Background
Methods
Participants
Procedure
EPDS
Definition of PPD
DNA methylation analysis
Statistical analysis
Data availability
Results
Characteristics of study subjects
Controls (n = 18) Mean (SD) | Cases (n = 18) Mean (SD) | p value | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age (years) | 34.6 | (4.6) | 33.3 | (4.4) | 0.386 |
Parity | 1.2 | (0.4) | 1.1 | (0.3) | 0.594 |
Gestational weeks | 39.1 | (1.3) | 38.9 | (1.0) | 0.480 |
Baby’s weight (g) | 3035 | (304.7) | 2993 | (237.9) | 0.684 |
Blood collection day after birth (days) | 30.1 | (7.6) | 26.0 | (10.7) | 0.195 |
EPDS score 1 month after birth | 2.3 | (2.4) | 13.6 | (4.2) | 1.9 × 10− 11 |
Association analysis for DNA methylation status
Category | Term | Count | Fold Enrichment | FDRa |
---|---|---|---|---|
GOTERM_BP_DIRECT | GO:0007411~axon guidance | 22 | 3.27 | 0.0088 |
GOTERM_BP_FAT | GO:0097485~neuron projection guidance | 27 | 2.86 | 0.0074 |
GOTERM_BP_FAT | GO:0007411~axon guidance | 27 | 2.88 | 0.0136 |
GOTERM_BP_FAT | GO:0030182~neuron differentiation | 83 | 1.61 | 0.0235 |
GOTERM_BP_FAT | GO:0032990~cell part morphogenesis | 59 | 1.73 | 0.0257 |
GOTERM_BP_FAT | GO:0007409~axonogenesis | 37 | 2.13 | 0.0259 |
GOTERM_BP_FAT | GO:0048699~generation of neurons | 89 | 1.56 | 0.0271 |
GOTERM_BP_FAT | GO:0048667~cell morphogenesis involved in neuron differentiation | 42 | 2.02 | 0.0274 |
GOTERM_BP_FAT | GO:0061564~axon development | 38 | 2.04 | 0.0278 |
GOTERM_BP_FAT | GO:0048666~neuron development | 67 | 1.66 | 0.0284 |
GOTERM_BP_FAT | GO:0021953~central nervous system neuron differentiation | 21 | 2.89 | 0.0305 |
GOTERM_BP_FAT | GO:0048858~cell projection morphogenesis | 58 | 1.74 | 0.0305 |
GOTERM_BP_FAT | GO:0048812~neuron projection morphogenesis | 43 | 1.89 | 0.0389 |
GOTERM_BP_FAT | GO:0031175~neuron projection development | 58 | 1.70 | 0.0409 |
GOTERM_BP_FAT | GO:0022008~neurogenesis | 90 | 1.48 | 0.0461 |
GOTERM_BP_FAT | GO:0035556~intracellular signal transduction | 147 | 1.33 | 0.0486 |
GOTERM_CC_DIRECT | GO:0005654~nucleoplasm | 157 | 1.38 | 0.0040 |
GOTERM_MF_DIRECT | GO:0005515~protein binding | 421 | 1.15 | 0.0032 |
GOTERM_MF_DIRECT | GO:0003714~transcription corepressor activity | 24 | 2.91 | 0.0033 |
GOTERM_MF_FAT | GO:0003714~transcription corepressor activity | 24 | 2.63 | 0.0495 |
Category | Term | Genes |
---|---|---|
GOTERM_BP_DIRECT | GO:0007411 ~axon guidance | kinesin family member 26A(KIF26A), ephrin A2 (EFNA2), neurexin 1 (NRXN1), glypican 1 (GPC1), dorsal inhibitory axon guidance protein (DRAXIN), growth factor receptor bound protein 2 (GRB2), isoprenoid synthase domain containing (ISPD), FYN proto-oncogene, Src family tyrosine kinase (FYN), ribosomal protein S6 kinase A5 (RPS6KA5), mitogen-activated protein kinase 8 interacting protein 3 (MAPK8IP3), nerve growth factor receptor (NGFR), laminin subunit alpha 2 (LAMA2), EPH receptor A8 (EPHA8), colony stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R), sodium voltage-gated channel beta subunit 1 (SCN1B), EPH receptor B1 (EPHB1), contactin 2 (CNTN2), ubiquitin specific peptidase 33 (USP33), cadherin 4 (CDH4), unc-5 netrin receptor A (UNC5A), growth differentiation factor 7 (GDF7), Wnt family member 5A (WNT5A) |