nach oben

Sports Medicine

Erschienen in:

19.06.2018 | Review Article

Mental Fatigue Impairs Endurance Performance: A Physiological Explanation

verfasst von: Kristy Martin, Romain Meeusen, Kevin G. Thompson, Richard Keegan, Ben Rattray

Erschienen in: Sports Medicine | Ausgabe 9/2018

Einloggen, um Zugang zu erhalten

Abstract

Mental fatigue reflects a change in psychobiological state, caused by prolonged periods of demanding cognitive activity. It has been well documented that mental fatigue impairs cognitive performance; however, more recently, it has been demonstrated that endurance performance is also impaired by mental fatigue. The mechanism behind the detrimental effect of mental fatigue on endurance performance is poorly understood. Variables traditionally believed to limit endurance performance, such as heart rate, lactate accumulation and neuromuscular function, are unaffected by mental fatigue. Rather, it has been suggested that the negative impact of mental fatigue on endurance performance is primarily mediated by the greater perception of effort experienced by mentally fatigued participants. Pageaux et al. (Eur J Appl Physiol 114(5):1095–1105, 2014) first proposed that prolonged performance of a demanding cognitive task increases cerebral adenosine accumulation and that this accumulation may lead to the higher perception of effort experienced during subsequent endurance performance. This theoretical review looks at evidence to support and extend this hypothesis.

Marcora SM, Staiano W, Manning V. Mental fatigue impairs physical performance in humans. J Appl Physiol. 2009;106(3):857–64. https://doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.91324.2008.PubMedCrossRef

Meijman TF. The theory of the stop-emotion: on the functionality of fatigue. In: Pogorski D, Karwowski W, editors. Ergonomics and safety for global business quality and production. Warsaw: CIOP; 2000. p. 45–50.

Holding D. Fatigue stress and fatigue in human performance. Durham: Wiley; 1983.

van der Linden D, Frese M, Meijman TF. Mental fatigue and the control of cognitive processes: effects on perseveration and planning. Acta Psychol (Amst). 2003;113:45–65. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0001-6918(02)00150-6.PubMedCrossRef

Boksem MA, Meijman TF, Lorist MM. Effects of mental fatigue on attention: an ERP study. Brain Res Cogn Brain Res. 2005;25:107–16. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.04.011.PubMedCrossRef

Lorist MM, Boksem MAS, Ridderinkhof KR. Impaired cognitive control and reduced cingulate activity during mental fatigue. Cogn Brain Res. 2005;24:199–205. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.01.018.CrossRef

Van Cutsem J, Marcora S, De Pauw K, Bailey S, Meeusen R, Roelands B. The effects of mental fatigue on physical performance: a systematic review. Sports Med. 2017;47(8):1569–88. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-016-0672-0.PubMedCrossRef

Pageaux B, Marcora S, Lepers L. Prolonged mental exertion does not alter neuromuscular function of the knee extensors. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2013;45(12):2254–64.PubMedCrossRef

Pageaux B, Lepers R, Dietz KC, Marcora SM. Response inhibition impairs subsequent self-paced endurance performance. Eur J Appl Physiol. 2014;114(5):1095–105.PubMedCrossRef

10.

MacMahon C, Schücker L, Hagemann N, Strauss B. Cognitive fatigue effects on physical performance during running. J Sport Exerc Psychol. 2014;36(4):375–81.PubMedCrossRef

11.

Smith MR, Marcora SM, Coutts AJ. Mental fatigue impairs intermittent running performance. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2015;47(8):1682–90.PubMedCrossRef

12.

Smith MR, Coutts AJ, Merlini M, Deprez D, Lenoir M, Marcora SM. Mental fatigue impairs soccer-specific physical and technical performance. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2016;48(2):267–76.PubMedCrossRef

13.

Pageaux B, Marcora SM, Rozand V, Lepers R. Mental fatigue induced by prolonged self-regulation does not exacerbate central fatigue during subsequent whole-body endurance exercise. Front Hum Neurosci. 2015;9:67. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2015.00067.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef

14.

Pageaux B, Lepers R. Fatigue induced by physical and mental exertion increases perception of effort and impairs subsequent endurance performance. Front Physiol. 2016;7:587. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2016.00587.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef

15.

Pageaux B. Perception of effort in exercise science: definition, measurement and perspectives. Eur J Sport Sci. 2016;16(8):885–94.PubMedCrossRef

16.

Abbiss CR, Peiffer JJ, Meeusen R, Skorski S. Role of ratings of perceived exertion during self-paced exercise: what are we actually measuring? Sports Med. 2015;45(9):1235–43.PubMedCrossRef

17.

Marcora SM. Perception of effort. In: Goldstein EB, editor. Encyclopedia of perception. Thousand Oaks: Sage; 2010. p. 380–3.

18.

Borg G. Borg’s perceived exertion and pain scales. Champaign,: Human Kinetics; 1998.

19.

Marcora SM. Do we really need a central governor to explain brain regulation of exercise performance? Eur J Appl Physiol. 2008;104(5):929–31. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-008-0818-3.PubMedCrossRef

20.

Pageaux B. The psychobiological model of endurance performance: an effort-based decision-making theory to explain self-paced endurance performance. Sports Med. 2014;44(9):1319–20. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-014-0198-2.PubMedCrossRef

21.

Wright RA. Brehm’s theory of motivation as a model of effort and cardiovascular response. In: Gollwitzer PM, Bargh JA, editors. The psychology of action: linking cognition and motivation to behavior. New York: Guilford; 1996. p. 424–53.

22.

Marcora SM, Bosio A, de Morree HM. Locomotor muscle fatigue increases cardiorespiratory responses and reduces performance during intense cycling exercise independently from metabolic stress. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol. 2008;294:R874–83.PubMedCrossRef

23.

Brehm JW, Self EA. The intensity of motivation. Annu Rev Psychol. 1989;40:109–31.PubMedCrossRef

24.

Azevedo R, Silva-Cavalcante MD, Gualano B, Lima-Silva AE, Bertuzzi R. Effects of caffeine ingestion on endurance performance in mentally fatigued individuals. Eur J Appl Physiol. 2016;116(11–12):2293–303.PubMedCrossRef

25.

Chaudhuri A, Behan PO. Fatigue in neurological disorders. Lancet. 2004;363(9413):978–88.PubMedCrossRef

26.

Porkka-Heiskanen T. Adenosine in sleep and wakefulness. Ann Med. 1999;31:125–9.PubMedCrossRef

27.

Scammell TE. Overview of sleep: the neurologic processes of the sleep-wake cycle. J Clin Psychiatry. 2015;76(5):e13.PubMedCrossRef

28.

Dworak M, Diel P, Voss S, Hollmann W, Strüder HK. Intense exercise increases adenosine concentrations in rat brain: implications for a homeostatic sleep drive. Neuroscience. 2007;150(4):789–95.PubMedCrossRef

29.

Jarvis MJ. Does caffeine intake enhance absolute levels of cognitive performance? Psychopharmacology. 1993;110(1–2):45–52.PubMedCrossRef

30.

Meeusen R, Roelands B, Spriet LL. Caffeine, exercise and the brain. In: van Loon LJCMR, editor. Limits of human endurance. Basel: Karger Publishers; 2013. p. 1–12.

31.

Landolt HP, Rétey JV, Tönz K, Gottselig JM, Khatami R, Buckelmüller I, et al. Caffeine attenuates waking and sleep electroencephalographic markers of sleep homeostasis in humans. Neuropsychopharmacology. 2004;29(10):1933–9. https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.npp.1300526.PubMedCrossRef

32.

Dunwiddie TV, Masino SA. The role and regulation of adenosine in the central nervous system. Annu Rev Neurosci. 2001;24(1):31–55.PubMedCrossRef

33.

Moore KA, Nicoll RA, Schmitz D. Adenosine gates synaptic plasticity at hippocampal mossy fiber synapses. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2003;100(24):14397–402.PubMedCrossRef

34.

Myers S, Pugsley TA. Decrease in rat striatal dopamine synthesis and metabolism in vivo by metabolically stable adenosine receptor agonists. Brain Res. 1986;375:193–7.PubMedCrossRef

35.

Cunha RA. Adenosine as a neuromodulator and as a homeostatic regulator in the nervous system: different roles, different sources and different receptors. Neurochem Int. 2001;38(2):107–25.PubMedCrossRef

36.

Cunha RA. How does adenosine control neuronal dysfunction and neurodegeneration? J Neurochem. 2016;139(6):1019–55. https://doi.org/10.1111/jnc.13724.PubMedCrossRef

37.

Wang Y, Venton BJ. Correlation of transient adenosine release and oxygen changes in the caudate-putamen. J Neurochem. 2017;140(1):13–23.PubMedCrossRef

38.

Jackson EK, Kotermanski SE, Menshikova EV, Dubey RK, Jackson TC, Kochanek PM. Adenosine production by brain cells. J Neurochem. 2017;141(5):676–93.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef

39.

Dunwiddie TV, Hoffer BJ. Adenine nucleotides and synaptic transmission in the in vitro rat hippocampus. Br J Pharmacol. 1980;69(1):59–68.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef

40.

Sperlágh B, Vizi ES. The role of extracellular adenosine in chemical neurotransmission in the hippocampus and basal ganglia: pharmacological and clinical aspects. Curr Top Med Chem. 2011;11(8):1034–46. https://doi.org/10.2174/156802611795347564.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef

41.

Ross AE, Venton BJ. Adenosine transiently modulates stimulated dopamine release in the caudate–putamen via A1 receptors. J Neurochem. 2015;132(1):51–60.PubMedCrossRef

42.

Nguyen MD, Ross AE, Ryals M, Lee ST, Venton BJ. Clearance of rapid adenosine release is regulated by nucleoside transporters and metabolism. Pharmacol Res Perspect. 2015;3(6):e00189. https://doi.org/10.1002/prp2.189.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef

43.

Elmenhorst D, Elmenhorst EM, Hennecke E, Kroll T, Matusch A, Aeschbach D, et al. Recovery sleep after extended wakefulness restores elevated A1 adenosine receptor availability in the human brain. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2017;114(16):4243–8.PubMedCrossRef

44.

Carter CS, Braver TS, Barch DM, Botvinick MM, Noll D, Cohen JD. Anterior cingulate cortex, error detection, and the online monitoring of performance. Science. 1998;280(5364):747–9.PubMedCrossRef

45.

Pardo JV, Pardo PJ, Janer KW, Raichle ME. The anterior cingulate cortex mediates processing selection in the Stroop attentional conflict paradigm. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 1990;87(1):256–9.PubMedCrossRef

46.

Etkin A, Egner T, Kalisch R. Emotional processing in anterior cingulate and medial prefrontal cortex. Trends Cogn Sci. 2011;15(2):85–93.PubMedCrossRef

47.

Posner MI, Rothbart MK, Sheese BE, Tang Y. The anterior cingulate gyrus and the mechanism of self-regulation. Cogn Affect Behav Neurosci. 2007;7(4):391–5.PubMedCrossRef

48.

Croxson PL, Walton ME, O’Reilly JX, Behrens TE, Rushworth MF. Effort-based cost–benefit valuation and the human brain. J Neurosci Res. 2009;29(14):4531–41.

49.

Parvizi J, Rangarajan V, Shirer WR, Desai N, Greicius MD. The will to persevere induced by electrical stimulation of the human cingulate gyrus. Neuron. 2013;80(6):1359–67.PubMedCrossRef

50.

Williamson JW, McColl R, Mathews D, Mitchell JH, Raven PB, Morgan WP. Hypnotic manipulation of effort sense during dynamic exercise: cardiovascular responses and brain activation. J Appl Physiol. 2001;90(4):1392–9.PubMedCrossRef

51.

Schweimer J, Hauber W. Dopamine D1 receptors in the anterior cingulate cortex regulate effort-based decision making. Learn Mem. 2006;13(6):777–82.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef

52.

Fowler JC. Purine release and inhibition of synaptic transmission during hypoxia and hypoglycemia in rat hippocampal slices. Neurosci Lett. 1993;157:83–6.PubMedCrossRef

53.

Lloyd HGE, Lindström K, Fredholm BB. Intracellular formation and release of adenosine from rat hippocampal slices evoked by electrical stimulation or energy depletion. Neurochem Int. 1993;23(2):173–85.PubMedCrossRef

54.

Schrader J, Wahl M, Kuschinsky W, Kreutzberg GW. Increase of adenosine content in cerebral cortex of the cat during bicucullineinduced seizure. Pflugers Arch. 1980;387(3):245–51. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00580977.PubMedCrossRef

55.

Grafton ST, Mazziotta JC, Woods RP, Phelps ME. Human functional anatomy of visually guided finger movements. Brain. 1992;115(2):565–87.PubMedCrossRef

56.

Gusnard DA, Raichle ME. Searching for a baseline: functional imaging and the resting human brain. Nature Rev Neurosci. 2001;2(10):685–94. https://doi.org/10.1038/35094500.CrossRef

57.

Jonides J, Schumacher EH, Smith E, Lauber EJ, Awh E, Minoshima S, et al. Verbal working memory load affects regional brain activation as measured by PET. J Cogn Neurosci. 1997;9(4):462–75.PubMedCrossRef

58.

Larrue V, Celsis P, Bes A, Marc-Vergnes JP. The functional anatomy of attention in humans: Cerebral blood flow changes induced by reading, naming, and the Stroop effect. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab. 1994;14(6):958–62.PubMedCrossRef

59.

Cohen JD, Perlstein WM, Braver TS, Nystrom LE, Noll DC, Jonides J, et al. Temporal dynamics of brain activation during a working memory task. Nature. 1997;386:604–8.PubMedCrossRef

60.

Pull I, McIlwain H. Output of [14C] adenine nucleotides and their derivatives from cerebral tissues. J Biochem. 1973;136:893–901.CrossRef

61.

Lovatt D, Xu Q, Liu W, Takano T, Smith NA, Schnermann J, et al. Neuronal adenosine release, and not astrocytic ATP release, mediates feedback inhibition of excitatory activity. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2012;109(16):6265–70. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1120997109.PubMedCrossRef

62.

Zhao YT, Tekkök S, Krnjevi K. 2-Deoxy-d-glucose-induced changes in membrane potential, input resistance, and excitatory postsynaptic potentials of CA1 hippocampal neurons. Can J Physiol Pharmacol. 1997;75:368–74.PubMed

63.

Zhu PJ, Krnjevi K. Adenosine release is a major cause of failure of synaptic transmission during hypoglycaemia in rat hippocampal slices. Neurosci Lett. 1993;155:128–31.PubMedCrossRef

64.

Baumeister RF, Bratslavsky E, Muraven M, Tice DM. Ego depletion: Is the active self a limited resource? J Pers Soc Psychol. 1998;74(5):1252–65.PubMedCrossRef

65.

Baumeister RF, Heatherton TF. Self-regulation failure: an overview. Psychol Inq. 1996;7(1):1–15. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327965pli0701_1.CrossRef

66.

Muraven M, Baumeister RF. Self-regulation and depletion of limited resources: Does self-control resemble a muscle? Psychol Bull. 2000;126(2):247–59. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.126.2.247.PubMedCrossRef

67.

Inzlicht M, Berkman E. Six questions for the resource model of control (and some answers). Soc Personal Psychol Compass. 2015;9(10):511–24. https://doi.org/10.1111/spc3.12200.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef

68.

Inzlicht M, Schmeichel BJ, Macrae CN. Why self-control seems (but may not be) limited. Trends Cogn Sci. 2014;18(3):127–33.PubMedCrossRef

69.

Kurzban R. Does the brain consume additional glucose during self-control tasks? Evol Psychol. 2010;8(2):244–59. https://doi.org/10.1177/147470491000800208.PubMedCrossRef

70.

Gailliot MT, Baumeister RF, DeWall CN, Maner JK, Plant EA, Tice DM, et al. Self-control relies on glucose as a limited energy source: willpower is more than a metaphor. J Pers Soc Psychol. 2007;92(2):325–36. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.92.2.325.PubMedCrossRef

71.

Molden DC, Hui CM, Scholer AA, Meier BP, Noreen EE, D’Agostino PR, et al. Motivational versus metabolic effects of carbohydrates on self-control. Psychol Sci. 2012;23(10):1137–44.PubMedCrossRef

72.

Lange F, Eggert C. Sweet delusion. Glucose drinks fail to counteract ego depletion. Appetite. 2014;75:54–63. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2013.12.020.PubMedCrossRef

73.

DeWall CN, Baumeister RF, Gailliot MT, Maner JK. Depletion makes the heart grow less helpful: helping as a function of self-regulatory energy and genetic relatedness. Pers Soc Psychol Bull. 2008;34(12):1653–62. https://doi.org/10.1177/0146167208323981.PubMedCrossRef

74.

Boat R, Taylor IM, Hulston CJ. Self-control exertion and glucose supplementation prior to endurance performance. Psychol Sport Exerc. 2017;29:103–10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychsport.2016.12.007.CrossRef

75.

Blanchfield AW, Hardy J, De Morree HM, Staiano W, Marcora SM. Talking yourself out of exhaustion: the effects of self-talk on endurance performance. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2014;46(5):998–1007. https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0000000000000184.PubMedCrossRef

76.

Brown DM, Bray SR. Effects of mental fatigue on physical endurance performance and muscle activation are attenuated by monetary incentives. J Sport Exerc Psychol. 2018;39(6):385–96. https://doi.org/10.1123/jsep.2017-0187.CrossRef

77.

Luethi MS, Friese M, Binder J, Boesiger P, Luechinger R, Rasch B. Motivational incentives lead to a strong increase in lateral prefrontal activity after self-control exertion. Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci. 2016;11:1618–26. https://doi.org/10.1093/scan/nsw073.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef

78.

Stone M, Thomas K, Wilkinson M, Jones A, St Clair Gibson A, Thompson K. Effects of deception on exercise performance: implications for determinants of fatigue in humans. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2012;44(3):534–41.PubMedCrossRef

79.

Madsen PL, Hasselbalch SG, Hagemann LP, Olsen KS, Bulow J, Holm S, et al. Persistent resetting of the cerebral oxygen/glucose uptake ratio by brain activation: evidence obtained with the Kety–Schmidt technique. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab. 1995;15(3):485–91.PubMedCrossRef

80.

McNay EC, McCarty RC, Gold PE. Fluctuations in brain glucose concentration during behavioral testing: dissociations between brain areas and between brain and blood. Neurobiol Learn Mem. 2001;75(3):325–37.PubMedCrossRef

81.

Font L, Mingote S, Farrar AM, Pereira M, Worden L, Stopper C, et al. Intra-accumbens injections of the adenosine A2A agonist CGS 21680 affect effort-related choice behavior in rats. Psychopharmacology. 2008;199(4):515–26.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef

82.

Mingote S, Font L, Farrar AM, Vontell R, Worden LT, Stopper CM, et al. Nucleus accumbens adenosine A2A receptors regulate exertion of effort by acting on the ventral striatopallidal pathway. J Neurosci. 2008;28(36):9037–46.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef

83.

Davis JM, Zhao Z, Stock HS, Mehl KA, Buggy J, Hand GA. Central nervous system effects of caffeine and adenosine on fatigue. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol Rev. 2003;284(2):R399–404.CrossRef

84.

Martin BJ. Effect of sleep deprivation on tolerance of prolonged exercise. Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol. 1981;47:345–54.PubMedCrossRef

85.

Oliver SJ, Costa RJ, Laing SJ, Bilzon JL, Walsh NP. One night of sleep deprivation decreases treadmill endurance performance. Eur J Appl Physiol. 2009;107(2):155–61.PubMedCrossRef

86.

Temesi J, Arnal PJ, Davranche K, Bonnefoy R, Levy P, Verges S, et al. Does central fatigue explain reduced cycling after complete sleep deprivation? Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2013;45(12):2243–53. https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0b013e31829ce379.PubMedCrossRef

87.

Graham TE. Caffeine and exercise: metabolism, endurance and performance. Sports Med. 2001;31(11):785–807.PubMedCrossRef

88.

McCall AL, Millington WR, Wurtman RJ. Blood-brain barrier transport of caffeine: dose-related restriction of adenine transport. Life Sci. 1982;31:2709–15.PubMedCrossRef

89.

Fredholm BB, Battig K, Holmen J, Nehlig A, Zvartau EE. Actions of caffeine in the brain with special reference to factors that contribute to its widespread use. Pharmacol Rev. 1999;51:83–133.PubMed

90.

Okada M, Kiryu K, Kawata Y, Mizuno K, Wada K, Tasaki H, et al. Determination of the effects of caffeine and carbamazepine on striatal dopamine release by in vivo microdialysis. Eur J Pharmacol. 1997;324(8):181–8.CrossRef

91.

McLellan TM, Bell DG, Kamimori GH. Caffeine improves physical performance during 24 h of active wakefulness. Aviat Space Environ Med. 2004;75(8):666–72.PubMed

92.

Wesensten N, Belenky G, Kautz MA, Thorne DR, Reichardt RM, Balkin TJ. Maintaining alertness and performance during sleep deprivation: modafinil versus caffeine. Psychopharmacology. 2002;159(3):238–47.PubMedCrossRef

93.

Kennedy DO, Scholey AB. A glucose-caffeine ‘energy drink’ ameliorates subjective and performance deficits during prolonged cognitive demand. Appetite. 2004;42(3):331–3. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2004.03.001.PubMedCrossRef

94.

Doherty M, Smith PM, Hughes MG, Davison RCR. Caffeine lowers perceptual response and increases power output during high-intensity cycling. J Sport Sci. 2004;22:637–43. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640410310001655741.CrossRef

95.

de Morree HM, Klein C, Marcora SM. Perception of effort reflects central motor command during movement execution. Psychophysiology. 2012;49:1242–53.PubMedCrossRef

96.

Christensen MS, Lundbye-Jensen J, Geertsen SS, Petersen TH, Paulson OB, Nielsen JB. Premotor cortex modulates somatosensory cortex during voluntary movements without proprioceptive feedback. Nat Neurosci. 2007;10(4):417–9. https://doi.org/10.1038/nn1873.PubMedCrossRef

97.

Poulet JF, Hedwig B. New insights into corollary discharges mediated by identified neural pathways. Trends Neurosci. 2007;30(1):14–21. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tins.2006.11.005.PubMedCrossRef

98.

de Morree HM, Klein C, Marcora SM. Cortical substrates of the effects of caffeine and time-on-task on perception of effort. J Appl Physiol. 2014;117(12):1514–23. https://doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00898.2013.PubMedCrossRef

99.

Marcora SM. Perception of effort during exercise is independent of afferent feedback from skeletal muscles, heart, and lungs. J Appl Physiol. 2009;106(6):2060–2.PubMedCrossRef

100.

Duncan MJ, Al-Nakeeb Y, Scurr J. Perceived exertion is related to muscle activity during leg extension exercise. Res Sports Med. 2006;14(3):179–89. https://doi.org/10.1080/15438620600854728.PubMedCrossRef

101.

Kalmar JM. The influence of caffeine on voluntary muscle activation. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2005;37(12):2113–9.PubMedCrossRef

102.

Tarnopolsky MA. Effect of caffeine on the neuromuscular system–potential as an ergogenic aid. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab. 2008;33(6):1284–9.PubMedCrossRef

103.

Angius L, Pageaux B, Hopker J, Marcora SM, Mauger AR. Transcranial direct current stimulation improves isometric time to exhaustion of the knee extensors. Neuroscience. 2016;339:363–75.PubMedCrossRef

104.

Takarada Y, Mima T, Abe M, Nakatsuka M, Taira M. Inhibition of the primary motor cortex can alter one’s ‘‘sense of effort”: effects of low-frequency rTMS. Neurosci Res. 2014;89:54–60.PubMedCrossRef

105.

Patel R, Spreng RN, Turner GR. Functional brain changes following cognitive and motor skills training: a quantitative meta-analysis. Neurorehabilit Neural Repair. 2013;27(3):187–99.CrossRef

106.

Janot JM, Steffen JP, Porcari JP, Maher MA. Heart rate responses and perceived exertion for beginner and recreational sport climbers during indoor climbing. J Exerc Physiol Online. 2000;3(1):1–7.

107.

Martin K, Staiano W, Menaspà P, Hennessey T, Marcora S, Keegan R, et al. Superior inhibitory control and resistance to mental fatigue in professional road cyclists. PloS One. 2016;11(7):e0159907.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef

108.

Walton ME, Kennerley SW, Bannerman DM, Phillips PE, Rushworth MF. Weighing up the benefits of work: behavioral and neural analyses of effort-related decision making. Neural Netw. 2006;19(8):1302–14.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef

109.

Williamson JW, McColl R, Mathews D, Ginsburg M, Mitchell JH. Activation of the insular cortex is affected by the intensity of exercise. J Appl Physiol. 1999;87(3):1213–9.PubMedCrossRef

110.

Martin K, Thompson KG, Keegan R, Ball N, Rattray B. Mental fatigue does not affect maximal anaerobic exercise performance. Eur J Appl Physiol. 2015;115(4):715–25. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-014-3052-1.PubMedCrossRef

111.

Brown D, Bray S. Show me the money! Incentives attenuate effects of cognitive control exertion (mental fatigue) on physical endurance performance. J Exerc Mov Sport. 2016;48(1):149.

112.

Winchester R, Turner LA, Thomas K, Ansley L, Thompson KG, Micklewright D, et al. Observer effects on the rating of perceived exertion and affect during exercise in recreationally active males. Percept Mot Skills. 2012;115(1):213–27.PubMedCrossRef

113.

Williams EL, Jones HS, Sparks SA, Marchant DC, Midgley AW, Mc Naughton LR. Competitor presence reduces internal attentional focus and improves 16.1 km cycling time trial performance. J Sci Med Sport. 2015;18(4):486–91.PubMedCrossRef

114.

Shei RJ, Thompson K, Chapman R, Raglin J, Mickleborough T. Using deception to establish a reproducible improvement in 4-km cycling time trial performance. Int J Sports Med. 2016;37(5):341–6.PubMedCrossRef

115.

Stone MR, Thomas K, Wilkinson M, Stevenson E, Gibson ASC, Jones AM, et al. Exploring the performance reserve: effect of different magnitudes of power output deception on 4,000 m cycling time-trial performance. PloS One. 2017;12(3):e0173120.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef

116.

Ferré S, Fuxe K, von Euler G, Johansson B, Fredholm BB. Adenosine-dopamine interactions in the brain. Neuroscience. 1992;51:501–12.PubMedCrossRef

117.

Fredholm BB, Johansson B, Van der Ploeg I, Hu PS, Jin S. Neuromodulatory roles of purines. Drug Dev Res. 1993;28:349.CrossRef

118.

Fredholm BB, Dunwiddie TV. How does adenosine inhibit transmitter release? Trends Pharmacol Sci. 1988;9:130.PubMedCrossRef

119.

Durcan MJ, Morgan PF. Evidence for adenosine A2 receptor involvement in the hypomobility effects of adenosine analogues in mice. Eur J Pharmacol. 1989;168:285.PubMedCrossRef

120.

Salamone JD, Steinpreis RE, McCullough LD, Smith P, Smith P, Smith P, Grebel D, Mahan K. Haloperidol and nucleus accumbens dopamine depletion suppress lever-pressing for food but increase free food consumption in a novel food-choice procedure. Psychopharmacology (Berl). 1991;104:515–21.CrossRef

121.

Svenningsson P, Hall H, Sedvall G, Fredholm BB. Distribution of adenosine receptors in the postmortem human brain: an extended autoradiographic study. Synapse. 1997;27(4):322–35.PubMedCrossRef

122.

Palomero-Gallagher N, Vogt BA, Schleicher A, Mayberg HS, Zilles K. Receptor architecture of human cingulate cortex: evaluation of the four-region neurobiological model. Hum Brain Mapp. 2009;30(8):2336–55.PubMedCrossRef

123.

Matsui T, Soya S, Okamoto M, Ichitani Y, Kawanaka K, Soya H. Brain glycogen decreases during prolonged exercise. J Physiol. 2011;589(13):3383–93. https://doi.org/10.1113/jphysiol.2010.203570.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef

124.

Öz G, Kumar A, Rao JP, Kodl CT, Chow L, Eberly LE, et al. Human brain glycogen metabolism during and after hypoglycemia. Diabetes. 2009;58(9):1978–85.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef

125.

Blanco AM, Gómez-Boronat M, Pérez-Maceira J, Mancebo MJ, Aldegunde M. Brain glycogen supercompensation after different conditions of induced hypoglycemia and sustained swimming in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol. 2015;187:55–60.PubMedCrossRef

126.

Canada SE, Weaver SA, Sharpe SN, Pederson BA. Brain glycogen supercompensation in the mouse after recovery from insulin-induced hypoglycemia. J Neurosci Res. 2011;89(4):585–91.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef

127.

Folbergrová J, Katsura KI, Siesjö BK. Glycogen accumulated in the brain following insults is not degraded during a subsequent period of ischemia. J Neurol Sci. 1996;137(1):7–13.PubMedCrossRef

128.

Ludyga S, Gronwald T, Hottenrott K. The athlete’s brain: cross-sectional evidence for neural efficiency during cycling exercise. Neural Plast. 2016;7(5):1–7.CrossRef

129.

Kim W, Chang Y, Kim J, Seo J, Ryu K, Lee E, et al. An fMRI study of differences in brain activity among elite, expert, and novice archers at the moment of optimal aiming. Cogn Behav Neurol. 2014;27(4):173–82.PubMedCrossRef

130.

Hawley JA. Adaptations of skeletal muscle to prolonged, intense endurance training. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol. 2002;29(3):218–22.PubMedCrossRef

131.

Social Grimm P, Bias Desirability. In: Sheth JN, Malhotra NK, editors. Wiley international encyclopedia of marketing. Amdterdam: Wiley; 2010.

132.

Paulhus DL. Two-component models of socially desirable responding. J Pers Soc Psychol. 1984;46(3):598–609.CrossRef

133.

Podsakoff PM, MacKenzie SB, Lee JY, Podsakoff NP. Common method biases in behavioral research: a critical review of the literature and recommended remedies. J Appl Psychol. 2003;88(5):879–903. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.88.5.879.PubMedCrossRef

134.

Antin J, Shaw A, editors. Social desirability bias and self-reports of motivation: a study of amazon mechanical turk in the US and India. In: SIGCHI conference on human factors in computing systems; 2012; New York: ACM.

135.

Grossbard JR, Cumming SP, Standage M, Smith RE, Smoll FL. Social desirability and relations between goal orientations and competitive trait anxiety in young athletes. Psychol Sport Exerc. 2007;8(4):491–505. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychsport.2006.07.009.CrossRef

136.

Newsholme EA, Blomstrand E. The plasma level of some amino acids and physical and mental fatigue. Experientia. 1996;52(5):413–5.PubMedCrossRef

137.

Pires FO, Silva-Júnior FL, Brietzke C, Franco-Alvarenga PE, Pinheiro FA, de França NM, et al. Mental fatigue alters cortical activation and psychological responses, impairing performance in a distance-based cycling trial. Front Physiol. 2018;9:227. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2018.00227.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef

138.

Brown DM, Bray SR. Effects of mental fatigue on physical endurance performance and muscle activation are attenuated by monetary incentives. J Sport Exerc Psychol. 2017;39(6):385–96.PubMedCrossRef

Titel: Mental Fatigue Impairs Endurance Performance: A Physiological Explanation
verfasst von: Kristy Martin
Romain Meeusen
Kevin G. Thompson
Richard Keegan
Ben Rattray
Publikationsdatum: 19.06.2018
Verlag: Springer International Publishing
Erschienen in: Sports Medicine / Ausgabe 9/2018
Print ISSN: 0112-1642
Elektronische ISSN: 1179-2035
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-018-0946-9

Arthropedia

Grundlagenwissen der Arthroskopie und Gelenkchirurgie. Erweitert durch Fallbeispiele, Videos und Abbildungen.
» Jetzt entdecken

Neu im Fachgebiet Orthopädie und Unfallchirurgie

23.04.2024 | Leitsymptom Rückenschmerzen | Nachrichten

Update Orthopädie und Unfallchirurgie

Bestellen Sie unseren Fach-Newsletter und bleiben Sie gut informiert.

Newsletter bestellen

Springer Medizin

Mental Fatigue Impairs Endurance Performance: A Physiological Explanation

Abstract

Arthropedia

Neu im Fachgebiet Orthopädie und Unfallchirurgie

Ärztliche Empathie hilft gegen Rückenschmerzen

Stereotaktische Radiatio schlägt konventionelle Bestrahlung

Vorsicht mit hohen NSAR-Dosen bei ankylosierender Spondylitis!

Brustkrebs in der Vorgeschichte macht Gelenkersatz komplikationsträchtiger

Update Orthopädie und Unfallchirurgie

Springer Medizin

Abstract

Bitte loggen Sie sich ein, um Zugang zu diesem Inhalt zu erhalten

Weitere Artikel der Ausgabe 9/2018

Author’s Reply to Valenzuela et al.: Comment on “Drinking Strategies: Planned Drinking Versus Drinking to Thirst”

Effects and Dose–Response Relationship of Balance Training on Balance Performance in Youth: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

An Updated Subsequent Injury Categorisation Model (SIC-2.0): Data-Driven Categorisation of Subsequent Injuries in Sport

Effects of High-Intensity Interval Training Versus Moderate-Intensity Continuous Training On Blood Pressure in Adults with Pre- to Established Hypertension: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Trials

Handgrip Strength and Health in Aging Adults

The NBA and Youth Basketball: Recommendations for Promoting a Healthy and Positive Experience

Arthropedia

Neu im Fachgebiet Orthopädie und Unfallchirurgie

Ärztliche Empathie hilft gegen Rückenschmerzen

Stereotaktische Radiatio schlägt konventionelle Bestrahlung

Vorsicht mit hohen NSAR-Dosen bei ankylosierender Spondylitis!

Brustkrebs in der Vorgeschichte macht Gelenkersatz komplikationsträchtiger

Update Orthopädie und Unfallchirurgie