Skip to main content
Erschienen in: Die Onkologie 2/2022

02.12.2021 | Nierenkarzinom | CME

Risikostratifizierung und Therapiealgorithmus des metastasierten Nierenzellkarzinoms

verfasst von: Susan Foller, Katharina Leucht, Prof. Dr. med. Marc-Oliver Grimm

Erschienen in: Die Onkologie | Ausgabe 2/2022

Einloggen, um Zugang zu erhalten

Zusammenfassung

Die systemische Therapie des metastasierten Nierenzellkarzinoms hat sich in den letzten beiden Jahrzehnten kontinuierlich weiterentwickelt. Dabei wurden signifikante Verbesserungen bezüglich des Gesamtüberlebens und der Lebensqualität von Patienten mit fortgeschrittener Erkrankung beobachtet. Mit Zulassung von Kombinationstherapien mit PD-(L)1(„programmed cell death protein 1“ [bzw. dessen Ligand])-Immuncheckpoint-Inhibitoren (ICI) als Erstlinientherapie im Jahr 2019 wurde die zuvor standardmäßig eingesetzte VEGFR(„vascular epidermal growth factor receptor“)-TKI(Tyrosinkinaseinhibitor)-Monotherapie als primäre Behandlung abgelöst. Neben der Immuntherapie mit Nivolumab und Ipilimumab sind mittlerweile vier VEGFR-TKI/ICI-Kombinationen zugelassen. Der Therapieauswahl sollte eine Risikostratifizierung anhand definierter Kriterien des International Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma Database Consortium (IMDC) vorangehen. Klinische Parameter sowie eine ausführliche Beratung der Patienten zu Unterschieden im Effektivitätsprofil (Ansprechrate, langfristiges progressionsfreies Überleben), möglichen Nebenwirkungen und Auswirkungen auf die Lebensqualität helfen, eine individuelle Therapieentscheidung zu treffen und die Vorteile einer Strategie möglichst optimal zu nutzen.
Literatur
1.
Zurück zum Zitat Robert Koch Institut (2020) Krebs in Deutschland für 2015/2016, 12. Aufl. (Korrigierte Fassung vom 17.08.2020) Robert Koch Institut (2020) Krebs in Deutschland für 2015/2016, 12. Aufl. (Korrigierte Fassung vom 17.08.2020)
2.
Zurück zum Zitat Ljungberg B et al (2015) EAU guidelines on renal cell carcinoma: 2014 update. Eur Urol 67(5):913–924CrossRefPubMed Ljungberg B et al (2015) EAU guidelines on renal cell carcinoma: 2014 update. Eur Urol 67(5):913–924CrossRefPubMed
3.
Zurück zum Zitat Dabestani S et al (2016) Renal cell carcinoma recurrences and metastases in primary non-metastatic patients: a population-based study. World J Urol 34(8):1081–1086CrossRefPubMed Dabestani S et al (2016) Renal cell carcinoma recurrences and metastases in primary non-metastatic patients: a population-based study. World J Urol 34(8):1081–1086CrossRefPubMed
4.
Zurück zum Zitat Heng DY et al (2009) Prognostic factors for overall survival in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma treated with vascular endothelial growth factor-targeted agents: results from a large, multicenter study. J Clin Oncol 27(34):5794–5799CrossRefPubMed Heng DY et al (2009) Prognostic factors for overall survival in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma treated with vascular endothelial growth factor-targeted agents: results from a large, multicenter study. J Clin Oncol 27(34):5794–5799CrossRefPubMed
5.
6.
Zurück zum Zitat Rini BI et al (2019) Pembrolizumab plus axitinib versus sunitinib for advanced renal-cell carcinoma. N Engl J Med 380(12):1116–1127CrossRefPubMed Rini BI et al (2019) Pembrolizumab plus axitinib versus sunitinib for advanced renal-cell carcinoma. N Engl J Med 380(12):1116–1127CrossRefPubMed
7.
8.
10.
Zurück zum Zitat Leitlinienprogramm Onkologie (2020) S3-Leitlinie Diagnostik, Therapie und Nachsorge des Nierenzellkarzinoms Leitlinienprogramm Onkologie (2020) S3-Leitlinie Diagnostik, Therapie und Nachsorge des Nierenzellkarzinoms
12.
Zurück zum Zitat Powles T (2021) Recent eupdate to the ESMO clinical practice guidelines on renal cell carcinoma on cabozantinib and nivolumab for first-line clear cell renal cancer: renal cell carcinoma: ESMO clinical practice guidelines for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up1. Ann Oncol 32(3):422–423CrossRefPubMed Powles T (2021) Recent eupdate to the ESMO clinical practice guidelines on renal cell carcinoma on cabozantinib and nivolumab for first-line clear cell renal cancer: renal cell carcinoma: ESMO clinical practice guidelines for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up1. Ann Oncol 32(3):422–423CrossRefPubMed
13.
Zurück zum Zitat Motzer R et al (2021) Conditional survival and 5‑year follow-up in CheckMate 214: first-line nivolumab plus ipilimumab versus sunitinib in advanced renal cell carcinoma, S 16–21 Motzer R et al (2021) Conditional survival and 5‑year follow-up in CheckMate 214: first-line nivolumab plus ipilimumab versus sunitinib in advanced renal cell carcinoma, S 16–21
14.
Zurück zum Zitat Albiges L et al (2020) Nivolumab plus ipilimumab versus sunitinib for first-line treatment of advanced renal cell carcinoma: extended 4‑year follow-up of the phase III checkmate 214 trial. ESMO Open 5(6):e1079CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Albiges L et al (2020) Nivolumab plus ipilimumab versus sunitinib for first-line treatment of advanced renal cell carcinoma: extended 4‑year follow-up of the phase III checkmate 214 trial. ESMO Open 5(6):e1079CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
15.
Zurück zum Zitat Rini B et al (2021) Pembrolizumab (pembro) plus axitinib (axi) versus sunitinib as first-line therapy for advanced clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC): results from 42-month follow-up of KEYNOTE-426. ASCO Annual Meeting. Rini B et al (2021) Pembrolizumab (pembro) plus axitinib (axi) versus sunitinib as first-line therapy for advanced clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC): results from 42-month follow-up of KEYNOTE-426. ASCO Annual Meeting.
17.
Zurück zum Zitat Apolo AB et al (2021) Nivolumab plus cabozantinib versus sunitinib for advanced renal cell carcinoma: outcomes by baseline disease characteristics in the phase 3 CheckMate 9ER trial. ASCO Annual Meeting. Apolo AB et al (2021) Nivolumab plus cabozantinib versus sunitinib for advanced renal cell carcinoma: outcomes by baseline disease characteristics in the phase 3 CheckMate 9ER trial. ASCO Annual Meeting.
18.
Zurück zum Zitat Grünwald V et al (2021) Analysis of the CLEAR study in patients (pts) with advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC): depth of response and efficacy for selected subgroups in the lenvatinib (LEN) + pembrolizumab (PEMBRO) and sunitinib (SUN) treatment arms. ASCO Annual Meeting. Grünwald V et al (2021) Analysis of the CLEAR study in patients (pts) with advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC): depth of response and efficacy for selected subgroups in the lenvatinib (LEN) + pembrolizumab (PEMBRO) and sunitinib (SUN) treatment arms. ASCO Annual Meeting.
19.
Zurück zum Zitat Motzer RJ et al (2021) Nivolumab + cabozantinib (NIVO+CABO) versus sunitinib (SUN) for advanced renal cell carcinoma (aRCC): outcomes by sarcomatoid histology and updated trial results with extended follow-up of CheckMate 9ER. ASCO Genitourinary Cancer Symposium. Motzer RJ et al (2021) Nivolumab + cabozantinib (NIVO+CABO) versus sunitinib (SUN) for advanced renal cell carcinoma (aRCC): outcomes by sarcomatoid histology and updated trial results with extended follow-up of CheckMate 9ER. ASCO Genitourinary Cancer Symposium.
20.
Zurück zum Zitat Choueiri TK et al (2018) Cabozantinib versus sunitinib as initial therapy for metastatic renal cell carcinoma of intermediate or poor risk (alliance A031203 CABOSUN randomised trial): progression-free survival by independent review and overall survival update. Eur J Cancer 94:115–125CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Choueiri TK et al (2018) Cabozantinib versus sunitinib as initial therapy for metastatic renal cell carcinoma of intermediate or poor risk (alliance A031203 CABOSUN randomised trial): progression-free survival by independent review and overall survival update. Eur J Cancer 94:115–125CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
21.
Zurück zum Zitat Powles T et al (2018) Outcomes based on prior therapy in the phase 3 METEOR trial of cabozantinib versus everolimus in advanced renal cell carcinoma. Br J Cancer 119(6):663–669CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Powles T et al (2018) Outcomes based on prior therapy in the phase 3 METEOR trial of cabozantinib versus everolimus in advanced renal cell carcinoma. Br J Cancer 119(6):663–669CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
23.
Zurück zum Zitat Lee C‑H et al (2020) Phase II trial of lenvatinib (LEN) plus pembrolizumab (PEMBRO) for disease progression after PD-1/PD-L1 immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) in metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma (mccRCC). J Clin Oncol 38(15):5008–5008CrossRef Lee C‑H et al (2020) Phase II trial of lenvatinib (LEN) plus pembrolizumab (PEMBRO) for disease progression after PD-1/PD-L1 immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) in metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma (mccRCC). J Clin Oncol 38(15):5008–5008CrossRef
24.
Zurück zum Zitat Larkin J et al (2014) Axitinib for the treatment of metastatic renal cell carcinoma: recommendations for therapy management to optimize outcomes. Am J Clin Oncol 37(4):397–403CrossRefPubMed Larkin J et al (2014) Axitinib for the treatment of metastatic renal cell carcinoma: recommendations for therapy management to optimize outcomes. Am J Clin Oncol 37(4):397–403CrossRefPubMed
25.
Zurück zum Zitat Grimm MO et al (2019) Safe use of immune checkpoint inhibitors in the multidisciplinary management of urological cancer: the European association of urology position in 2019. Eur Urol 76(3):368–380CrossRefPubMed Grimm MO et al (2019) Safe use of immune checkpoint inhibitors in the multidisciplinary management of urological cancer: the European association of urology position in 2019. Eur Urol 76(3):368–380CrossRefPubMed
26.
Zurück zum Zitat Grimm MO et al (2021) Side effects of immune checkpoint inhibitor treatment of urological tumors. Urologe A 60(6):803–815CrossRefPubMed Grimm MO et al (2021) Side effects of immune checkpoint inhibitor treatment of urological tumors. Urologe A 60(6):803–815CrossRefPubMed
27.
Zurück zum Zitat Khan OF, Monzon J (2020) Diagnosis, monitoring, and management of adverse events from immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy. Curr Oncol 27(2):S43–s50CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Khan OF, Monzon J (2020) Diagnosis, monitoring, and management of adverse events from immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy. Curr Oncol 27(2):S43–s50CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
29.
Zurück zum Zitat Plimack ER et al (2020) Pembrolizumab plus axitinib versus sunitinib as first-line therapy for advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC): updated analysis of KEYNOTE-426. J Clin Oncol 38(15):5001–5001CrossRef Plimack ER et al (2020) Pembrolizumab plus axitinib versus sunitinib as first-line therapy for advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC): updated analysis of KEYNOTE-426. J Clin Oncol 38(15):5001–5001CrossRef
31.
Zurück zum Zitat Motzer RJ et al (2021) Health-related quality-of-life (HRQoL) analysis from the phase 3 CLEAR trial of lenvatinib (LEN) plus pembrolizumab (PEMBRO) or everolimus (EVE) versus sunitinib (SUN) for patients (pts) with advanced renal cell carcinoma (aRCC). J Clin Oncol 39(15):4502–4502CrossRef Motzer RJ et al (2021) Health-related quality-of-life (HRQoL) analysis from the phase 3 CLEAR trial of lenvatinib (LEN) plus pembrolizumab (PEMBRO) or everolimus (EVE) versus sunitinib (SUN) for patients (pts) with advanced renal cell carcinoma (aRCC). J Clin Oncol 39(15):4502–4502CrossRef
32.
Zurück zum Zitat Grimm MO et al (2019) Checkmate 214 patients who discontinued first-line nivolumab + Ipilimumab or sunitinib due to treatment-related adverse events. Urologe 58(1):43CrossRef Grimm MO et al (2019) Checkmate 214 patients who discontinued first-line nivolumab + Ipilimumab or sunitinib due to treatment-related adverse events. Urologe 58(1):43CrossRef
33.
Zurück zum Zitat Apolo AB (2021) Expanding VEGF blockade combination therapeutic options in advanced renal cell carcinoma. ASCO Annual Meeting. Apolo AB (2021) Expanding VEGF blockade combination therapeutic options in advanced renal cell carcinoma. ASCO Annual Meeting.
34.
Zurück zum Zitat Cella D et al (2019) Patient-reported outcomes of patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma treated with nivolumab plus ipilimumab versus sunitinib (CheckMate 214): a randomised, phase 3 trial. Lancet Oncol 20(2):297–310CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Cella D et al (2019) Patient-reported outcomes of patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma treated with nivolumab plus ipilimumab versus sunitinib (CheckMate 214): a randomised, phase 3 trial. Lancet Oncol 20(2):297–310CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
35.
Zurück zum Zitat Bedke J et al (2020) Health-related quality-of-life (HRQoL) analysis from KEYNOTE-426: pembrolizumab (pembro) plus axitinib (axi) vs sunitinib for advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC). EAU Congress 2020, 19. Juli 2020 Bedke J et al (2020) Health-related quality-of-life (HRQoL) analysis from KEYNOTE-426: pembrolizumab (pembro) plus axitinib (axi) vs sunitinib for advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC). EAU Congress 2020, 19. Juli 2020
36.
Zurück zum Zitat Cella D et al (2021) Patient-reported outcomes of patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma (aRCC) treated with first-line nivolumab plus cabozantinib versus sunitinib: the checkmate 9ER trial. J Clin Oncol 39(6):285–285CrossRef Cella D et al (2021) Patient-reported outcomes of patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma (aRCC) treated with first-line nivolumab plus cabozantinib versus sunitinib: the checkmate 9ER trial. J Clin Oncol 39(6):285–285CrossRef
37.
Zurück zum Zitat Cella D et al (2007) Development and validation of a scale to measure disease-related symptoms of kidney cancer. Value Health 10(4):285–293CrossRefPubMed Cella D et al (2007) Development and validation of a scale to measure disease-related symptoms of kidney cancer. Value Health 10(4):285–293CrossRefPubMed
Metadaten
Titel
Risikostratifizierung und Therapiealgorithmus des metastasierten Nierenzellkarzinoms
verfasst von
Susan Foller
Katharina Leucht
Prof. Dr. med. Marc-Oliver Grimm
Publikationsdatum
02.12.2021
Verlag
Springer Medizin
Erschienen in
Die Onkologie / Ausgabe 2/2022
Print ISSN: 2731-7226
Elektronische ISSN: 2731-7234
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00761-021-01062-y

Weitere Artikel der Ausgabe 2/2022

Die Onkologie 2/2022 Zur Ausgabe