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Erschienen in: Arthroskopie 4/2017

21.06.2017 | Gonarthrose | Leitthema

Mediale unikondyläre Kniearthroplastik mit fixiertem Polyethylen

verfasst von: PD Dr. med. Fabian von Knoch, Dr. med. Urs Munzinger

Erschienen in: Arthroskopie | Ausgabe 4/2017

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Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund

Die mediale unikondyläre Kniearthroplastik (UKA) ist eine etablierte Behandlungsoption bei fortgeschrittener medialer Gonarthrose.

Ziel der Arbeit

Die Voraussetzungen für eine erfolgreiche mediale UKA mit fixiertem Polyethylen werden in dieser Übersichtsarbeit behandelt – sorgfältige Indikationsstellung, Operationsplanung und präzise Operationstechnik.

Methoden

Im Unterschied zur Knietotalendoprothese erlaubt die UKA den Erhalt des lateralen und patellofemoralen Kompartiments sowie der Kreuzbänder und ist oft mit einer rascheren postoperativen Erholung, verbesserten Kniekinematik und Kniefunktion verbunden. Bei Verwendung von UKA mit fixiertem Polyethylen können auch ausgeprägte Varusdeformitäten korrigiert werden.

Schlussfolgerung

Der Erfolg der UKA hängt von einer sorgfältigen Patientenauswahl, detaillierten präoperativen Planung und Operationstechnik ab. Eine Erweiterung der klassischen Indikationskriterien für UKA halten die Autoren für gerechtfertigt. Drei Typen der mechanischen Varus-Deformität können unterschieden werden: Typ 1 (isolierte intraartikuläre Deformität), Typ 2 (übermäßige Deformität durch extraartikuläre Varusdeformität bei medialer UKA), Typ 3 (reduzierte Deformität durch extraartikuläre Valgusdeformität bei medialer UKA). Diese Deformitäten sollten bei der Operationstechnik berücksichtigt werden.
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Metadaten
Titel
Mediale unikondyläre Kniearthroplastik mit fixiertem Polyethylen
verfasst von
PD Dr. med. Fabian von Knoch
Dr. med. Urs Munzinger
Publikationsdatum
21.06.2017
Verlag
Springer Medizin
Erschienen in
Arthroskopie / Ausgabe 4/2017
Print ISSN: 0933-7946
Elektronische ISSN: 1434-3924
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00142-017-0151-0

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