Background
Methods
Protocol and registration
Eligibility criteria
Outcomes
Information sources
Study selection
Data collection process
Risk of bias in individual studies
Dichotomous data
Continuous data
Management of missing data
Assessment of heterogeneity
Assessment of reporting biases
Data synthesis
Results
Literature search results
Characteristics of included studies
Author, year | Location | Participants | Intervention Treatment | Control Treatment | Outcomes | Intervention | Control |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Balaskas, 2012 | Switzerland | N = 19 Intervention = 10 Control = 9 | Azithromycin + prednisone Administration route: oral | PYR/SDZ + folinic acid + prednisone Administration route: oral | Changes in VA Number of recurrences Improvement in VA Ocular inflammation Retinal lesion Size | NR NR NR NR NR | NR NR NR NR NR |
Adverse drug reactions (minor) | NR | 9 (100%) | |||||
Baharivand, 2013 | Iran | N = 66 Intervention = 32 Control = 34 | Clindamycin + dexamethasone Administration route: intravitreal | PYR/SDZ + folinic acid + prednisone Administration route: oral | Changes in VA | 0.38 ± 0,35 logMAR | 0.35 ± 0,29 logMAR |
Number of recurrences | 4 (12.5%) | 5 (14.7%) | |||||
Improvement in VA (gaining > = 2 Snellen lines) | 27/32 | 28/34 | |||||
Ocular inflammation (grade 0/trace) | 28 (87.5%) | 28 (82.4%) | |||||
Retinal lesion size improvement | 21 (65.6%) | 23 (67.6%) | |||||
Adverse drug reactions (major) | 0 | 1 (2.9%) | |||||
Bosch-Driessen, 2002 | Netherlands | N = 46 Intervention = 24 Control = 22 | PYR + Azithromycin + folinic acid + prednisone Administration route: oral | PYR/SDZ + folinic acid + prednisone Administration route: oral | Changes in VA | NR | NR |
Number of recurrences (at least one year follow up) | 5 /15 (33%) | 5 / 9 (56%) | |||||
Improvement in VA (> = 0.5 logMAR units at 3 months) | 5 /24 (21%) | 5/18 (28%) | |||||
Ocular inflammation (No inflammatory cells from vitreous within 4 w) | 14 /20 (70%) | 10/14 (71%) | |||||
Retinal lesion size improvement (decrease more than 0,5 optic disk diameter in 3 months) | 9/ 22 (41%) | 7 /17 (41%) | |||||
Adverse drug reactions (all) | 8/ 24 (33%) | 14 /22 (64%) | |||||
Colin, 1989 | Not exactly reported | N = 29 Intervention = 14 Control = 15 | Clindamycin Administration route: subconjunctival injections + oral prednisolone | PYR/SDZ + Prednisolone Administration route: oral Folinic acid Administration route: Intramuscular | Changes in VA Ocular inflammation Improvement in VA Retinal lesion Size | NR NR NR NR | NR NR NR NR |
Number of recurrences | 21% | 36% | |||||
Adverse drug reactions (all) | 1 | 1 | |||||
Ghavidel, 2017 | Iran | N = 72 Intervention = 36 Control = 36 | Azithromycin + prednisolone Administration route: oral | PYR/SDZ + prednisolone Administration route: oral | Changes in VA Ocular inflammation | 0.35 logMAR (20/44 Snellen acuity) NR | 0.39 logMAR (20/49 Snellen acuity) NR |
Improvement in VA | NR | NR | |||||
Number of recurrences (during 24 months after treatment) | 18 (50%) | 4 (11,1%) | |||||
Retinal lesion size (reduction during treatment) | 354.86 µm | 638.89 µm | |||||
Adverse drug reactions (all) | 4 (12.5%) | 20 (55.5%) | |||||
Kartasasmita, 2017 | Indonesia | N = 28 Intervention = 14 Control = 14 | TMP/SMX + Clindamycin + methylprednisolone Administration route: oral | PYR/SDZ + methylprednisolone + folic acid Administration route: oral | Changes in VA Number of recurrences Improvement in VA Ocular inflammation Adverse drug reactions | NR NR NR NR NR | NR NR NR NR NR |
Retinal lesion size (percentage of lesion area reduction in the third w) | 57.50% | 52.5% | |||||
Lashay, 2017 | Iran | N = 27 Intervention = 14 Control = 13 | Azithromycin + prednisone Administration route: oral | TMP/SMX + Prednisone Administration route: oral | Changes in VA | 0.24 ± 0.04 logMAR | 0.30 ± 0.01 logMAR |
Number of recurrences Improvement in VA | NR 10/14 | NR 10/13 | |||||
Ocular inflammation (vitreous inflammatory cells clearance) | 7 (50%) | 10 (77%) | |||||
Retinal lesion size (reduction) | 24.2% ± 6,5% | 36.6% ± 4,6% | |||||
Adverse drug reactions (mild) | 4 (28.5%) | 3 (23%) | |||||
Ortega, 2000 | Mexico | N = 46 Intervention G1 = 13 Intervention G2 = 22 Intervention G3 = 11 | G1 TMP/SMX + PYR + prednisone + folinic acid G2 TMP/SMX + Clindamycin + prednisone Administration route: oral G3 TMP/SMX + PYR + Clindamycin + prednisone + folinic acid Administration route: oral | - | Changes in VA Improvement in VA Ocular inflammation Retinal lesion size | NR NR NR NR | - - - - |
Number of relapses | G1 1 (7.6%) G2 5 (31.2%) G3 4 (36.3%) | ||||||
Adverse drug reactions (called “Complications from treatment” and apparently mild) | G1 1 (7.6%) G2 4 (18.1%) G3 0 (0%) | - | |||||
Soheilian, 2005 | Iran | N = 59 Intervention = 30 Control = 29 | TMP/SMX + oral prednisolone Administration route: oral | PYR/SDZ + folinic acid + prednisolone Administration route: oral | Improvement in VA | NR | NR |
Changes in VA (increase) | 0,52 logMAR | 0,56 logMAR | |||||
Number of recurrences | 3 (10%) | 3 (10,3%) | |||||
Ocular inflammation (Reduction of vitreous inflammatory cells (0–trace cells) 6 w after treatment) | 17 (56,7%) | 20 (69%) | |||||
Retinal lesion size (mean reduction 6 w after treatment) | 59% | 61% | |||||
Adverse drug reactions | 1a/31 (2,8%) | 1a/30 (2,9%) | |||||
Soheilian, 2011 | Iran | N = 68 Intervention = 34 Control = 34 | Clindamycin + dexamethasone Administration route: intravitreal | PYR + SDZ + folinic acid + prednisolone Administration route: oral | Improvement in VA | NR | NR |
Changes in VA (increase) | 0,44 ± 0,24 logMAR | 0,29 ± 0,19 logMAR | |||||
Number of recurrences (eyes) | 2 | 2 | |||||
Ocular inflammation (trace or no vitreous cells) | 15 (51,7%) | 15 (55,5%) | |||||
Retinal lesion size (calculated in pixels using MATLAB environment) | 116,994 +—143,997 Pixels | 89,606 +—651,553 pixels | |||||
Adverse drug reactions (all) | 4/34 | 2a/36 |