Acknowledgements
We thank Prof. J. L. Vincent, Department of Intensive Care, Erasme University Hospital, Brussels, Belgium, for allowing us to use the SOAP acronym in our study; F. Messie, Osix, Huizen, The Netherlands, for software engineering; A. Carsetti, MD, R. Domizi, MD, and C. Scorcella, MD, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Public Health, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy; G. Veenstra, MD, and B. Scheenstra, MD, ICU, Medical Center Leeuwarden, Leeuwarden, The Netherlands, for their contributions to SDF analysis; D. M. J. Milstein, PhD, and K. Yuruk, MD, Department of Translational Physiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands for their help with SDF imaging; P. Ormskerk, RN, and D. van Duijn, RN, Intensive Care Adults, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, The Netherlands, for their help with study logistics; and D. S. Martin, MD, PhD, P. Meale, RGN, University College London, ICU, Royal Free Hospital, London, UK, and A. Vivian-Smith, RGN, ICU, Royal London Hospital, London, UK, for their assistance with UK ethics approval.
Participating centers and members of the microSOAP study group:
ICU, Medical Center Leeuwarden, Leeuwarden, The Netherlands (E. C. Boerma, MD, PhD, M. Koopmans, RN; N. A. R. Vellinga, MD)
ICU, St. Antonius Hospital, Nieuwegein, The Netherlands (M. van Iterson, MD, PhD)
ICU, Onze Lieve Vrouwe Gasthuis, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (P. H. J. van der Voort, MD, PhD)
ICU, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands (J. Bakker, MD, PhD; J. van Bommel, MD, PhD)
ICU, Gelre Ziekenhuizen, Apeldoorn, The Netherlands (P. E. Spronk, MD, PhD, FCCP)
Departamento de Medicina Intensiva, Escuela de Medicina, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile (C. Ruiz, MD; G. Hernandez, MD, PhD)
Departamento de Anestesiologia, Dor e Terapia Intensiva, Hospital Sao Paulo, Universidade Federal de São Paulo Sao Paulo, Brazil (F. R. Machado, MD, PhD; A. T. Bafi, MD)
Servicio de Terapia Intensiva, Sanatorio Otamendi y Miroli, Buenos Aires, Argentina (A. Dubin, MD, PhD; V. S. Kanoore Edul, MD)
ICU, Hospital San Martín, La Plata, Argentina (H. S. Canales, MD)
ICU, Hospital Español ‘Juan J Crotoggini’, Montevideo, Uruguay (F. J. Hurtado, MD; G. Lacuesta, MD; M. Baz, MD)
ICU, Cooper University Hospital, Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, NJ, USA (S. M. Hollenberg MD, FACC, FCCM, FAHA, FCCP; U. Patel, MD)
ICU, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA (N. I. Shapiro, MD, MPH)
Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA (H. Gomez, MD; M. Pinsky, MD, CM, Dr hc, MCCM, FCCP)
Critical Care Medicine/Neurocritical Care, Mercy Hospital St. Louis/St. Louis University Hospital, St. Louis, MO, USA (F. G. Sadaka, MD; K. Krause, RN)
ICU, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA (R. Mehta, MD, PhD)
Department of Internal Medicine I, Universitätsklinikum Jena, Friedrich-Schiller-University, Jena, Germany (C. Jung, MD)
Department of Surgical Intensive Care, University Hospital Aachen, Aachen, Germany (M. Fries, MD, PhD)
Adult Critical Care Unit, Royal London Hospital, London, UK (R. M. Pearse, MBBS, FRCA, FFICM; A. Smith, RGN)
ICU, Royal Free Hospital, London, UK (D. S. Martin, MD, PhD; P. Meale, RGN)
ICU, The Royal Marsden Hospital, Chelsea, London, UK (S. Jhanji, MD, PhD)
ICU, Derriford Hospital, Plymouth University Peninsula School of Medicine, Plymouth, UK (G. Minto, MD, FRCA)
ICU, New Cross Hospital, Wolverhampton, UK (G. Martinelli, MD; M. Lombrano, MD)
ICU, Royal Devon and Exeter Hospital, Exeter, UK (S. M. A. Hubble, MD; C. Thorn, PhD)
Critical Care Department, Joan XXIII University Hospital, Tarragona, Spain (A. H. Rodriguez, MD, PhD; I. Martin-Loeches, MD, PhD [current affiliation: Critical Care Centre, Corporacio Sanitaria I Universitaria Parc Tauli – Hospital de Sabadell, Barcelona, Spain])
Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Waikato Hospital, Hamilton, New Zealand (F. M. P. van Haren, MD, PhD [current affiliation: Intensive Care Unit, Canberra Hospital, Canberra, Australia])
Intensive Care Department, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania (A. Pranskunas, MD, PhD; V. Pilvinis, MD, PhD)
Clinica di Anestesia e Rianimazione, Azienda Ospedaliera-Universitaria Ospedali Riuniti, Ancona, Italy (A. Donati, MD)
Dipartimento di Anestesia, Rianimazione e Terapia Intensiva, Azienda Unità Locale Socio Sanitaria 9 (ULSS 9) Veneto, Treviso, Italy (C. Sorbara, MD; A. Forti, MD, A. Comin, PhD)
ICU, Santa Maria degli Angeli Hospital, Pordenone, Italy (M. L. Chierego, MD; T. Pellis, MD)
ICU, The University of Queensland and Royal Brisbane and Women’s Hospital, Brisbane, Australia (A. Holley, MD, FACEM, FCICM; J. Paratz, MD, PhD)
Departement d’Anesthesie-Reanimation, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Sud, Hôpital de Bicêtre Assistance Publique – Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France, Paris, France (J. Duranteau, MD, PhD; A. Harrois, MD)
Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Mobile Emergency and Resuscitation Service (SMUR), Hôpital Lariboisière (AP-HP)/Université Paris 7 Diderot, Paris, France (D. Payen, MD, PhD; C. Damoisel, MD)
Medical ICU, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland (G. M. Balestra, MD; E. Bucher, MD)
Ispat Hospital, Rourkela, Orissa, India (R. Pattnaik)
Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand (A. M. Dondorp, MD, PhD; M. T. Herdman, MD, PhD)
ICU, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey (U. Aypar MD, B. Ayhan, MD)
ICU, Kosuyolu University, Istanbul, Turkey (T. Ayazoglu-Akarsu, MD)
The work was performed in the ICUs of the hospitals named above in the microSOAP study group affiliations and was coordinated from the ICU of Medical Center Leeuwarden, Leeuwarden, The Netherlands.
Collaborating authors:
J. van Bommel
G. Hernandez
F. Machado
V. Kanoore Edul
G. Lacuesta
M. Baz
U. Patel
M. Pinsky
K. Krause
A. Smith
P. Meale
M. Lombrano
C. Thorn
I. Martin-Loeches
V. Pilvinis
A. Forti
A. Comin
T. Pellis
J. Paratz
A. Harrois
C. Damoisel
E. Bucher
R. Pattnaik
M. T. Herdman
B. Ayhan