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Erschienen in: Die Onkologie 7/2019

02.05.2019 | Radioiodtherapie | Leitthema

Medikamentöse Therapieoptionen beim radioiodrefraktären differenzierten Schilddrüsenkarzinom

Update 2019

verfasst von: Viktoria F. Koehler, James Nagarajah, Michael C. Kreißl, C. Benedikt Westphalen, Andrei Todica, Prof. Dr. Christine Spitzweg

Erschienen in: Die Onkologie | Ausgabe 7/2019

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Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund

Auf dem Boden internationaler Leitlinien der American and British Thyroid Association wird auch beim fortgeschrittenen Radioiodrefraktären differenzierten Schilddrüsenkarzinom (DTC) ein individualisiertes und risikoadaptiertes Vorgehen angestrebt.

Ergebnisse

Der selektive Einsatz der systemischen molekular gezielten Therapie erfolgt erst nach Ausschöpfen nebenwirkungsärmerer lokaler palliativer Therapieverfahren und wenn bei hoher Tumorlast und signifikantem Progress eine Watch-and-Wait-Strategie nicht mehr vertretbar ist. Neben den beiden zugelassenen Tyrosinkinaseinhibitoren (TKI) Lenvatinib und Sorafenib stehen eine Reihe weiterer TKI (Cabozantinib, Pazopanib, Sunitinib, Axitinib) sowie selektiver Inhibitoren (Everolimus, Dabrafenib ± Trametinib, Vemurafenib, Tropomyosin-Rezeptor-Kinase(TRK)- und RET-Inhibitoren) im Rahmen von Studien oder im individuellen Heilversuch zur Verfügung zum individualisierten Einsatz unter Berücksichtigung der Patientencharakteristika, einschließlich Alter, Komorbiditäten, individueller Patientenwunsch sowie Tumorcharakteristika. Von großem Potenzial ist auch die Möglichkeit der Reetablierung der Radioiodtherapie durch Reinduktion einer Radioiodaufnahme in den Tumor durch BRAF-Inhibition und/oder MEK-Inhibition, was derzeit in mehreren klinischen Studien untersucht wird. Um die molekular gezielten Therapiemöglichkeiten im Rahmen eines individualisierten Therapiekonzepts voll ausschöpfen zu können, wird heute beim Radioiodrefraktären DTC eine frühzeitige molekulargenetische Analyse des Tumorgewebes dringend empfohlen.

Schlussfolgerung

Um eine optimale individuelle Therapieplanung unter Ausschöpfung aller Therapieoptionen, einschließlich Einschluss in kontrollierte klinische Studien, zu gewährleisten, sollten Patienten mit fortgschrittenen Radioiodrefraktären DTC unbedingt von einem interdisziplinären Expertenteam an spezialisierten Zentren betreut werden.
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Metadaten
Titel
Medikamentöse Therapieoptionen beim radioiodrefraktären differenzierten Schilddrüsenkarzinom
Update 2019
verfasst von
Viktoria F. Koehler
James Nagarajah
Michael C. Kreißl
C. Benedikt Westphalen
Andrei Todica
Prof. Dr. Christine Spitzweg
Publikationsdatum
02.05.2019
Verlag
Springer Medizin
Erschienen in
Die Onkologie / Ausgabe 7/2019
Print ISSN: 2731-7226
Elektronische ISSN: 2731-7234
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00761-019-0568-3

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