Background
Methods
Spiny mice
Body composition
Urine collection
Plasma collection
Measuring creatine
Gene expression
Gene | Accession number (GenBank) | Forward prime sequence (5′-3′) | Reverse primer sequence (3′-5′) | Source |
---|---|---|---|---|
CrT1
(SLC6A8)
| NM_133987.2 | TCCTGGCACTCATCAACAG | ATGAAGCCCTCCACACCTAC | [20] |
AGAT
(GATM)
| NM_025961 | TCACGCTTCTTTGAGTACCG | TCAGTCGTCACGAACTTTCC | [20] |
GAMT
| NM_010255.3 | TGGCACACTCACCAGTTCA | AAGGCATAGTAGCGGCAGTC | [20] |
Cyclophilin A
(PPIA)
| NM_017101.1 | CTGATGGCGAGCCCTTG | CTGCTGTCTTTGGAACTTTGTC | [20] |
Protein expression
Data analysis and statistics
Results
Body composition and organ weights
Dual X-ray Absorptiometry | Non-pregnant | Pregnant | Statistics |
---|---|---|---|
BMD (g/cm
2
)
| 0.066 ± 0.001 | 0.057 ± 0.001 |
<0.05
|
Tissue- Lean Mass (g)
| 24.9 ± 0.6 | 29.6 ± 1.3 |
<0.01
|
Tissue- Fat Mass (g)
| 8.7 ± 0.6 | 9.0 ± 0.6 |
NS
|
Organs | Non-pregnant | Pregnant | Statistics |
---|---|---|---|
Kidney (mg)
| 225.5 ± 11.0 | 305.1 ± 8.7 |
<0.01
|
Liver (g)
| 0.899 ± 0.001 | 1.26 ± 0.05 |
<0.01
|
Heart (mg)
| 119.5 ± 9.1 | 134.7 ± 4.1 |
<0.05
|
Brain (mg)
| 823.8 ± 12.9 | 864.6 ± 10.7 |
NS
|
Plasma and urinary creatine concentration
AGAT and GAMT expression
Brain | Heart | Gastrocnemius muscle | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Non-pregnant | Pregnant | Stats | Non-pregnant | Pregnant | Stats | Non-pregnant | Pregnant | Stats | |
AGAT mRNA
| 1.00 ± 0.06 | 0.48 ± 0.10 |
<0.01
| 1.00 ± 0.25 | 0.20 ± 0.02 |
<0.01
| 1.00 ± 0.11 | 0.40 ± 0.03 |
<0.01
|
AGAT Protein
| 1.00 ± 0.12 | 0.73 ± 0.18 |
NS
| 1.00 ± 0.26 | 0.46 ± 0.07 |
0.054
| 1.00 ± 0.45 | 1.23 ± 0.65 |
NS
|
GAMT mRNA
| 1.00 ± 0.15 | 0.23 ± 0.05 |
<0.001
| 1.00 ± 0.29 | 0.68 ± 0.05 |
NS
| 1.00 ± 0.13 | 0.78 ± 0.10 |
NS
|
GAMT Protein
| 1.00 ± 0.46 | 0.20 ± 0.07 |
0.05
| 1.00 ± 0.37 | 2.27 ± 0.35 |
<0.05
| 1.00 ± 0.42 | 0.77 ± 0.28 |
NS
|
Expression of CrT1 and tissue creatine content
Tissue creatine content | Non-pregnant | Pregnant | Statistics |
---|---|---|---|
Estimated Total Creatine per Organ (nmol)
| |||
Kidney
| 520.9 ± 48.36 | 912.61 ± 48.36 | <0.001 |
Liver
| 2432.4 ± 548.3 | 2554.1 ± 557.8 | NS |
Brain
| 14443.0 ± 399.9 | 12933.7 ± 1109.5 | NS |
Heart
| 1540.4 ± 107.7 | 1899.9 ± 72.36 | <0.05 |
Total Creatine (mmol/kg Dry Weight)
| |||
Gastrocnemius Muscle
| 136.1 ± 9.4 | 124.1 ± 3.0 | NS |