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Erschienen in: Der Onkologe 8/2018

13.06.2018 | Computertomografie | Leitthema

Bildgebung beim multiplen Myelom

Röntgen-Skelettstatus, Ganzkörper-CT, Ganzkörper-MRT oder PET?

verfasst von: Dr.med. Jennifer Mosebach, Dr. med. Bettina Beuthien-Baumann, Prof. Dr. med. Dipl.-Phys. Heinz-Peter Schlemmer, Prof. Dr. med. Stefan Delorme

Erschienen in: Die Onkologie | Ausgabe 8/2018

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Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund

Die Knochenschädigung ist ein wesentliches Merkmal des multiplen Myeloms, und viele Jahre war der konventionelle Röntgen-Skelettstatus nach dem Pariser-Schema die Diagnostik der Wahl. Aufgrund besserer Sensitivität wird er zum Staging und in der Verlaufskontrolle zunehmend durch die Schnittbildgebung mittels Computertomographie (CT) und Magnetresonanztomographie (MRT) ersetzt. Die internationale Arbeitsgruppe zum multiplen Myelom hat bereits 2014 ihre Empfehlungen angepasst und räumt u. a. der MRT einen höheren Stellenwert ein.

Ziel

Dieser Artikel soll dem behandelnden Onkologen einen Überblick über die aktuellen Möglichkeiten der bildgebenden Diagnostik und Verlaufskontrolle des therapiepflichtigen multiplen Myeloms und seinen Vorstufen bieten.

Schlussfolgerung

Mehr als eine fokale Knochenmarkläsion in der MRT auch ohne korrespondierende Osteolyse in der CT wird bereits als Therapieindikation betrachtet. Im Spezialfall eines solitären Plasmozytoms sollte vor der Behandlung ebenfalls eine ausreichende Bildgebung erfolgen, um einen Befall an anderer Stelle auszuschließen. Modalitäten mit geringer Strahlenbelastung, wie die MRT und die CT in Low-Dose-Technik, dienen der Verlaufskontrolle und verbesserten Vergleichbarkeit bei durch moderne therapeutische Optionen verlängerter Überlebenszeit. Funktionelle Techniken ergänzen die rein morphologische Bildgebung. Die PET-CT z. B. kann bei herdförmigem Befall durch einen radioaktiv markierten Tracer Informationen zum Glukose- oder Knochenstoffwechsel und dadurch auch zum Therapieerfolg liefern.
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Metadaten
Titel
Bildgebung beim multiplen Myelom
Röntgen-Skelettstatus, Ganzkörper-CT, Ganzkörper-MRT oder PET?
verfasst von
Dr.med. Jennifer Mosebach
Dr. med. Bettina Beuthien-Baumann
Prof. Dr. med. Dipl.-Phys. Heinz-Peter Schlemmer
Prof. Dr. med. Stefan Delorme
Publikationsdatum
13.06.2018
Verlag
Springer Medizin
Erschienen in
Die Onkologie / Ausgabe 8/2018
Print ISSN: 2731-7226
Elektronische ISSN: 2731-7234
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00761-018-0392-1

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