Abstract
Over the last decades estrogen has been recognized to be involved in normal brain function due to its neurothrophic and neuroprotective effects. Estrogen is intimately associated with neuronal survival, mitochondrial function, neuroinflammation and cognition through genomic as well as non-genomic pathways. It is also known that the neuroprotective actions mediated by estrogens are interlinked with the insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) signaling pathway. This review is mainly devoted to explore the physiological and pathophysiological effects of estrogen and its signaling pathways in the brain. The molecular mechanisms underlying these effects are also debated. Finally, we discuss the potential neuroprotection afforded by estrogens in Alzheimers disease pathophysiology focusing in the “window of opportunity” for the initiation of estrogen therapy as a critical factor in the fight against neurodegeneration.
Keywords: Alzheimer's disease, estrogen, IGF-1, mitochondria, neuroinflammation, neuroprotection
Current Aging Science
Title: Effects of Estrogen in the Brain: Is it a Neuroprotective Agent in Alzheimers Disease?
Volume: 3 Issue: 2
Author(s): Sonia C. Correia, Renato X. Santos, Susana Cardoso, Cristina Carvalho, Maria S. Santos, Catarina R. Oliveira and Paula I. Moreira
Affiliation:
Keywords: Alzheimer's disease, estrogen, IGF-1, mitochondria, neuroinflammation, neuroprotection
Abstract: Over the last decades estrogen has been recognized to be involved in normal brain function due to its neurothrophic and neuroprotective effects. Estrogen is intimately associated with neuronal survival, mitochondrial function, neuroinflammation and cognition through genomic as well as non-genomic pathways. It is also known that the neuroprotective actions mediated by estrogens are interlinked with the insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) signaling pathway. This review is mainly devoted to explore the physiological and pathophysiological effects of estrogen and its signaling pathways in the brain. The molecular mechanisms underlying these effects are also debated. Finally, we discuss the potential neuroprotection afforded by estrogens in Alzheimers disease pathophysiology focusing in the “window of opportunity” for the initiation of estrogen therapy as a critical factor in the fight against neurodegeneration.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
C. Correia Sonia, X. Santos Renato, Cardoso Susana, Carvalho Cristina, S. Santos Maria, R. Oliveira Catarina and I. Moreira Paula, Effects of Estrogen in the Brain: Is it a Neuroprotective Agent in Alzheimers Disease?, Current Aging Science 2010; 3 (2) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874609811003020113
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874609811003020113 |
Print ISSN 1874-6098 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1874-6128 |
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
Related Articles
-
The Ubiquitin-Proteasome System and Proteasome Inhibitors in Central Nervous System Diseases
Cardiovascular & Hematological Disorders-Drug Targets Cell Survival Signaling in Neuroblastoma
Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Dual-acting of Hybrid Compounds - A New Dawn in the Discovery of Multi-target Drugs: Lead Generation Approaches
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry Pro-apoptotic Activity of BH3-only Proteins and BH3 Mimetics: from Theory to Potential Cancer Therapy
Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry The Metabolite Trimethylamine-N-Oxide is an Emergent Biomarker of Human Health
Current Medicinal Chemistry On Generating Uniform Bottom Shear Stress. Part II: Shear Stress Inducing Devices
Recent Patents on Chemical Engineering Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor Interaction with β -Amyloid: Molecular, Cellular, and Physiological Consequences
Current Alzheimer Research Calcium Level Controlling Activities of Novel Derivatives of Amlodipine,Riodipine and Cerebrocrast
Letters in Drug Design & Discovery Chemopreventive Properties of Tolfenamic Acid: A Mechanistic Review
Current Medicinal Chemistry Potential Beneficial Effects of Garlic in Oncohematology
Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry Emerging Roles of Meis1 in Cardiac Regeneration, Stem Cells and Cancer
Current Drug Targets Cytotoxicity and Target Modulation in Pediatric Solid Tumors by the Proteasome Inhibitor Carfilzomib
Current Cancer Drug Targets Theranostic Applications of Nanomaterials in Alzheimer’s Disease: A Multifunctional Approach
Current Pharmaceutical Design Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors: An Attractive Strategy for Cancer Therapy
Current Medicinal Chemistry Target Genetic Abnormalities for the Treatment of Colon Cancer and Its Progression to Metastasis
Current Drug Targets Design Strategies, Structures and Molecular Interactions of Small Molecule Src Inhibitors
Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Bacopa monnieri Prophylaxis Abrogates 3-nitropropionic Acid Induced Brain Mitochondrial Oxidative Stress Among Prepubertal Mice: In Vitro and In Vivo Evidences
Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering (Discontinued) Alzheimers Disease: Interactions Between Cholinergic Functions and β- amyloid
Current Alzheimer Research The Problem of Amino Acid Complementarity and Antisense Peptides
Current Protein & Peptide Science In Vitro Regulatory Effect of Epididymal Serpin CRES on Protease Activity of Proprotein Convertase PC4/PCSK4
Current Molecular Medicine