Chest
Original ResearchSleep MedicineThe Influence of Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Gender on Genioglossus Activity During Rapid Eye Movement Sleep
Section snippets
Subjects
Periods of wakefulness and stable NREM and REM sleep were identified (see data analysis section for further detail) in 20 subjects (10 women). Although some of our subjects participated in a prior experiment,15 none of the findings of the present study have been previously reported. Eight subjects (four women) had OSA and reported nightly use of CPAP for at least 3 months before participation in the study. The remaining subjects were healthy individuals (six women) without reported history of
Anthropometric Characteristics
The mean age and the body mass index of the 20 subjects were 42 ± 3 years and 29 ± 2 kg/m2, respectively. Male and female participants did not differ in age (40 ± 3 vs 44 ± 4 years, respectively; p = 0.452) or body mass index (29 ± 2 vs 29 ± 2 kg/m2, respectively; p = 0.879). OSA patients had severe disease with an apnea-hypopnea index of 51 ± 10 events per hour (range, 13 to 94 events per hour). OSA patients were older (48 ± 3 vs 37 ± 3 years, respectively; p = 0.047) and had higher body mass
Discussion
The main finding of this study was that phasic and tonic GGEMG activity decreased considerably from wakefulness to stable NREM to REM sleep in both healthy subjects and patients with OSA on CPAP. The presence of eye movements during REM sleep was associated with further decrements in peak GGEMG activity. These data are in concordance with the few previous studies in this area, but they extend these prior observations by fully characterizing the extent of these reductions and determining that
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Cited by (0)
This study was supported by National Institutes of Health grants P50 HL60292, R01 HL085188-01, RO1-HL73146, AG024837-01, and RR01032; and by American Heart Association grants 0635318N and 0840159N. Dr. Eckert is supported by the Thoracic Society of Australia and New Zealand/Allen and Hanbury's Respiratory Research Fellowship.
Dr. Malhotra has received consulting and/or research income from Respironics, Restore/Medtronic, NMT Medical, Apnex Medical, Itamar Medical, Pfizer, Cephalon, and Inspiration Medical. Dr. White is Chief Medical Officer for Respironics Inc. Drs. Eckert, Lo, and Jordan have reported to the ACCP that no significant conflicts of interest exist with any companies/organizations whose products or services may be discussed in this article.
Reproduction of this article is prohibited without written permission from the American College of Chest Physicians (www.chestjournal.org/misc/reprints.shtml).