Methods
Literature Search
Review Inclusion and Exclusion Criteria
Identification of Axillary Recurrence
Statistical Analysis
Results
Description of Study Data
ARR After Micrometastases/ITCs are Found in the Sentinel Node
Study | Year | No. patients | Median age (y) | T1 (%) | LVI present (%) | Breast-conserving therapy (%) | Chemo/hormone therapy (%) | Adjuvant RT axilla (%) | Follow-up (mo), median (range) | Axillary recurrence, n (%) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Yi et al.22
| 2010 | 1,767 | 61 | 69 | NM | 79b
| NR | NM | 50a
| 2 (0.1 %)a,b
|
Giuliano et al.9
| 2010 | 160 | 54 | 70 | 36 | 100 | 60/48b
| NM | 76 | 1 (0.9 %)a
|
Takei et al.19
| 2010 | 100 | 55 | 30 | 78 | 92b
| 19/77b
| 52b
| 58a
| 0 |
Cyr et al.23
| 2010 | 61 | 57 | 72 | 21 | 84 | 67a
| NM | 60 (2–112) | 1 (1.6 %) |
Yegiyants et al.24
| 2010 | 33 | 57 | 66 | 43 | 100b
| 92/76b
| 0 | 79 (6–142) | 1 (3.0 %) |
Meretoja et al.25
| 2010 | 48 | 67 | NM | NM | 44b
| 16/75b
| 13b
| 37 (9–78) | 0 |
Degnim et al.26
| 2010 | 50 | 57 | 70 | 0 | 100 | 64 | 14 | 38 (<1–104)a
| 0 |
Pugliese et al.27
| 2010 | 76 | 59 | NM | 21 | 72 | 63/90 | 4.6 | 76.8 | 0 |
Bilimoria et al.10
| 2009 | 530 | 58a
| 63a
| NM | 81b
| 71/74b
| NM | 64 (60–72) | 3 (0.6 %) |
Pernas et al.28
| 2009 | 45 | 55 | NM | 9 | 100 | 100 | NM | 60 (8–94) | 0 |
Langer et al.20
| 2009 | 27 | 62 | 72a
| NM | 52 | 20/76c
| NM | 77 (24–106) | 0 |
Zakaria et al.29
| 2008 | 69 | 62 | 62 | 29 | 60b
| 53/87b
| 19b
| 30 (3–66) | 0 |
Cox et al.30
| 2008 | 25 | 59 | 72 | 68 | NM | 36/32 | NM | 20.4 (12–84) | 0 |
Hwang et al.16
| 2007 | 157 | 56 | 72 | 22 | 69b
| 56/27b
| 58b
| 30 (1–62) | 0 |
Schulze et al.31
| 2006 | 5 | 64c
| 100a
| 0 | 74b
| 3/68a
| NM | 49 (+/NM 17)a
| 0 |
Haid et al.32
| 2006 | 8 | 59a
| 77a
| NM | 87b
| 32/93a
| NM | 47 (7–90) | 0 |
Swenson et al.33
| 2005 | 63 | 59a
| 82a
| NM | 75a
| 42/58a
| NM | 33 (2–73) | 1 (1.6 %) |
Schrenk et al.34
| 2005 | 16 | 59a
| 61a
| NM | 78a
| NR | 0 | 48 | 0 |
Jeruss et al.15
| 2005 | 73 | 58a
| 57a
| NM | 74a
| 85/70a
| NM | 28 (1–98) | 0 |
Fan et al.35
| 2005 | 27 | 53a
| 71 | 28 | NM | NR | 63 | 31 (6–76) | 1 (3.7 %) |
Chagpar et al.36
| 2005 | 15 | 57a
| 89a
| 2 | 86a
| 33 | NM | 40 (1–54) | 0 |
Carlo et al.37
| 2005 | 20 | 57a
| 84a
| NM | 92a
| 100 | NM | 60a
| 0 |
Fournier et al.38
| 2004 | 6 | 53a
| 74 | NM | NM | NR | NM | 12 (3–30) | 0 |
Guenther et al.14
| 2003 | 39 | 62 | 67 | NM | NM | 100 | 2 | 32 (4–61) | 0 |
Ganaraj et al.39
| 2003 | 17 | 53a
| 59 | 46 | NM | NR | NM | 30 | 0 |
Fan et al.40
| 2003 | 27 | NM | 81 | NM | 100 | 100 | 3 | 30 (21–48) | 0 |
Liang et al.41
| 2001 | 4 | 55a
| NM | NM | NM | 53/47 | NM | 14 (1–27) | 0 |
ARR After Macrometastases are Found in the Sentinel Node
Source | Year | No. patients | Median age (y) | T1 (%) | LVI present (%) | Breast-conserving therapy (%) | Chemo/hormone therapy (%) | Adjuvant RT axilla (%) | Follow-up (mo), median (range) | Axillary recurrence, n (%) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Yi et al.22
| 2010 | 1,473 | 61 | 69 | NM | 79b
| NR | NM | 50a
| 3 (0.2 %) |
Giuliano et al.9
| 2010 | 199 | 54 | 70 | 36 | 100 | 60/48b
| NM | 76 | 2 (0.9 %)b
|
Takei et al.19
| 2010 | 32 | 55 | 30 | 78 | 92b
| 19/77b
| 52b
| 58a
| 0 |
Yegiyants et al.24
| 2010 | 14 | 57 | 66 | 43 | 100 | 92/76b
| 0 | 79 (6–142) | 1 (7.1 %) |
Bilimoria et al.10
| 2009 | 1,458 | 58a
| 63a
| NM | 81b
| 71/74b
| NM | 64 (60–72) | 18 (1.2 %) |
Zakaria et al.29
| 2008 | 17 | 62 | 62 | 29 | 60b
| 53/87b
| 19b
| 30 (3–66) | 0 |
Hwang et al.16
| 2007 | 39 | 56 | 72 | 22 | 69b
| 56/27b
| 58b
| 30 (1–62) | 0 |
Schulze et al.31
| 2006 | 1 | 64c
| 100a
| 0 | 74b
| 3/68a
| NM | 49 (+/NM 17)a
| 0 |
Haid et al.32
| 2006 | 2 | 59a
| 77a
| NM | 87b
| 32/93a
| NM | 47 (7–90) | 0 |
Swenson et al.33
| 2005 | 4 | 59a
| 82a
| NM | 75b
| 42/58a
| NM | 33 (2–73) | 0 |
Schrenk et al.34
| 2005 | 4 | 59a
| 61a
| NM | 29b
| NR | 0 | 48 | 0 |
Fan et al.35
| 2005 | 11 | 53a
| 71 | 28 | NM | NR | 63b
| 31 (6–76) | 0 |
Chagpar et al.36
| 2005 | 1 | 57a
| 89a
| 2 | 86b
| 33b
| NM | 40 (1–54) | 0 |
Carlo et al.37
| 2005 | 2 | 57a
| 84a
| NM | 92a
| 100 | NM | 60a
| 0 |
Guenther et al.14
| 2003 | 7 | 62 | 67 | NM | NM | 100 | 2b
| 32 (4–61) | 0 |
Fant et al.40
| 2003 | 4 | NM | 81 | NM | NM | 100 | 3b
| 30 (21–48) | 0 |
Source | Year | No. patients | Median age (y) | T1 (%) | LVI present (%) | Breast-conserving therapy (%) | Chemo/hormone therapy (%) | Adjuvant RT axilla (%) | Follow-up (mo), median (range) | Axillary recurrence, n (%) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Giuliano et al.9
| 2010 | 66 | 54b
| 70 | 36 | 100 | 60/48b
| NM | 76 | 1 (0.9 %)b
|
Geertsema et al.43
| 2010 | 39 | 60a
| 64a
| NM | NM | NM | NM | 40b
| 0 |
Park et al.21
| 2007 | 287 | 59 | 78 | 22 | 68 | NR | 15 | 23 (6–87) | 6 (2.1 %) |
Calhoun et al.42
| 2005 | 17 | 64 | 65 | NM | NM | 88 | NM | 81a
| 0 |
Discussion
Favorable characteristic | Studya
| ALND | SLNB only |
---|---|---|---|
Tumor size <2 cm (%) | Yi et al. | 50.4 | 68.6 |
Giuliano et al. | 67.9 | 70.6 | |
Takei et al. | x | 29.5 | |
Bilimoria et al. | 49.1 | 62.9 | |
Hwang et al. | x | 72.4 | |
Park et al. | 62 | 78 | |
Radiotherapy (%) | Yi et al. | 53.6 | 59.9 |
Giuliano et al. | NM | NM | |
Takei et al. | x | 84.8 | |
Bilimoria et al. | 72.1b
| 72.1b
| |
Hwang et al. | x | 58.2 | |
Park et al. | NM | 15 | |
Median age (y) | Yi et al. | 55 | 60 |
Giuliano et al. | 56 | 54 | |
Takei et al. | x | 55 | |
Bilimoria et al. | 56 | 58 | |
Hwang et al. | x | 56 | |
Park et al. | 52 | 59 | |
Breast-conserving surgery (%) | Yi et al. | 53.9 | 78.7 |
Giuliano et al. | 100 | 100 | |
Takei et al. | x | 92.4 | |
Bilimoria et al. | 49.6 | 81.4 | |
Hwang et al. | x | 68.9 | |
Park et al. | 55 | 68 | |
Micrometastases (%) | Yi et al. | 17.2 | 54.5 |
Giuliano et al. | 37.5 | 44.8 | |
Takei et al. | x | 56.8 | |
Bilimoria et al. | 8.5 | 18.2 | |
Hwang et al. | x | 45.9 | |
Park et al. | NM | NM | |
No. of LNs removed, median (range) | Yi et al. | 15 (9–64) | 2 (1–5) |
Giuliano et al. | 17 | 2 | |
Takei et al. | x | 3 (1–11) | |
Bilimoria et al. | 15 (12–20) | 2 (1–3) | |
Hwang et al. | x | 3 (1–14) | |
Park et al. | >10 | NM (1–9) |