Background
Methods
Participants
Statistical analysis
Results
Characteristics of the population
Demographic data | n | Mean (SD) or % | range. |
---|---|---|---|
Age [mean (SD)] | 149 | 29.39 (5.6) | 18-42 |
Male/Female (%) | 149 | 51.7/48.3 | |
Ethnicity: Romanian/Serbian/Hungarian (%) | 148 | 83.2/7.4/8.7 | |
Married/Unmarried (%) | 146 | 55.5/44.5 | |
Urban/rural (%) | 146 | 78.1/21.9 | |
Years of education (mean (SD) | 126 | 12.81 (3.52) | 4-22 |
Family history of periodontitis (%) | 123 | 43.1/56.9 | |
Systemic health findings (%) | |||
Yes/No | 80 | 10/90 | |
Behavior characteristics | |||
Smoking YES/NO (%) | 125 | 40.8/59.2 | |
Brushing (%) | 78 | ||
never | 7.7 | ||
once/week or month | 7.7 | ||
once/day | 84.6 | ||
Flossing (%) | 77 | ||
YES | 24.7 | ||
NO | 75.3 | ||
Cleaning (%): | 77 | ||
Never | 22.1 | ||
>1year<2 years | 28.6 | ||
>2 years | 9.1 | ||
<1 year | 40.3 | ||
Radiographic findings [mean (SD)] | |||
Tooth number | 149 | 24.93 (5.62) | 4-32 |
Root rest number | 149 | 1.34 (2.36) | 0-17 |
Carious lesions | 149 | 3.54 (2.87) | 0-13 |
Fillings | 149 | 3.91 (4.20) | 0-16 |
Prosthetic crowns | 149 | 1.18 (2.15) | 0-10 |
Endodontic treatment | 149 | 2.10 (2.56) | 0-12 |
Periapical lesions | 149 | 1.28 (1.47) | 0-7 |
Prevalence of periodontal disease
Characteristics of the subjects by periodontal condition
NL | CrP | AgP | Significance | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
N | 51 | 81 | 17 | p | p | p | p |
NL/CrP/Ag | NL/CrP | NL/AgP | CrP/AgP | ||||
Age (n=149) | |||||||
Younger ≤31 | 45 (47.9%) | 45 (47.9%) | 4 (4.3%) | ||||
Older >31 | 6 (10.9%) | 336 (65.5%) | 13 (23.6%) | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.02 |
Gender | |||||||
Female | 28 (38.8%) | 35 (48.6%) | 9 (12.5%) | ||||
Male | 23 (29.9%) | 46 (59.7%) | 8 (10.4%) | 0.39 | 0.19 | 0.88 | 0.46 |
Education (n=126) | |||||||
High (>9) | 37 (36.3%) | 55 (53.9%) | 10 (9.8%) | ||||
Low (≤8) | 2 (8.3%) | 15 (62.5%) | 7 (29.2%) | 0.01 | 0.02 | 0.01 | 0.09 |
Family history (n=123) | |||||||
No | 32 (45.7%) | 36 (51.4%) | 2 (2.9%) | ||||
Yes | 10 (18.9%) | 30 (56.6%) | 13 (24.5%) | 0.01 | 0.03 | 0.01 | 0.01 |
Residency (n=146) | |||||||
Urban | 40 (35.1%) | 64 (56.1% | 10 (8.8%) | ||||
Rural | 9 (28.1%) | 16 (50%) | 7 (21.9%) | 0.12 | 0.82 | 0.06 | 0.06 |
Married (n=146) | |||||||
Yes | 21 (25.9%) | 49 (60.5%) | 11 (13.6%) | ||||
No | 28 (43.1%) | 31 (47.7%) | 6 (9.2%) | 0.09 | 0.04 | 0.12 | 0.79 |
Ethnicity (n=148) | |||||||
Romanian | 40 (32.3%) | 72 (58.1%) | 12 (9.7%) | ||||
Serbian | 9 (81.8%) | 1 (9.1%) | 1 (9.1%) | ||||
Hungarian | 1 (7.7%) | 8 (61.5% | 4 (30.8%) | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.12 |
Smoking (n=125) | |||||||
No | 31 (41.9%) | 38 (51.4% | 5 (6.8%) | ||||
Yes | 10 (19.6%) | 30 (58.8%) | 11 (21.6%) | 0.01 | 0.04 | 0.01 | 0.08 |
Brushing (n=78) | |||||||
No | 1 (8.3%) | 7 (58.3%) | 4 (33.3%) | ||||
Yes | 21 (31.8%) | 38 (57.6%) | 7 (10.6%) | 0.06 | 0.19 | 0.02 | 0.12 |
Flossing (n=77) | |||||||
No | 17 (29.3%) | 32 (55.2%) | 9 (15.5%) | ||||
Yes | 5 (26.3%) | 12 (63.2%) | 2 (10.5%) | 0.80 | 0.69 | 0.76 | 0.54 |
Cleanings (n=77) | |||||||
No | 14 (32.6%) | 20 (46.5%) | 9 (20.9%) | ||||
Yes | 8 (23.5%) | 24 (70.6%) | 2 (5.9%) | 0.07 | 0.16 | 0.28 | 0.03 |
SC/RP (n=76) | |||||||
No | 22 (31.4%) | 40 (57.1%) | 8 (11.4%) | ||||
Yes | 0 (0.0%) | 3 (50.0%) | 3 (50.0%) | 0.02 | 0 21 | 0.01 | 0.06 |
Tooth number | |||||||
High (>22) | 48 (45.7%) | 53 (50.5%) | 4 (3.8%) | ||||
Low (≤22) | 3 (6.8%) | 28 (63.6%) | 13 (29.5%) | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.01 |
Root rest number | 0.75 (1.20) | 1.68 (2.94) | 1.59 (1.37) | 0.03kw | 0.04 | 0.01 | 0.26 |
Carious lesions | 3.12 (2.62) | 3.61 (2.75) | 4.47 (3.91) | 0.38kw | 0.25 | 0.28 | 0.58 |
Fillings | 3.76 (4.38) | 4.24 (2.30) | 1.47 (2.15) | 0.14kw | 0.26 | 0.28 | 0.06 |
Crowns | 0.67 (1.85) | 1.44 (2.30) | 1.47 (2.15) | 0.06kw | 0.03 | 0.08 | 0.84 |
Endodontic treat | 1.61 (2.13) | 2.48 (2.82) | 1.76 (2.19) | 0.15kw | 0.07 | 0.88 | 0.28 |
Periapical lesions | 1.00 (1.67) | 1.44 (1.56) | 1.41 (1.81) | 0.39kw | 0.16 | 0.66 | 0.74 |
Periodontal conditions associate with age, tooth number and family history
Univariate (n=76-149) | Multivariate (n=107) | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Chronic periodontitis | Aggressive periodontitis | Chronic periodontitis | Aggressive periodontitis | |||||
OR | 95%CI | OR | 95%CI | OR | 95%CI | OR | 95%CI | |
Age | ||||||||
Young | 1 | Ref | 1 | Ref | 1 | Ref | ||
Older | 6.00 | 2.30-15.64*** | 24.37 | 2.78-33.63*** | 4.55 | 1.32-15.70* | ||
Gender | ||||||||
Male | 1 | Ref | 1 | Ref | ||||
Female | 0.62 | 0.31-1.27 | 0.92 | 0.31-2.78 | ||||
Education | ||||||||
High Ed | 1 | Ref | 1 | Ref | ||||
Low Ed | 5.57 | 1.22-25.48* | 17.15 | 3.10-95.04*** | ||||
Family history | ||||||||
No FH | 1 | Ref | 1 | Ref | 1 | Ref | ||
FH | 2.67 | 1.13-6.30* | 20.80 | 4.00-108.24*** | 9.42 | 1.62-54.85* | ||
Residency | ||||||||
Urban | 1 | Ref | 1 | Ref | ||||
Rural | 1.11 | 0.44-2.75 | 3.11 | 0.91-10.39+ | ||||
Married | ||||||||
No | 1 | Ref | 1 | Ref | ||||
Yes | 2.11 | 1.02-4.34* | 2.441 | 0.78-7.68 | ||||
Ethnicity | ||||||||
Romanian | 1 | Ref | 1 | Ref | ||||
Non Romanian | 0.60 | 0.22-1.68 | 1.3 | 0.35-4.76 | ||||
Smoking | ||||||||
No (74) | 1 | Ref | 1 | Ref | ||||
Yes (51) | 2.45 | 1.03-5.77* | 6.82 | 1.91-24.41** | ||||
Tooth number | ||||||||
High (>22) | 1 | Ref | 1 | Ref | 1 | Ref | ||
Low (<22) | 6.34 | 1.80-22.42*** | 52.00 | 10.31-262.11*** | 12.94 | 1.54-108.60* | ||
Root rest number | 1.33 | 1.03-1.73* | 1.32 | 0.97-1.79+ | ||||
Carious lesions | 1.07 | 0.94-1.22 | 1.17 | 0.97-1.41+ | ||||
Fillings | 1.03 | 0.94-1.12 | 0.93 | 0.79-1.08 | ||||
Prosthetic crowns | 1.23 | 1.00-1.52* | 1.24 | 0.94-1.63 | ||||
Endodontic treatment | 1.16 | 0.99-1.35+ | 1.03 | 0.80-1.33 | ||||
Periapical lesions | 1.24 | 0.96-1.62+ | 1.23 | 0.84-1.81 |