Seven cases of xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis are presented, and their clinicopathological appearance is described. Three men and 4 women with xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis, aged 53-72 years old, were reviewed. Five patients had had previous attacks of acute cholecystitis lasting from 3 weeks to 6 months. Abdominal ultrasonography was performed in all patients, and computed tomography in 5 patients. Cholelithiasis and sludge were present in all patients. The gallbladder wall was thickened in all patients. On computed tomography, one patient showed no abnormal finding, and 4 patients had abnormal findings such as increased wall thickness and irregularity, and pericholecystic abnormalities. A diagnosis of gallbladder carcinoma was made preoperatively in 1 patient. During laparotomy, the gallbladders in all patients showed signs of chronic cholecystitis, and cholecystectomies were performed. Histological findings showed xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis, and 4 patients had stones in the gallbladder wall. Despite the characteristic histologic appearance of xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis, radiologic findings are nonspecific, varying from signs observed in other forms of cholecystitis to the appearance of a gallbladder neoplasm. We report here 7 cases of xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis and review the literature.