Srpski arhiv za celokupno lekarstvo 2012 Volume 140, Issue 3-4, Pages: 179-183
https://doi.org/10.2298/SARH1204179P
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Antibiotic resistance of uropathogens in newborns and young children with acute pyelonephritis
Peco-Antić Amira (Medicinski fakultet, Beograd)
Paripović Dušan (Univerzitetska dečja klinika, Beograd)
Buljugić Svetlana (Univerzitetska dečja klinika, Beograd)
Kruščić Divna (Univerzitetska dečja klinika, Beograd)
Spasojević Brankica (Univerzitetska dečja klinika, Beograd)
Cvetković Mirjana (Univerzitetska dečja klinika, Beograd)
Kostić Mirjana (Univerzitetska dečja klinika, Beograd)
Laban-Nestorović Suzana (Univerzitetska dečja klinika, Beograd)
Miloševski-Lomić Gordana (Univerzitetska dečja klinika, Beograd)
Introduction. Urinary tract infection is common in childhood. Depending on
the localization of the infection, severity of its clinical presentation and
possible acute and long-term complications, it may be described as either
acute cystitis or acute pyelonephritis. Objective. The aim of this study was
to assess the resistance patterns of uropathogens during the last 5 years in
newborns and young children with acute pyelonephritis. Methods. Uropathogens
resistance to commonly usable anti-microbial agents (ampicillin, a
combination of sulphamethoxasole and trimethoprim, cephalexin, ceftriaxone,
cefotaxime, ceftazidime, gentamycin, amikacin, ciprofloxacin, imipenem and
nalidixic acid) was retrospectively studied in newborns and young children
treated during early (2005-2007) and late (2008-2009) study periods.
Anti-bacterial susceptibility testing of the urine isolates was performed by
the standard disc diffusion method. Results. 117 newborns and 294 children
aged 9.3±0.7 months were treated during early (n=136) or late (n=275) study
period due to the first episode of acute pyelonephritis. Escherichia coli was
the most common bacterial pathogen (85.5%). Compared to children older than
one month, newborns had higher degree of antibacterial resistance to 2nd and
3rd generation cephalosporins, aminoglycosides, and nalidixic acid during
early, and to ceftazidime, aminoglycosides and nalidixic acid during late
study period. Also, multidrug resistance was more common in newborns during
the early study period. Conclusion. Newborns had higher rate of antibacterial
resistance than young children. The progressive increase of anti-microbial
resistance in children with acute pyelonephritis is of great concern.
Keywords: antimicrobial agents, urinary tract infection, Escherichia coli, bacterial resistance, children