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Surface ultrastructure of Heterophyes nocens (Trematoda: Heterophyidae)
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Korean J Parasito > Volume 30(2):1992 > Article

Original Article
Korean J Parasitol. 1992 Jun;30(2):75-82. English.
Published online Mar 20, 1994.  http://dx.doi.org/10.3347/kjp.1992.30.2.75
Copyright © 1992 by The Korean Society for Parasitology
Surface ultrastructure of Heterophyes nocens (Trematoda: Heterophyidae)
J Y Chai,H L Chung,M H Choi,W M Sohn,*S J Hong,** and S H Lee
Department of Parasitology and Institute of Endemic Diseases, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 110-799, Korea.
*Department of Parasitology, College of Medicine, Inje University, Pusan 614-735, Korea.
**Department of Parasitology and Institute of Endemic Diseases, School of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Chinhy 660-280, Korea.
Abstract

The surface ultrastructure of Heterophyes nocens (Trematoda: Heterophyidae) was studied by scanning electron microscopy(SEM). The adult worms were recovered from experimentally infected cats and from a naturally infected patient. They were leaf-like, ventrally concave, and ovoid or pyriform in shape. Ciliated knob-like sensory papillae (type I) were observed in single or grouped forms on and around the oral sucker, whereas non-ciliated round swellings (type II papillae) were seen on the lip of the ventral sucker. The tegumental spines around the oral sucker were 5-9 pointed, whereas those between the two suckers were 12-17 pointed. Ventrolaterally, three groups of 5-6 type I papillae were located between the oral and ventral suckers, with single ones alternating between them. The genital sucker was protruded or depressed, depending on the contraction state of the flukes, and the gonotyl spine number ranged 50-60. The number of tip points of tegumental spines was decreased posteriorly; finally they became 1-3 pointed. On the dorsal surface, 4 groups of 4-5 type I papillae were symmetrically located on both lateral sides, and the shape and distribution of tegumental spines were similar to those of the ventral surface. Although the tegumental ultrastructure of H. nocens was generally similar to those of other heterophyids, the genital sucker morphology including the number of gonotyl spines and/or the distribution pattern of tegumental spines and sensory papillae were suggested to be the characteristic features of H. nocens.

Figures


Figs. 1~4
Scanning electron micrographs of adult H. nocens recovered from an experimental cat. 1. Ventral view of whole worm. CS: oral sucker, VS: ventral sucker, GS: genital sucker, EP: excretory pore. Bar = 110 µm. 2. Type I sensory papillae in single or grouped forms on and around the lip of the oral sucker. Bar=13 µm. 3. The tegument between the oral and ventral suckers showing 12~17 pointed tegumental spines and a type I papilla (arrow). Bar=3 µm. 4. Grouped type I papillae around the oral sucker. Bar=3 µm.


Fig. 5
Schematic view of the distribution pattern of sensory papillae of H. nocens. The grouped type I papillae on the ventral surface (Right, large solid circle) and those on the dorsal surface (Left, large broken circle) are depicted. The type II papillae on the lip of the ventral sucker (Right, small solid circle) are also shown. OS: oral sucker, VS: ventral sucker, GS: genital sucker.


Figs. 6-11
Scanning electron micrographs of H. nocens from an experimental cat (Figs. 6 & 8~11) or a naturally infected man (Fig. 7). 6. The lip of ventral sucker with type II papillae (arrows). The gonotyl of the genital sucker (GS) is slightly protruded, but gonotyl spines are not seen in this specimen. Bar=20 µm. 7. A protruded genital sucker (gonotyl) with gonotyl spines (arrows). The tegument and spines were destroyed due to the effect of bithinol. Bar=20 µm. 8. Tegumental spines around the ventral sucker, the tips of which are divided into 8~18 points. Two type I papillae (arrows) are seen. Bar=3µm. 9. The tegument posterior to the ventral sucker, covered with 8~12 pointed spines. Bar=5 µm. 10. Scale-shaped tegumental spines on anterior half of the dorsal surface. Grouped type I papillae are seen. Bar=7 µm. 11. tegumental spines and grouped type I papillae on posterior half of the dorsal surface. Bar=3 µm.

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