Background
Methods
Sampling
EORTC QLQ-C30
Statistical analysis
Results
Sample
Unweighted data | Weighted data | ||
---|---|---|---|
Sex N (%) | Female | 502 (50.1%) | 515 (51.4%) |
Male | 500 (49.9%) | 487 (48.6%) | |
Age (years) | M (SD) | 53.7 (15.3) | 47.7 (17.3) |
Median (IQR) | 54 (43–67) | 48 (33–62) | |
Educationa N (%) | Less than compulsory (no or some primary education) | 1 (0.1%) | 3 (0.3%) |
Compulsory (about 9 years of schooling) | 128 (12.9%) | 118 (11.9%) | |
Some post-compulsory (above 9 years of schooling without reaching university entrance certificate) | 234 (23.6%) | 221 (22.3%) | |
Post-compulsory below university | 281 (28.4%) | 292 (29.5%) | |
College (bachelor’s or equivalent level) | 105 (10.6%) | 120 (12.1%) | |
University degree (Master, Doc, or equivalent) | 242 (24.4%) | 237 (23.9%) | |
Prefer not to answer a | 11 | 11 | |
Marital statusa N (%) | Single | 159 (16.0%) | 242 (24.4%) |
Married (or in a steady relationship) | 692 (69.6%) | 633 (63.9%) | |
Separated / divorced / widowed | 143 (14.4%) | 116 (11.7%) | |
Prefer not to answer a | 8 | 12 | |
Employment statusa N (%) | Employed full time | 357 (35.8%) | 396 (39.8%) |
Employed part time | 86 (8.6%) | 95 (9.5%) | |
Homemaker | 17 (1.7%) | 15 (1.5%) | |
Student | 30 (3%) | 78 (7.8%) | |
Unemployed | 22 (2.2%) | 28 (2.8%) | |
Retired | 361 (36.2%) | 262 (26.3%) | |
Self-employed | 94 (9.4%) | 91 (9.1%) | |
Other | 30 (3%) | 31 (3.1%) | |
Prefer not to answer a | 5 | 6 | |
Health statusa,b N (%) | No health condition | 444 (46.4%) | 506 (52.6%) |
At least one health condition | 513 (53.6%) | 456 (47.4%) | |
Chronic pain | 240 (25.1%) | 208 (21.6%) | |
Heart disease | 60 (6.3%) | 45 (4.7%) | |
Cancer | 28 (2.9%) | 23 (2.4%) | |
Depression | 61 (6.4%) | 61 (6.3%) | |
COPD | 33 (3.4%) | 26 (2.7%) | |
Arthritis | 108 (11.3%) | 87 (9.1%) | |
Diabetes | 62 (6.5%) | 47 (4.9%) | |
Asthma | 33 (3.5%) | 34 (3.5%) | |
Anxiety disorder | 24 (2.5%) | 24 (2.5%) | |
Obesity | 65 (6.8%) | 56 (5.9%) | |
Drug/alcohol use disorder | 5 (0.5%) | 5 (0.5%) | |
Other | 162 (16.9%) | 143 (14.8%) | |
Prefer not to answer | 37 | 34 | |
Missing | 8 | 6 |
Normative data for the EORTC QLQ-C30
Total | Females | Males | ||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
All | 18–29 | 30–39 | 40–49 | 50–59 | 60–69 | ≥70 | All | 18–29 | 30–39 | 40–49 | 50–59 | 60–69 | ≥70 | |||
Physical functioning | M | 89.72 | 88.59 | 90.85 | 93.33 | 88.98 | 90.47 | 86.93 | 81.27 | 90.92 | 93.96 | 89.86 | 92.19 | 91.13 | 92.27 | 84.00 |
SD | 13.89 | 14.43 | 9.69 | 10.81 | 14.26 | 13.81 | 16.02 | 17.98 | 13.22 | 6.56 | 12.70 | 12.57 | 14.48 | 12.17 | 18.76 | |
Role functioning | M | 88.92 | 87.71 | 91.09 | 92.98 | 86.63 | 87.67 | 86.63 | 81.50 | 90.19 | 94.79 | 93.24 | 89.39 | 89.00 | 87.83 | 83.83 |
SD | 20.35 | 21.90 | 18.89 | 16.01 | 25.19 | 19.64 | 23.28 | 25.40 | 18.50 | 10.62 | 15.20 | 20.69 | 20.97 | 20.15 | 21.96 | |
Emotional functioning | M | 78.13 | 76.31 | 74.03 | 71.78 | 71.12 | 77.50 | 80.94 | 83.08 | 80.06 | 78.65 | 75.60 | 78.11 | 78.67 | 84.58 | 88.00 |
SD | 22.25 | 22.85 | 26.18 | 24.73 | 23.69 | 20.55 | 18.51 | 19.08 | 21.46 | 24.85 | 21.91 | 23.81 | 21.58 | 14.62 | 12.92 | |
Cognitive functioning | M | 89.06 | 88.83 | 87.98 | 91.81 | 88.61 | 90.00 | 88.78 | 86.50 | 89.31 | 89.58 | 91.79 | 88.38 | 90.50 | 86.83 | 87.83 |
SD | 17.76 | 17.39 | 21.47 | 14.10 | 16.33 | 15.90 | 17.23 | 17.20 | 18.16 | 22.83 | 14.46 | 20.97 | 15.95 | 16.00 | 13.40 | |
Social functioning | M | 92.23 | 92.60 | 95.35 | 94.15 | 89.93 | 91.50 | 92.08 | 92.17 | 91.84 | 90.63 | 92.51 | 91.41 | 90.83 | 94.00 | 93.00 |
SD | 17.14 | 15.95 | 9.78 | 13.14 | 19.32 | 18.13 | 18.55 | 15.80 | 18.33 | 20.05 | 18.18 | 18.66 | 19.60 | 13.97 | 17.16 | |
Global health/QoL | M | 75.65 | 73.98 | 75.00 | 77.34 | 71.37 | 74.42 | 74.59 | 71.75 | 77.41 | 80.73 | 77.78 | 74.83 | 76.25 | 77.17 | 76.75 |
SD | 20.02 | 20.64 | 19.20 | 16.61 | 21.73 | 21.70 | 22.15 | 21.94 | 19.20 | 20.01 | 19.98 | 17.59 | 18.79 | 17.33 | 20.99 | |
Fatigue | M | 24.12 | 26.13 | 28.17 | 23.98 | 28.71 | 23.44 | 24.86 | 26.56 | 22.00 | 23.61 | 25.44 | 22.67 | 20.44 | 18.67 | 19.44 |
SD | 22.72 | 23.72 | 19.61 | 22.64 | 25.56 | 25.58 | 25.02 | 24.37 | 21.43 | 20.84 | 22.21 | 23.28 | 23.00 | 18.54 | 18.83 | |
Nausea/vomiting | M | 1.99 | 2.38 | 5.04 | 2.05 | 2.48 | 1.33 | 1.82 | 1.00 | 1.57 | 2.60 | 1.21 | 2.02 | 0.50 | 1.67 | 1.00 |
SD | 8.29 | 9.63 | 16.37 | 9.46 | 7.60 | 5.65 | 6.21 | 4.63 | 6.56 | 8.49 | 5.20 | 7.64 | 3.71 | 7.33 | 4.64 | |
Pain | M | 19.96 | 21.28 | 14.34 | 15.20 | 19.64 | 24.83 | 24.59 | 29.83 | 18.56 | 13.54 | 12.56 | 20.88 | 21.17 | 23.17 | 23.17 |
SD | 24.33 | 25.37 | 18.97 | 18.93 | 25.12 | 26.77 | 26.70 | 30.65 | 23.12 | 20.27 | 19.66 | 24.34 | 23.21 | 23.16 | 26.96 | |
Dyspnea | M | 10.89 | 12.15 | 3.88 | 7.60 | 15.51 | 10.67 | 16.83 | 20.00 | 9.56 | 5.21 | 8.70 | 8.08 | 11.67 | 11.33 | 15.33 |
SD | 20.57 | 20.89 | 10.74 | 16.65 | 21.91 | 20.05 | 24.85 | 25.08 | 20.16 | 14.76 | 17.75 | 19.70 | 22.92 | 20.84 | 24.87 | |
Insomnia | M | 20.01 | 23.33 | 19.38 | 14.04 | 25.41 | 28.00 | 31.02 | 23.67 | 16.49 | 9.37 | 11.11 | 21.89 | 21.67 | 17.33 | 19.67 |
SD | 27.84 | 30.27 | 27.25 | 23.47 | 29.89 | 33.77 | 33.51 | 31.18 | 24.55 | 19.15 | 21.12 | 27.02 | 26.98 | 23.52 | 26.91 | |
Appetite loss | M | 4.38 | 5.88 | 9.30 | 5.26 | 3.63 | 4.67 | 5.61 | 6.00 | 2.79 | 2.08 | 1.93 | 4.38 | 2.33 | 3.67 | 2.67 |
SD | 16.09 | 19.61 | 26.37 | 17.54 | 14.07 | 17.75 | 17.73 | 19.76 | 11.00 | 8.11 | 7.84 | 15.55 | 9.78 | 13.36 | 10.28 | |
Constipation | M | 6.18 | 7.76 | 5.43 | 9.36 | 9.57 | 4.33 | 6.60 | 11.33 | 4.50 | 2.08 | 4.83 | 3.70 | 5.00 | 4.33 | 8.67 |
SD | 17.28 | 19.95 | 19.02 | 23.31 | 20.74 | 13.95 | 17.70 | 22.84 | 13.72 | 8.11 | 14.31 | 12.51 | 15.27 | 12.27 | 19.37 | |
Diarrhea | M | 7.54 | 7.13 | 8.53 | 7.02 | 7.26 | 8.00 | 7.26 | 4.67 | 7.98 | 8.33 | 7.25 | 6.40 | 10.67 | 6.67 | 8.00 |
SD | 18.66 | 18.26 | 19.24 | 17.48 | 18.03 | 20.73 | 18.07 | 15.73 | 19.08 | 20.51 | 14.97 | 18.25 | 20.60 | 19.02 | 20.22 | |
Financial difficulties | M | 5.05 | 5.96 | 6.98 | 2.34 | 7.26 | 6.67 | 7.26 | 5.00 | 4.08 | 4.17 | 5.80 | 3.70 | 4.33 | 2.33 | 3.67 |
SD | 17.56 | 18.77 | 21.13 | 10.63 | 21.93 | 20.12 | 20.39 | 15.27 | 16.13 | 18.25 | 20.56 | 13.38 | 15.48 | 9.81 | 15.68 |
Total | 18–29 | 30–39 | 40–49 | 50–59 | 60–69 | ≥70 | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Physical functioning | M | 89.72 | 92.44 | 91.59 | 90.58 | 90.80 | 89.48 | 82.39 |
SD | 13.89 | 8.37 | 11.89 | 13.50 | 14.11 | 14.50 | 18.30 | |
Role functioning | M | 88.92 | 92.98 | 93.11 | 88.02 | 88.33 | 87.21 | 82.46 |
SD | 20.35 | 15.32 | 15.56 | 23.02 | 20.26 | 21.76 | 24.00 | |
Emotional functioning | M | 78.13 | 76.38 | 73.70 | 74.62 | 78.08 | 82.68 | 85.11 |
SD | 22.25 | 25.56 | 23.36 | 23.94 | 21.01 | 16.80 | 16.95 | |
Cognitive functioning | M | 89.06 | 88.80 | 91.80 | 88.50 | 90.25 | 87.85 | 87.05 |
SD | 17.76 | 22.14 | 14.23 | 18.74 | 15.88 | 16.61 | 15.72 | |
Social functioning | M | 92.23 | 92.94 | 93.33 | 90.68 | 91.17 | 93.00 | 92.51 |
SD | 17.14 | 16.01 | 15.85 | 18.95 | 18.83 | 16.48 | 16.32 | |
Global health/QoL | M | 75.65 | 77.92 | 77.56 | 73.10 | 75.33 | 75.82 | 73.81 |
SD | 20.02 | 19.78 | 18.32 | 19.78 | 20.26 | 19.96 | 21.63 | |
Fatigue | M | 24.12 | 25.84 | 24.71 | 25.69 | 21.95 | 21.90 | 23.63 |
SD | 22.72 | 20.33 | 22.37 | 24.57 | 24.30 | 22.29 | 22.47 | |
Nausea/vomiting | M | 1.99 | 3.80 | 1.63 | 2.25 | .92 | 1.74 | 1.00 |
SD | 8.29 | 12.99 | 7.61 | 7.60 | 4.79 | 6.74 | 4.62 | |
Pain | M | 19.96 | 13.93 | 13.88 | 20.26 | 23.00 | 23.91 | 27.09 |
SD | 24.33 | 19.60 | 19.28 | 24.67 | 25.05 | 24.98 | 29.29 | |
Dyspnea | M | 10.89 | 4.56 | 8.15 | 11.79 | 11.17 | 14.20 | 18.08 |
SD | 20.57 | 12.93 | 17.16 | 21.10 | 21.48 | 23.09 | 25.02 | |
Insomnia | M | 20.01 | 14.28 | 12.57 | 23.65 | 24.84 | 24.48 | 22.02 |
SD | 27.84 | 23.95 | 22.30 | 28.46 | 30.64 | 29.85 | 29.48 | |
Appetite loss | M | 4.38 | 5.62 | 3.59 | 4.00 | 3.50 | 4.68 | 4.63 |
SD | 16.09 | 19.64 | 13.62 | 14.79 | 14.34 | 15.76 | 16.57 | |
Constipation | M | 6.18 | 3.72 | 7.08 | 6.63 | 4.67 | 5.52 | 10.24 |
SD | 17.28 | 14.58 | 19.39 | 17.33 | 14.59 | 15.33 | 21.45 | |
Diarrhea | M | 7.54 | 8.43 | 7.13 | 6.83 | 9.33 | 6.98 | 6.04 |
SD | 18.66 | 19.85 | 16.22 | 18.09 | 20.65 | 18.45 | 17.73 | |
Financial difficulties | M | 5.05 | 5.54 | 4.08 | 5.48 | 5.50 | 4.90 | 4.45 |
SD | 17.56 | 19.72 | 16.43 | 18.19 | 17.94 | 16.34 | 15.40 |
Regression model predicting EORTC QLQ-C30 scores
Intercept | Sex | Age in years | Age in years (squared) | Age-by-sex | Health conditions (yes/no) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Physical functioning | 84.533 | 0.463 | 0.564 | -0.007 | -0.053 | -7.443 |
Role functioning | 90.685 | −3.946 | 0.378 | −0.005 | 0.030 | −11.821 |
Emotional functioning | 83.923 | −6.531 | −0.272 | 0.006 | 0.062 | −14.523 |
Cognitive functioning | 81.214 | −2.626 | 0.567 | −0.005 | 0.053 | −10.696 |
Social functioning | 92.991 | 4.809 | 0.026 | 0.001 | −0.084 | −11.907 |
Global health/QoL | 79.543 | −5.945 | 0.156 | − 0.001 | 0.064 | −16.450 |
Fatigue | 34.835 | 0.769 | −0.631 | 0.004 | 0.054 | 15.793 |
Nausea/vomiting | 7.393 | 3.556 | −0.283 | 0.002 | −0.058 | 3.455 |
Pain | 8.274 | −0.048 | −0.020 | 0.001 | 0.040 | 20.817 |
Dyspnea | 2.883 | −4.231 | −0.010 | 0.001 | 0.128 | 9.932 |
Insomnia | −4.711 | 8.358 | 0.588 | −0.005 | − 0.043 | 15.569 |
Appetite loss | 15.318 | 9.242 | −0.708 | 0.007 | −0.128 | 7.158 |
Constipation | 2.587 | 5.172 | −0.064 | 0.001 | −0.044 | 3.769 |
Diarrhea | 6.984 | 3.574 | −0.001 | 0.000 | −0.095 | 4.532 |
Financial difficulties | 6.042 | 0.449 | −0.145 | 0.000 | 0.029 | 8.990 |