The serum phosphorus level is recently considered as one of the foretelling markers for the severity of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). We therefore investigated whether the serum phosphorus level in the diabetic patients against healthy individuals could act as a possible marker for identification of vulnerability to cardiovascular disease. One hundred and thirty two human subjects were involved in the study among which one hundred and four subjects are CVD patients and twenty eight were healthy individuals. The levels of the lipid profile and the glycemic status were significantly increased in the patients than those of the control subjects (Fasting glucose, FS=8.3±0.3 vs. 6.1±0.0 mmol/L; blood glucose 2 h after breakfast (STAB)=12.0±0.5 vs. 8.5±0.7, mmol/L; HbA1c (%),6.7±0.2 vs. 5.4±0.3; and Total cholesterol (TC)=189±4.0 vs. 162±7.0; low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), 111±3.8 vs. 96±5.0; triacyglycerol (TG), 202±9.0 vs. 118±5.3 mg/dL, respectively. The serum phosphorus level was significantly increased in CVD patients (mg/dL, patient vs. control, 5.1±0.10 vs. 3.7±0.1). Simple regression analyses revealed a highly significant positive correlation between serum phosphorus and TC, TG and FG. Thus the results demonstrate that the serum phosphorus level might be another parameter which is closely associated with diabetes and could also be used as a possible marker for the risk of CVD.