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29.07.2021 | Review Article

Neurotoxicity of silver nanoparticles in the animal brain: a systematic review and meta-analysis

verfasst von: Atousa Janzadeh, Zahra Behroozi, Farzaneh saliminia, Narges Janzadeh, Hossein Arzani, Kiarash Tanha, Michael R. Hamblin, Fatemeh Ramezani

Erschienen in: Forensic Toxicology | Ausgabe 1/2022

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Abstract

Objective

About 30% of all nanoparticle products contain silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). With the increasing use of AgNPs in industry and medicine, concerns about the adverse effects on the environment, and the possible toxicity of these particles to primary cells and towards organs such as the brain and nervous system increased. In this paper, the toxicity of AgNPs in neurons and brain of animal models was investigated by a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Methods

The full texts of 26 relevant studies were reviewed and analyzed. Data from nine separate experiments in five articles were analyzed by calculating the standardized mean differences between viability of treated animals and untreated groups. Subgroup analysis was conducted. In addition, a systematic review provided a complete, exhaustive summary of all articles.

Results

The results of the meta-analysis showed that AgNPs are able to cause neuronal death after entering the brain (standardized mean difference (SMD) = 2.87; 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.1–3.61; p < 0.001). AgNPs sized smaller or larger than 10 nm could both cause neuronal cell death. This effect could be observed for a long time (up to 6 months). Neurons from embryonic animals whose mothers had been exposed to AgNPs during pregnancy were affected as much as animals that were themselves exposed to AgNPs. Toxic effects of AgNPs on memory and cognitive function were also observed. Studies have shown that inflammation and increased oxidative stress followed by apoptosis are likely to be the main mechanisms of AgNPs toxicity.

Conclusion

AgNPs can enter the brain with a long half-life and it can cause neuronal death after entering the brain. AgNPs can manifest proinflammatory cascades in the CNS and BBB. Some toxic effects were detected in the cerebral cortex, hypothalamus, hippocampus and others. Studies have shown that inflammation and increased oxidative stress lead to apoptosis, the main mechanism of AgNPs neurotoxicity, which can be caused by an increase in silver ions from AgNPs.

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Titel: Neurotoxicity of silver nanoparticles in the animal brain: a systematic review and meta-analysis
verfasst von: Atousa Janzadeh
Zahra Behroozi
Farzaneh saliminia
Narges Janzadeh
Hossein Arzani
Kiarash Tanha
Michael R. Hamblin
Fatemeh Ramezani
Publikationsdatum: 29.07.2021
Verlag: Springer Singapore
Erschienen in: Forensic Toxicology / Ausgabe 1/2022
Print ISSN: 1860-8965
Elektronische ISSN: 1860-8973
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11419-021-00589-4

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Neurotoxicity of silver nanoparticles in the animal brain: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Abstract

Objective

Methods

Results

Conclusion

Neu im Fachgebiet Rechtsmedizin

Theoretische Grundlagen von Explosionen und Explosionsverletzungen

Auswirkungen vorgeschalteter Laborprozesse auf die Digitalisierung histologischer Schnittpräparate

Knochenmarkhistologie bei Zytopenien

Herausforderungen der Automation bei der quantitativen Auswertung von Leberbiopsien

Live-Webinar: Aktuelle Leitlinien bei Herz-Kreislauf-Erkrankungen

Springer Medizin

Abstract

Objective

Methods

Results

Conclusion

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