Evaluation of CXCL10, CXCL11, CXCL12 and CXCL13 chemokines in serum and cerebrospinal fluid in patients with tick borne encephalitis (TBE)
Section snippets
INTRODUCTION
Chemokines are a large family of chemotactic cytokines produced by leucocytes, fibroblasts, keratinocytes and the other tissue cells. The name is derived from their ability to induce directed chemotaxis in nearby responsive cells. Some chemokines are considered to be pro-inflammatory and can be induced during an immune response to promote cells of the immune system to a site of infection, while others are considered homeostatic and are involved in controlling the migration of cells during
MATERIAL AND METHODS
Twenty three patients hospitalized in The Department of Infectious Diseases and Neuroinfections of Medical University in Białystok, Poland were included in the study. Patients were divided into 2 groups:
TBE- patients with confirmed TBE based on clinical picture, CSF examination and antibodies against TBE in serum and CSF: 15 patients (6 women, 9 men; aged 27 to 75, x =43 years).
CG- control group: patie.nts with suspected and excluded infection of CNS by CSF evaluation (no pleocytosis, normal
RESULTS
Serum concentration of CXCL10 and CXCL13 were significantly increased in comparison with controls in an acute phase of TBE (p<0.05). After clinical recovery the concentration of both cytokines did not significantly decrease in comparison with TBE1 (Tab. 1, Tab. 3).
CSF concentration of CXCL10, CXCL11, CXCL12 and CXCL13 were slightly higher than in the serum. Only concentration of CXCL10 was significantly higher (p<0.05) (Tab. 1, Tab. 2, Tab. 3).
CXCL13 concentration in CG was below detection
DISCUSSION
Chemokines may be used as biomarkers of inflammatory process in CNS. In our study the concentrations of CXCL10 and CXCL13 in serum and all examined chemokines in CSF were higher than in controls. ROC curves show that concentrations of these molecules in serum as well as in CSF differentiate patients with TBE and controls. It is worth emphasizing that the chemokines persist in serum and CSF even after clinical recovery when inflammatory CSF parameters (pleocytosis, protein concentration) have
CONCLUSIONS
Based on ROC curves analysis we conclude that CXCL10, CXCL11, CXCL12, CXCL13 concentrations in CSF and CXCL10, CXCL13 in serum may be good biomarkers of the TBEV-induced CNS inflammation as they clearly discriminate TBE patients from controls. Moreover CSF CXCL10 and serum CXCL13 may be used to monitor patient's recovery. However the interpretation of results of our study are limited by the small number of patients and further studies are needed.
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