Dietary supplementation with cis-9,trans-11 conjugated linoleic acid and aortic stiffness in overweight and obese adults123

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Background: Animal studies suggest that dietary cis-9,trans-11 (c9,t11) conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) may inhibit or regress the development of atherosclerosis. The effect of CLA on atherosclerosis has not been assessed in humans.

Objective: We investigated the effect of c9,t11 CLA supplementation on aortic pulse wave velocity (a marker of atherosclerosis) and on cardiovascular risk factors in overweight and obese but otherwise apparently healthy subjects.

Design: In a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, parallel-group trial, we randomly assigned 401 subjects, aged 40–70 y and with a body mass index (in kg/m2) ≥ 25, to receive either 4 g CLA/d (2.5 g c9,t11 CLA/d and 0.6 g trans-10,cis-12 CLA/d) or placebo supplements for 6 mo. Aortic pulse wave velocity, blood pressure, anthropometric characteristics, and concentrations of fasting lipid, glucose, insulin, and C-reactive protein were measured before and after supplementation.

Results: During the intervention, mean (±SE) pulse wave velocity did not change in the c9,t11 CLA group (Δ0.00 ± 0.07) compared with the placebo group (Δ0.09 ± 0.06). There was no effect of c9,t11 CLA supplementation on blood pressure, body composition, insulin resistance, or concentrations of lipid, glucose, and C-reactive protein.

Conclusion: This study does not support an antiatherosclerotic effect or an effect on cardiovascular risk factors of c9,t11 CLA. This trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00706745.

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1

From the Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands (IS, YP, and MLB); the University of Aberdeen, Rowett Institute of Nutrition and Health, Aberdeen, United Kingdom (BdR); and Lipid Nutrition, Wormerveer, Netherlands (LIM).

2

Supported by a grant from the Dutch Ministry of Economic Affairs (SENTER-NOVEM, Food and Nutrition Delta Phase 2) and by a grant from Lipid Nutrition BV, Wormerveer, Netherlands. Lipid Nutrition is a commercial company focused on developing and producing specialty fats and oils.

3

Address correspondence to I Sluijs, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Str 6.131, PO Box 85500, 3508 GA Utrecht, Netherlands. E-mail: [email protected].

Copyright © 2010 American Society for Nutrition. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.