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Erschienen in: Der Pathologe 6/2005

01.11.2005 | Schwerpunkt: Prostatapathologie

Neuroendokrine Differenzierung im Prostatakarzinom

Ein Marker für die Androgen- und Strahlenresistenz

verfasst von: Prof. Dr. H. Bonkhoff, T. Fixemer

Erschienen in: Die Pathologie | Ausgabe 6/2005

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Zusammenfassung

Das gewöhnliche Adenokarzinom der Prostata besteht überwiegend aus exokrinen (PSA-produzierenden) Tumorzellen. Daneben finden sich neuroendokrine (NE) Tumorzellen, die nahezu in allen Prostatakarzinomen (PCa) vorkommen. Der NE-Phänotyp wird meist erst immunhistochemisch (Chromogranin A) erkannt. Zellbiologische und klinische Daten sprechen für die Androgen- und Strahlenresistenz der NE-Tumorzellen im gewöhnlichen Prostatakarzinom.
Die NE-Tumorzellen befinden sich in der G0-Phase des Zellzyklus und sind weitgehend resistent gegenüber dem programmierten Zelltod. Sie entstehen über einen Prozess der intermediären Differenzierung aus dem exokrinen Tumorzelltyp. Den NE-Tumorzellen fehlt der Androgenrezeptor (AR), sie produzieren aber eine Reihe von hormonellen Wachstumsfaktoren, die die Proliferationsaktivität in benachbarten, exokrinen Tumorzellen über parakrine (androgenunabhängige) Regulationsmechanismen beeinflussen können.
Die NE-Tumorzellen bilden somit eine androgeninsensitive Zellpopulation im Prostatakarzinom und sind als G0-Zellen relativ strahlenresistent und potenziell unsterblich. In der klinischen und histopathologischen Routinediagnostik sollte gezielt nach der NE-Differenzierung gefahndet werden, wenn für den Patienten die Option auf eine Androgenentzugs- bzw. Strahlentherapie besteht.
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Metadaten
Titel
Neuroendokrine Differenzierung im Prostatakarzinom
Ein Marker für die Androgen- und Strahlenresistenz
verfasst von
Prof. Dr. H. Bonkhoff
T. Fixemer
Publikationsdatum
01.11.2005
Verlag
Springer-Verlag
Erschienen in
Die Pathologie / Ausgabe 6/2005
Print ISSN: 2731-7188
Elektronische ISSN: 2731-7196
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00292-005-0791-0

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