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Erschienen in: Die Unfallchirurgie 7/2022

05.04.2022 | Minimalinvasive Chirurgie | Leitthema

Wandel in der Behandlung der Tibiakopffraktur

verfasst von: PD Dr. med. Matthias Krause, Karl-Heinz Frosch

Erschienen in: Die Unfallchirurgie | Ausgabe 7/2022

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Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund

Die Versorgung von Tibiakopffrakturen erfuhr in den letzten Jahren eine Reihe unterschiedlichster konzeptioneller Weiterentwicklungen, nicht nur im Hinblick auf technische Innovationen, sondern auch vor dem Hintergrund sich ändernder Frakturmuster und des wachsenden Anspruchs der Patienten.

Fragestellung

Welche Entwicklungen hatten in den letzten Jahren einen wesentlichen Einfluss auf aktuelle Versorgungsstrategien von Tibiakopffrakturen?

Material und Methode

Narratives Review PubMed-gelisteter Publikationen zum Thema der Versorgung von komplexen Tibiakopffrakturen.

Ergebnisse

Während die zweidimensionalen Klassifikationen an Bedeutung verlieren, rücken CT-basierte dreidimensionale Beurteilungen der Frakturverläufe und eine darauf basierende Zugangsstrategie in den Vordergrund. Insbesondere bei relevanter posteromedialer und/oder posterolateraler Frakturbeteiligung zeigen sich direkte dorsale Zugangswege überlegen. Die jeweils schrittweise Zugangserweiterung über spezifische Osteotomien von ligamentären Ansätzen ermöglicht darüber hinaus eine bedarfs- und frakturabhängige vollständige Gelenkflächeneinsicht und Repositionskontrolle. Bei Tibiakopffrakturen geriatrischer Patienten besitzt die primäre Endoprothesenversorgung einen wachsenden Stellenwert, um eine frühzeitige Mobilisation unter Vollbelastung mit deutlich kürzeren Rehabilitationszeiten zu ermöglichen.

Schlussfolgerung

Moderne Entwicklungen im Rahmen der Frakturversorgung um den Tibiakopf führten zu relevanter Reduktion der Infektionen und verbesserter Versorgungsrealität. Der hohe Anspruch und das verbesserte Frakturverständnis verdeutlichen jedoch nach wie vor die große Herausforderung in der Versorgung komplexer Frakturmuster.
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Metadaten
Titel
Wandel in der Behandlung der Tibiakopffraktur
verfasst von
PD Dr. med. Matthias Krause
Karl-Heinz Frosch
Publikationsdatum
05.04.2022
Verlag
Springer Medizin
Erschienen in
Die Unfallchirurgie / Ausgabe 7/2022
Print ISSN: 2731-7021
Elektronische ISSN: 2731-703X
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00113-022-01165-0

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