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ORIGINAL RESEARCHASTHMAA Randomized Trial of a Self-Regulation Intervention for Women With Asthma
Section snippets
Study Design and Sample
A random controlled study design was employed using two groups of female patients at the University of Michigan Health System (UMHS) who met the study criteria. Because a range of factors was expected to influence outcomes beyond asthma severity, the decision was made not to match women in the two groups with respect to disease severity. Patients were randomly assigned to an intervention group or a usual-care group. Usual care within the UMHS comprises treatment based on National Asthma
Randomization Status
Table 2 shows that there were no statistically significant differences between the intervention and control groups at baseline for any demographic variable, for the percentage of women from specialty clinics or for medication use, and for the asthma severity classification based on nighttime symptoms when comparing the four categories of asthma severity (ie, mild intermittent, mild, moderate, and severe persistent) separately. As noted, when all women reporting persistent asthma were compared
Discussion
To the investigators' knowledge, this is the first study to assess the effect on health outcomes of an asthma self-regulation intervention specifically addressing the perspective of female patients and their particular sex role-related and gender role-related management challenges. Symptom reduction is an important goal in asthma control, and the findings illustrate that the intervention significantly improved nighttime symptoms for program participants, but it had no significant effect on
Conclusion
Women in the treatment group receiving education focused on the particular management problems of a woman with asthma exhibited significant improvements in their symptoms, health-care use, quality of life, days of missed work or school, levels of self-regulation, and their self-confidence to manage asthma compared to women receiving conventional asthma education 1 year subsequent to the completion of the program.
There are implications for clinical practice in these findings. The consideration
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The authors would especially like to thank Jimmy Yu, Martha DeRoeck, Jane Burton, and Susan Dara for their contributions.
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The research was supported by grant 1 R18 HL60884–01 from the Division of Lung Diseases of the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute.
The authors have reported to the ACCP that no significant conflicts of interest exist with any companies/organizations whose products or services may be discussed in this article.