, 3.45) | 1.91,(1.081, 3.39)** |
Continuous phase | 43 | 104 |
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Co-morbid chronic illness | ||||
HIV/AIDS | 42 | 7 | 11.95, (5.21, 27.43) | 9.61, (3.56, 25.96)* |
Other chronic illness | 16 | 8 | 3.98, (1.66, 9.58) | 2.62, (0.91, 7.58) |
No chronic illness | 115 | 229 |
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Good social support | ||||
Yes | 36 | 193 |
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No | 137 | 51 | 14.40, (8.92, 23.26) | 8.93, (5.01, 15.94)* |
TB Stigma | ||||
Yes | 123 | 54 | 8.66, (5.54, 13.53) | 3.12, (1.78, 5.42)** |
No | 50 | 190 |
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1
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Substance use | ||||
Yes | 21 | 9 | 3.607, (1.61, 8.09) | 4.88, (1.79,13.28)* |
No | 152 | 235 |
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