Background
Goals of this investigation
Methods
Study design
Study setting and selection of participants
Intervention
Data collection and processing
Questionnaire development
Primary data analysis
Statistical analysis
Results
Students characteristics
n | % | |
---|---|---|
Age, years | ||
mean + SD | 36.1 ± 10.2 | |
Min | 20 | |
Max | 63 | |
not reported |
n = 27 | |
Sex | ||
Male | 146 | 61.9 |
not reported | 5 | 2.3 |
Professional experience, years | ||
0–2 | 44 | 18.5 |
3–4 | 22 | 9.4 |
5–6 | 20 | 8.3 |
7–8 | 18 | 7.5 |
9–10 | 18 | 7.5 |
11–12 | 17 | 7.1 |
13–14 | 22 | 9.4 |
≥ 15 | 76 | 32.3 |
Non-responder analysis
Principal component analysis
Factors | Description | Number of items | Cronbach’s alpha | Item means |
---|---|---|---|---|
Factor 1 | expectations | 5 | 0.885 | 6.05 |
Factor 2 | common procedures | 5 | 0.837 | 5.15 |
Factor 3 | preparation, literature | 2 | 0.672 | 5.12 |
Factor 4 | rare procedures | 3 | 0.601 | 3.75 |
Expectation and preparation
QUESTION | TIME POINTS | DIFFERENCES | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
pre t0 MW ± SDmedian | post t1 MW ± SDmedian | after t2 MW ± SDmedian | t0-t2
p-value | t0-t1
p-value | t1-t2
p-value | ||
EXPECTAITONS | 1. I have high expectations for the course/my expectations have been fulfilled. | 5.6 ± 1.2 6.0 | 6.2 ± 0.9 6.0 | 5.9 ± 1.1 6.0 | 0.002 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
2. I expect/have an increased safety in the assessment of the kinematics. | 5.9 ± 1.1 6.0 | 6.1 ± 1.0 6.0 | 5.6 ± 1.3 6.0 | 0.009 | 0.190 | <0.001 | |
3. I expect/have more safety in the classification of critical/non-critical patients. | 6.1 ± 1.0 6.0 | 6.3 ± 0.7 6.0 | 5.8 ± 1.2 6.0 | 0.010 | 0.006 | <0.001 | |
4. I expect to/I can treat life-threatening situations faster. | 6.2 ± 0.9 6.0 | 6.2 ± 0.8 6.0 | 5.7 ± 1.3 6.0 | <0.001 | 0.517 | <0.001 | |
5. I expect/could to expand my knowledge in trauma care. | 6.4 ± 0.9 7.0 | 6.5 ± 0.7 7.0 | 6.1 ± 1.1 6.0 | 0.003 | 0.371 | <0.001 | |
COMMON PROCEDURES | 1. I feel safe in airway management | 5.1 ± 1.0 5.0 | 5.9 ± 0.8 6.0 | 5.4 ± 1.2 5.0 | 0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
2. I feel safe in proper handling with neck collars | 5.7 ± 0.9 6.0 | 6.4 ± 0.7 6.0 | 6.3 ± 0.9 7.0 | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.977 | |
3. I feel safe in removing a helmet | 5.2 ± 1.0 5.0 | 5.8 ± 0.9 6.0 | 5.9 ± 1.2 6.0 | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.125 | |
4. I feel safe in the rescue off the vehicle (extrication) | 4.8 ± 1.0 5.0 | 5.8 ± 0.8 6.0 | 3.8 ± 1.9 4.0 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | |
5. I feel safe in treatment of traumatological emergencies | 4.8 ± 1.0 5.0 | 5.9 ± 0.7 6.0 | 5.7 ± 0.8 6.0 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | |
RARE PROCEDURES | 1. I feel safe in thoracic needle decompression | 2.2 ± 1.5 1.0 | 4.5 ± 1.5 5.0 | 2.8 ± 1.7 2.0 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
2. I feel safe in the proper handling of the spineboard | 5.2 ± 1.1 5.0 | 6.1 ± 1.0 6.0 | 5.8 ± 1.1 6.0 | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.008 | |
3. I feel safe in the proper handling of the pelvic sling | 3.9 ± 1.6 4.0 | 6.0 ± 0.9 6.0 | 5.6 ± 1.1 6.0 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
Common procedures
Rare procedures
Additional questions
Dependent variable: I feel safe in treatment of traumatological emergencies | |||
---|---|---|---|
Predictor | Coefficient (SE) | 95% CI |
p-value |
Work experience | 0.00 (0.02) | −0.03 – 0.03 | 0.859 |
I use the ABCDE-structure in prehospital trauma care | 0.09 (0.04) | 0.01–0.18 | 0.036 |
I feel safe in thoracic needle decompression | 0.10 (0.03) | 0.05–0.15 | <0.001 |
I feel safe in proper handling with neck collars | 0.43 (0.05) | 0.33–0.53 | <0.001 |
After one year, my expectations have been fulfilled | 0.05 (0.05) | −0.04 – 0.15 | 0.275 |
I am anxious regularly to do further studies by medical journals. | 0.03 (0.04) | −0.04 – 0.10 | 0.404 |
Sex | −0.07 (0.09) | −0.25 – 0.10 | 0.400 |