International Heart Journal
Online ISSN : 1349-3299
Print ISSN : 1349-2365
ISSN-L : 1349-2365
Clinical Studies
Prognostic Value of Circulating Regulatory T Cells for Worsening Heart Failure in Heart Failure Patients With Reduced Ejection Fraction
Naoko Okamoto, Takahisa Noma, Yasuhiro Ishihara, Yuka Miyauchi, Wataru Takabatake, Souichi Oomizu, Genji Yamaoka, Makoto Ishizawa, Tsunetatsu Namba, Kazushi Murakami, Yasuyoshi Iwado, Koji Ohmori, Masakazu Kohno
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Keywords: Inflammation
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2014 Volume 55 Issue 3 Pages 271-277

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Abstract

Regulatory T cells (Tregs) play a crucial role in the negative regulation of immune responses. Recent studies suggest that Tregs are involved in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and myocarditis. Here, we investigated the involvement of Tregs on worsening heart failure (HF) in patients with reduced ejection fraction (HF-REF). The study population consisted of 32 HF-REF patients who were hospitalized for worsening HF, and 18 control subjects. Cardiac function was evaluated by echocardiography. A single venous blood sample was collected before discharge. Circulating T cells were evaluated by flow cytometry. Tregs were defined as CD4+CD25+Foxp3+T cells, and the correlations between the frequency of Tregs and CRP, IL-6 and several echoparameters were analysed. Furthermore, all HF-REF patients were followed up to 12 months from discharge to examine the predictors of recurrent hospitalization.
In HF-REF patients, Tregs were significantly decreased (5.9 ± 1.4 versus 8.0 ± 2.2%, P < 0.01), while CD4+HLADR+T cells were increased (10.1 ± 5.4 versus 7.3 ± 3.1%, P < 0.05), compared with controls. Tregs were negatively correlated with left ventricular end-diastolic dimension, and levels of CRP and IL-6. Eleven of 32 HF-REF patients were rehospitalized for worsening HF within 12 months. Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that CD4/CD8 and frequency of Tregs were independent predictors for recurrent hospitalization. Furthermore, HF-REF patients expressing under 6% Treg/CD4+T cells showed a significantly higher incidence of recurrent hospitalization for worsening HF within 12 months.
Our data suggest that Tregs might be involved in the pathogenesis of decompensated HF, and may be a novel predictor of poor prognosis in HF-REF patients.

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© 2014 by the International Heart Journal Association
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