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Erschienen in: Die Radiologie 2/2021

19.01.2021 | Magnetresonanztomografie | Leitthema

Multimodale, parametrische und genetische Brustbildgebung

verfasst von: Roberto LoGullo, MD, Joao Horvat, MD, Jeffrey Reiner, MD, Katja Pinker, MD PhD EBBI

Erschienen in: Die Radiologie | Ausgabe 2/2021

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Zusammenfassung

Klinisches/methodisches Problem

Die multiparametrische Magnetresonanztomographie (MRT) zielt auf die Darstellung, Beschreibung und Quantifizierung biologischer, physiologischer und pathologischer Prozesse auf zellulärer und molekularer Ebene ab und liefert wertvolle Informationen über die Schlüsselprozesse in der Krebsentstehung und -progression. „Omics“-Strategien (Genomics, Transcriptomics, Proteomics, Metabolomics) kommen heute in vielen Bereichen der Onkologie zum Einsatz.

Radiologische Standardverfahren

Die multiparametrische MRT der Brust umfasst derzeit die T2- und diffusionsgewichtete Bildgebung sowie die dynamische kontrastmittelverstärkte MRT (DCE-MRT).

Methodische Innovationen

Weitere Parameter, wie Protonen- Magnetresonanz Spektroskopie (MRS), „chemical exchange saturation transfer“ (CEST), die „blood oxygen level-dependent“ (BOLD), die hyperpolarisierte (HP) MRT oder die Lipid-MRS sind derzeit in Entwicklung und werden in der Brustkrebsdiagnostik evaluiert.

Bewertung

Radiogenomics ist eine neue Richtung in der medizinischen Wissenschaft, die durch signifikante Fortschritte in Bildgebungs- und Bildanalysemethoden sowie die Entwicklung von Techniken zur Extraktion und Korrelation verschiedenster Bildgebungsparameter mit „Omics“-Daten ermöglicht wurde. Radiogenomics hat das Ziel, Bildgebungscharakteristika (Phenotypen) mit Genexpressionsmustern, Genmutationen und weiteren genomassoziierten Eigenschaften zu korrelieren. Quantitative und qualitative Imaging-Biomarker erlauben Einblicke in die komplexe Tumorbiologie. Erste Ergebnisse legen nahe, dass Radiogemics eine wichtige Rolle in Diagnostik, Prognose und Behandlung von Brustkrebs spielen werden.

Empfehlung für die Praxis

Dieser Beitrag gibt einen Überblick über den derzeitigen Stand von Radiogenomics der Brust und zukünftige Anwendungen und Herausforderungen.
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Metadaten
Titel
Multimodale, parametrische und genetische Brustbildgebung
verfasst von
Roberto LoGullo, MD
Joao Horvat, MD
Jeffrey Reiner, MD
Katja Pinker, MD PhD EBBI
Publikationsdatum
19.01.2021
Verlag
Springer Medizin
Erschienen in
Die Radiologie / Ausgabe 2/2021
Print ISSN: 2731-7048
Elektronische ISSN: 2731-7056
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00117-020-00801-3

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