Background
Methods
Study selection
Selection criteria
Data extraction and quality evaluation
Statistical analysis
Results
The general characteristics of included studies
Study | Year | Study year | ONFH stage | Study style | Group | Number/hips | Gender (M/F) | Age (year) | Duration (month) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Wang CJ | 2012 | 2001–2001 | Stages I, II, early III | Non-RCT | ESWT | 23/29 | 20/3 | 39.8 ± 12.1 | 25.2 ± 3.7 |
Surgical group | 25/28 | 22/3 | 39.9 ± 9.3 | 25.8 ± 4.6 | |||||
Chen JM | 2009 | 1999.7–2006.1 | Stages I–III | Non-RCT | ESWT | 17/17 | 14/3 | 42.9 ± 9.3 | 11.3 ± 3.4 |
Stages I–IV | THA | 17/17 | 14/3 | 42.9 ± 9.3 | 14.7 ± 0.93 | ||||
Zhang HJ | 2015 | 2009.1–2012.12 | Stages I–II | RCT | BMSC+ESWT | 20/29 | 15/5 | 36.1 ± 6.2 | 24 |
BMSC | 20/27 | 14/6 | 35.5 ± 5.7 | 24 | |||||
Zhai L | 2008 | 1998.1–2007.6 | Stages I–III | Non-RCT | CD + ESWT | 50/50 | 41/9 | 20.9(18–25) | 6.4(3–18) |
CD | 58/58 | 45/13 | 20.5(18–25) | 7.3(3–20) |
Meta-analysis of pain score and Harris hip score
Variable | Group | Sample size | Test of association | Model | Test of heterogeneitya, b | Egger’s testc | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
K
| ESWT | Control | SMD (95% CI) | Z |
P
| Q |
P
| I2 (%) |
t
|
P
| |||
Pain score | Base | 2 | 46 | 45 | −1.0104 [− 2.3279; 0.3071] | 1.5032 | 0.1328 | Random | 6.61 | 0.0058 | 86.9 | – | – |
Post | 2 | 46 | 45 | − 2.1148 [− 3.2332; − 0.9965] | 3.7063 | 0.0002 | Random | 4.42 | 0.0035 | 77.4 | – | – | |
Change | 2 | 46 | 46 | − 0.7353 [− 2.1272; 0.6566] | 1.0354 | 0.3005 | Random | 9.81 | 0.0017 | 89.8 | – | – | |
Harris hip score | Base | 4 | 125 | 130 | 0.3717 [− 0.3125; 1.0559] | 1.0647 | 0.287 | Random | 34.06 | < 0.001 | 85.3 | 1.9243 | 0.1267 |
Post | 4 | 125 | 130 | 2.1377 [1.2875; 2.9880] | 4.9281 | < 0.001 | Random | 35.77 | < 0.001 | 86.0 | 3.5824 | 0.0231 | |
Change | 4 | 125 | 125 | 1.2969 [0.7171; 1.8767] | 4.3839 | < 0.001 | Random | 20.72 | 0.001 | 75.9 | 0.9755 | 0.3846 |