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Erschienen in: Journal für Ästhetische Chirurgie 1/2021

28.01.2021 | Lymphome | Leitthema

„Breast implant illness“ – Fakt oder Fiktion?

verfasst von: J. Ernst, C. Andree, Prof. Dr. G. Germann

Erschienen in: Journal für Ästhetische Chirurgie | Ausgabe 1/2021

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Zusammenfassung

Brustvergrößerungen mit Implantaten gehören zu den häufigsten ästhetisch chirurgischen Eingriffen. Trotz jahrzehntelanger Erfahrung mit den unterschiedlichen Implantatgenerationen wird die Langzeitsicherheit von Brustimplantaten weiterhin diskutiert. Die Debatte erfuhr eine neue Dynamik, als vor 9 Jahren das ALCL (anaplastisches großzelliges Lymphom) in den wissenschaftlichen Fokus rückte. Mittlerweile ist die Korrelation mit makrotexturierten Implantaten eindeutig etabliert. In den letzten Jahren ist neben dem ALCL ein anderes Krankheitsbild in Erscheinung getreten, das sog. BIAI („breast implant associated illness“) oder BII („breast implant illness“). Dabei wird eine kausale Verbindung zwischen Brustimplantaten und systemischen Symptomen postuliert, die aus dem rheumatischen oder immunologischen Formenkreis stammen, wobei v. a. unspezifische Beschwerden wie Müdigkeit, Konzentrationsstörungen, Gelenkbeschwerden, Hautveränderungen und neurologische Symptome aufgeführt werden. Nach derzeitigem Wissensstand bleibt die genaue immunologische Pathogenese weiterhin ungeklärt. Häufig werden die Patientinnen, die über BII-Symptome klagen, als psychosomatisch überlagert abgetan, sodass viele Patientinnen auf anderen Wegen Rat suchen. Gerade in den sozialen Medien hat sich hier eine Paralleldiskussion etabliert, die von Selbsthilfegruppen dominiert wird und bei der doch in vielen Fällen leider keine wissenschaftlichen Daten einfließen. Es darf dabei nicht unberücksichtigt bleiben, dass auch Kollegen sich mit nicht belegbaren Aussagen in die mediale Diskussion einschalten und damit für eine weitere Verunsicherung der Patientinnen sorgen. Dieser Beitrag gibt einen Überblick über die Historie von Brustimplantaten und den Zusammenhang mit systemischen Erkrankungen sowie den aktuellen wissenschaftlichen Stand des BII-Syndroms im Zusammenhang mit Brustimplantaten.
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Metadaten
Titel
„Breast implant illness“ – Fakt oder Fiktion?
verfasst von
J. Ernst
C. Andree
Prof. Dr. G. Germann
Publikationsdatum
28.01.2021
Verlag
Springer Medizin
Erschienen in
Journal für Ästhetische Chirurgie / Ausgabe 1/2021
Print ISSN: 1867-4305
Elektronische ISSN: 1867-4313
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s12631-021-00249-x

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