Background
Participants and methods
Participants
Serological analyses
Statistical analyses
Results
Diagnostic group | Value | Test | Comparison | P-value | PD | PD-WOC | PD-MCI | PD-D | All controls |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Male | n (%) | chi2 | all PD vs. Controls | 0.9747 | 186 (63) | 89 (59) | 77 (68) | 20 (63) | 185 (63) |
Mean Sample age in years | mean/sd | t.test | all PD vs. Controls | 0.0007 | 68 ± 7 | 66 ± 7 | 69 ± 5 | 73 ± 6 | 66 ± 6 |
Age PD onset | mean/sd | ANOVA | PD-WOC, PD-MCI, PD-D | 0.0103 | 60 ± 9 | 59 ± 8 | 61 ± 8 | 63 ± 10 | na |
PD duration | mean/sd | ANOVA | PD-WOC, PD-MCI, PD-D | 0.0930 | 8.3 ± 5.9 | 7.6 ± 5.2 | 8.7 ± 5.9 | 9.9 ± 7.7 | na |
UPDRS III | median/mad | KW | PD-WOC, PD-MCI, PD-D | 3.06E-06 | 21 ± 11.9 | 18 ± 10.4 | 22 ± 11.9 | 31 ± 14.1 | na |
MMSE | median/mad | KW | PD-WOC, PD-MCI, PD-D | 9.34E-12 | 29 ± 1.5 | 29 ± 1.5 | 28 ± 1.5 | 25 ± 3.0 | na |
PANDA | median/mad | KW | PD-WOC, PD-MCI, PD-D | 3.40E-12 | 23 ± 5.9 | 26 ± 4.5 | 22 ± 4.5 | 13 ± 7.4 | na |
Wechsler Memory Scale digit span reverse, number of correct numerical series | median/mad | KW | PD-WOC, PD-MCI, PD-D | 3.21E-07 | 6 ± 1.5 | 6 ± 1.5 | 5 ± 1.5 | 4 ± 3.0 | na |
Modified Card Sorting Test, Categories completed | median/mad | KW | PD-WOC, PD-MCI, PD-D | 4.2E-11 | 4 ± 1.5 | 5 ± 1.5 | 3 ± 1.5 | 2 ± 1.5 | na |
Stroop Test reading colours (s) | median/mad | KW | PD-WOC, PD-MCI, PD-D | 6.67E-08 | 36 ± 6.7 | 32 ± 5.9 | 38 ± 7.4 | 49 ± 14.8 | na |
Stroop Test naming colours (s) | median/mad | KW | PD-WOC, PD-MCI, PD-D | 1.11E-06 | 53 ± 11.9 | 50 ± 8.9 | 55 ± 14.1 | 62 ± 8.9 | na |
Stroop Test interference (s) | median/mad | KW | PD-WOC, PD-MCI, PD-D | 9.71E-09 | 101 ± 23.7 | 90 ± 19.3 | 105 ± 28.9 | 161 ± 68.9 | na |
CERAD Trail Making Test A, time to complete (s) | median/mad | KW | PD-WOC, PD-MCI, PD-D | 2.31E-13 | 45 ± 17.8 | 38 ± 10.4 | 51 ± 17.8 | 96 ± 46.7 | na |
CERAD Trail Making Test B, time to complete (s) | median/mad | KW | PD-WOC, PD-MCI, PD-D | 2.31E-13 | 120 ± 63.8 | 92 ± 36.3 | 141.0 ± 67.5 | 275 ± 37.1 | na |
CERAD word list memory test, sum score of 3 trails, immediate recall (range 0–30) | median/mad | KW | PD-WOC, PD-MCI, PD-D | 4.75E-11 | 19 ± 4.5 | 22 ± 4.5 | 19 ± 4.5 | 14 ± 5.9 | na |
CERAD word list, delayed free recall (range 0–10) | median/mad | KW | PD-WOC, PD-MCI, PD-D | 5.66E-11 | 7 ± 3.0 | 8 ± 1.5 | 6 ± 3.0 | 4 ± 1.5 | na |
Performance Evaluation System for Seniors (LPS 50+) subtest spatial abilities, sum of correct items | median/mad | KW | PD-WOC, PD-MCI, PD-D | 3.52E-13 | 18 ± 7.4 | 21 ± 4.5 | 15 ± 7.4 | 5 ± 4.4 | na |
NMDA positive | n (%) | chi2 | all PD vs. Controls | 0.0032 | 38(13)/258(87) | na | na | na | 65(22)/230(78) |
NMDA positive | n (%) | chi2 | PD-WOC, PD-MCI, PD-D | 0.8854 | na | 18(12)/132(88) | 16(14)/98(86) | 4(13)/28(87) | na |
NMDA positive | n (%) | chi2 | PD-WOC vs. (PD-MCI + PD-D) | 0.6622 | na | 18(12)/132(88) | 20(14)/126(86) | na | |
NMDA positive | n (%) | chi2 | PD-WOC vs. PD-D | 0.9372 | na | 18(12)/132(88) | na | 4(13)/28(87) | na |
Metric between nmda negative and nmda positive PD patients | Value | Test | P-value |
---|---|---|---|
Sample age | mean/sd | t-test | 0.655 |
Age PD onset | mean/sd | t-test | 0.316 |
PD duration | mean/sd | t-test | 0.401 |
UPDRS III | median/mad | MWU | 0.723 |
MMSE | median/mad | MWU | 0.808 |
PANDA | median/mad | MWU | 0.174 |
Wechsler Memory Scale digit span reverse, number of correct numerical series | median/mad | MWU | 0.259 |
Modified Card Sorting Test, Categories completed | median/mad | MWU | 0.325 |
Stroop Test reading colours (s) | median/mad | MWU | 0.190 |
Stroop Test naming colours (s) | median/mad | MWU | 0.390 |
Stroop Test interference (s) | median/mad | MWU | 0.589 |
CERAD Trail Making Test A, time to complete (s) | median/mad | MWU | 0.075 |
CERAD Trail Making Test B, time to complete (s) | median/mad | MWU | 0.167 |
CERAD word list memory test, sum score of 3 trails, immediate recall (range 0–30) | median/mad | MWU | 0.163 |
CERAD word list, delayed free recall (range 0–10) | median/mad | MWU | 0.308 |
Performance Evaluation System for Seniors (LPS 50+) subtest spatial abilities, sum of correct items | median/mad | MWU | 0.070 |