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Erschienen in: Diabetologia 1/2018

02.09.2017 | Article

Live attenuated enterovirus vaccine (OPV) is not associated with islet autoimmunity in children with genetic susceptibility to type 1 diabetes: prospective cohort study

verfasst von: Hanna Viskari, Sami Oikarinen, Sanna Hoppu, Tytti Vuorinen, Heini Huhtala, Jorma Toppari, Riitta Veijola, Jorma Ilonen, Mikael Knip, Heikki Hyöty

Erschienen in: Diabetologia | Ausgabe 1/2018

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Abstract

Aims/hypothesis

Animal and human studies have implied that enterovirus infections may modulate the risk of islet autoimmunity and type 1 diabetes. We set out to assess whether serial administration of live oral poliovirus vaccine (OPV) in early life can influence the initiation of islet autoimmunity in a cohort of genetically predisposed children.

Methods

OPV was administered to 64 children and a further 251 children received inactivated poliovirus vaccine (IPV). The emergence of type 1 diabetes-associated autoantibodies in serum (autoantibodies to GAD, insulinoma-associated protein 2, insulin and islet cells) was monitored during prospective follow-up. Stool and serum samples were collected for enterovirus detection by RT-PCR.

Results

Administration of OPV increased enterovirus detected in stool samples from 11.3% to 38.9% (p < 0.001) during the first year of life. During the follow-up (median 11.0 years), at least one autoantibody was detected in 17.2% of children vaccinated with OPV and 19.1% with IPV (p = 0.723). At least two autoantibodies were observed in 3.1% and 6.8% of children, respectively (p = 0.384).

Conclusions/interpretation

Replication of attenuated poliovirus strains in gut mucosa is not associated with an increased risk of islet autoimmunity.

Trial registration

ClinicalTrials.​gov: NCT02961595
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Metadaten
Titel
Live attenuated enterovirus vaccine (OPV) is not associated with islet autoimmunity in children with genetic susceptibility to type 1 diabetes: prospective cohort study
verfasst von
Hanna Viskari
Sami Oikarinen
Sanna Hoppu
Tytti Vuorinen
Heini Huhtala
Jorma Toppari
Riitta Veijola
Jorma Ilonen
Mikael Knip
Heikki Hyöty
Publikationsdatum
02.09.2017
Verlag
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Erschienen in
Diabetologia / Ausgabe 1/2018
Print ISSN: 0012-186X
Elektronische ISSN: 1432-0428
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00125-017-4410-4

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