Mathematical determination of some oncological parameters and their therapeutic implications in dogs

Cancer is a serious life-threatening disease with increased morbidity and mortality in dogs. A number of cancers are diagnosed after metastasis has taken place when therapeutic intervention would have been useless. In view of this, mammary gland tumors and adenocarcinoma of the lungs were calculated using some established and revised formulas. The reported fundamental parameters were calculated using macroscopy. But the mathematical oncological analysis revealed that tumor doubling time (82.1–123.1 days) of adenocarcinoma of the lung was lower than that of complex mammary adenoma (101.3–151.9 days), complex carcinoma of the lung (215.5–323.2 days), and benign mammary gland tumor (810–1215 days), respectively, suggesting that adenocarcinoma of the lung proliferates faster than the remaining cancers. Cancer cells per year for adenocarcinoma (1.21 × 10⁸), benign mammary gland tumor (1.35 × 10⁹), complex mammary adenoma (1.4–3.3 × 10⁸), and complex carcinoma of the lung (3.4 × 10⁸) with benign mammary gland tumor metastasized and others were about to metastasize. Therefore, the formulas can be used in estimation of some oncological parameters such as tumor volume, tumor weight, and tumor doubling time. All the investigated tumors can be managed chemotherapeutically if detected early enough. However, adenocarcinoma of the lung may be proven very difficult to treat because of low tumor doubling, doubling time followed by complex mammary adenoma, and complex carcinoma of the lung. Hence, oncological parameters could serve as indices of successful therapeutic interventions.