Skip to main content
Erschienen in: Neurological Sciences 10/2021

01.08.2021 | Review Article

NOTCH2NLC-related repeat expansion disorders: an expanding group of neurodegenerative disorders

verfasst von: Lanxiao Cao, Yaping Yan, Guohua Zhao

Erschienen in: Neurological Sciences | Ausgabe 10/2021

Einloggen, um Zugang zu erhalten

Abstract

The NOTCH2NLC gene 5′ untranslated region (UTR) GGC repeat expansion mutations were identified as a genetic contributor of neuronal intranuclear inclusion disease (NIID) in 2019. Since then, the number of reported cases with NOTCH2NLC GGC repeat expansion in Asian and European populations has increased rapidly, indicating that the expanded mutation not only leads to the onset or progression of the NIID, but also may play an important role in multiple progressive neurological disorders, including Parkinson’s disease, essential tremor, multiple system atrophy, Alzheimer’s disease, frontotemporal dementia, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, leukoencephalopathy, and oculopharyngodistal myopathy type 3. Nevertheless, the underlying pathogenic mechanism of the NOTCH2NLC 5′ UTR region GGC repeat expansion in these disorders remains largely unknown. This review aims to present recent breakthroughs on this mutation and improve our knowledge of a newly defined spectrum of disease: NOTCH2NLC-related repeat expansion disorder.
Literatur
1.
Zurück zum Zitat Fiddes IT, Lodewijk GA, Mooring M, Bosworth CM, Ewing AD, Mantalas GL et al (2018) Human-specific NOTCH2NL genes affect notch signaling and cortical neurogenesis. Cell 173(6):1356–1369PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Fiddes IT, Lodewijk GA, Mooring M, Bosworth CM, Ewing AD, Mantalas GL et al (2018) Human-specific NOTCH2NL genes affect notch signaling and cortical neurogenesis. Cell 173(6):1356–1369PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
2.
Zurück zum Zitat Tian Y, Wang J, Huang W, Zeng S, Jiao B, Liu Z et al (2019) Expansion of human-specific GGC repeat in neuronal intranuclear inclusion. Am J Hum Genet 105(1):166–176PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Tian Y, Wang J, Huang W, Zeng S, Jiao B, Liu Z et al (2019) Expansion of human-specific GGC repeat in neuronal intranuclear inclusion. Am J Hum Genet 105(1):166–176PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
3.
Zurück zum Zitat Suzuki IK, Gacquer D, Van Heurck R, Kumar D, Wojno M, Bilheu A et al (2018) Human-specific NOTCH2NL genes expand cortical neurogenesis through Delta/Notch regulation. Cell 173(6):1370–1384PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Suzuki IK, Gacquer D, Van Heurck R, Kumar D, Wojno M, Bilheu A et al (2018) Human-specific NOTCH2NL genes expand cortical neurogenesis through Delta/Notch regulation. Cell 173(6):1370–1384PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
4.
Zurück zum Zitat Okubo M, Doi H, Fukai R, Fujita A, Mitsuhashi S, Hashiguchi S et al (2019) GGC Repeat expansion of NOTCH2NLC in adult patients with leukoencephalopathy. Ann Neurol 86(6):962–8PubMedCrossRef Okubo M, Doi H, Fukai R, Fujita A, Mitsuhashi S, Hashiguchi S et al (2019) GGC Repeat expansion of NOTCH2NLC in adult patients with leukoencephalopathy. Ann Neurol 86(6):962–8PubMedCrossRef
5.
Zurück zum Zitat Fang P, Yu Y, Yao S, Chen S, Zhu M, Chen Y et al (2020) Repeat expansion scanning of the NOTCH2NLC gene in patients with multiple system. Ann Clin Transl Neur 7(4):517–526CrossRef Fang P, Yu Y, Yao S, Chen S, Zhu M, Chen Y et al (2020) Repeat expansion scanning of the NOTCH2NLC gene in patients with multiple system. Ann Clin Transl Neur 7(4):517–526CrossRef
6.
Zurück zum Zitat Jiao B, Zhou L, Zhou Y, Weng L, Liao X, Tian Y et al (2020) Identification of expanded repeats in NOTCH2NLC in neurodegenerative dementias. Neurobiol Aging 89:141–142CrossRef Jiao B, Zhou L, Zhou Y, Weng L, Liao X, Tian Y et al (2020) Identification of expanded repeats in NOTCH2NLC in neurodegenerative dementias. Neurobiol Aging 89:141–142CrossRef
7.
Zurück zum Zitat Sun Q, Xu Q, Tian Y, Hu Z, Qin L, Yang J et al (2020) Expansion of GGC repeat in the human-specific NOTCH2NLC gene is associated with essential tremor. Brain 143(1):222–233PubMedCrossRef Sun Q, Xu Q, Tian Y, Hu Z, Qin L, Yang J et al (2020) Expansion of GGC repeat in the human-specific NOTCH2NLC gene is associated with essential tremor. Brain 143(1):222–233PubMedCrossRef
8.
Zurück zum Zitat Yuan Y, Liu Z, Hou X, Li W, Ni J, Huang L, et al (2020) Identification of GGC repeat expansion in the NOTCH2NLC gene in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Neurology 95(24):e3394–e3405 Yuan Y, Liu Z, Hou X, Li W, Ni J, Huang L, et al (2020) Identification of GGC repeat expansion in the NOTCH2NLC gene in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Neurology 95(24):e3394–e3405
9.
Zurück zum Zitat Ma D, Tan YJ, Ng ASL, Ong HL, Sim W, Lim WK et al (2020) Association of NOTCH2NLC repeat expansions with Parkinson disease. Jama Neurol 77(12):1559–1563PubMedCrossRef Ma D, Tan YJ, Ng ASL, Ong HL, Sim W, Lim WK et al (2020) Association of NOTCH2NLC repeat expansions with Parkinson disease. Jama Neurol 77(12):1559–1563PubMedCrossRef
10.
Zurück zum Zitat Yu J, Deng J, Guo X, Shan J, Luan X, Cao L, et al (2021) The GGC repeat expansion in NOTCH2NLC is associated with oculopharyngodistal myopathy type 3. Brain Mar 9:awab077. Online ahead of print Yu J, Deng J, Guo X, Shan J, Luan X, Cao L, et al (2021) The GGC repeat expansion in NOTCH2NLC is associated with oculopharyngodistal myopathy type 3. Brain Mar 9:awab077. Online ahead of print
11.
Zurück zum Zitat Sone J, Mitsuhashi S, Fujita A, Mizuguchi T, Hamanaka K, Mori K et al (2019) Long-read sequencing identifies GGC repeat expansions in NOTCH2NLC associated with neuronal intranuclear inclusion disease. Nat Genet 51(8):1215–1221PubMedCrossRef Sone J, Mitsuhashi S, Fujita A, Mizuguchi T, Hamanaka K, Mori K et al (2019) Long-read sequencing identifies GGC repeat expansions in NOTCH2NLC associated with neuronal intranuclear inclusion disease. Nat Genet 51(8):1215–1221PubMedCrossRef
12.
Zurück zum Zitat Ishiura H, Shibata S, Yoshimura J, Suzuki Y, Qu W, Doi K et al (2019) Noncoding CGG repeat expansions in neuronal intranuclear inclusion disease, oculopharyngodistal myopathy and an overlapping disease. Nat Genet 51(8):1222–32PubMedCrossRef Ishiura H, Shibata S, Yoshimura J, Suzuki Y, Qu W, Doi K et al (2019) Noncoding CGG repeat expansions in neuronal intranuclear inclusion disease, oculopharyngodistal myopathy and an overlapping disease. Nat Genet 51(8):1222–32PubMedCrossRef
13.
Zurück zum Zitat Deng J, Gu M, Miao Y, Yao S, Zhu M, Fang P et al (2019) Long-read sequencing identified repeat expansions in the 5’UTR of the NOTCH2NLC gene from Chinese patients with neuronal intranuclear inclusion disease. J Med Genet 56(11):758–764PubMedCrossRef Deng J, Gu M, Miao Y, Yao S, Zhu M, Fang P et al (2019) Long-read sequencing identified repeat expansions in the 5’UTR of the NOTCH2NLC gene from Chinese patients with neuronal intranuclear inclusion disease. J Med Genet 56(11):758–764PubMedCrossRef
14.
Zurück zum Zitat Nakamura N, Tsunoda K, Mitsutake A, Shibata S, Mano T, Nagashima Y et al (2020) Clinical characteristics of neuronal intranuclear inclusion disease-related retinopathy with CGG repeat expansions in the NOTCH2NLC gene. Invest Ophth Vis Sci 61(11):27CrossRef Nakamura N, Tsunoda K, Mitsutake A, Shibata S, Mano T, Nagashima Y et al (2020) Clinical characteristics of neuronal intranuclear inclusion disease-related retinopathy with CGG repeat expansions in the NOTCH2NLC gene. Invest Ophth Vis Sci 61(11):27CrossRef
15.
Zurück zum Zitat Chen Z, Xu Z, Cheng Q, Tan YJ, Ong HL, Zhao Y et al (2020) Phenotypic bases of NOTCH2NLC GGC expansion positive neuronal intranuclear inclusion. Clin genet 98(3):274–281PubMedCrossRef Chen Z, Xu Z, Cheng Q, Tan YJ, Ong HL, Zhao Y et al (2020) Phenotypic bases of NOTCH2NLC GGC expansion positive neuronal intranuclear inclusion. Clin genet 98(3):274–281PubMedCrossRef
16.
Zurück zum Zitat Liang H, Wang B, Li Q, Deng J, Wang L, Wang H et al (2020) Clinical and pathological features in adult-onset NIID patients with cortical enhancement. J Neurol 267(11):3187–3198PubMedCrossRef Liang H, Wang B, Li Q, Deng J, Wang L, Wang H et al (2020) Clinical and pathological features in adult-onset NIID patients with cortical enhancement. J Neurol 267(11):3187–3198PubMedCrossRef
17.
Zurück zum Zitat Chen Z, Yan Yau W, Jaunmuktane Z, Tucci A, Sivakumar P, GaglianoTaliun SA et al (2020) Neuronal intranuclear inclusion disease is genetically heterogeneous. Ann Clin Transl Neur 7(9):1716–1725CrossRef Chen Z, Yan Yau W, Jaunmuktane Z, Tucci A, Sivakumar P, GaglianoTaliun SA et al (2020) Neuronal intranuclear inclusion disease is genetically heterogeneous. Ann Clin Transl Neur 7(9):1716–1725CrossRef
18.
Zurück zum Zitat Yau WY, O’Connor E, Chen Z, Vandrovcova J, Wood NW, Houlden H (2020) GGC repeat expansion in NOTCH2NLC is rare in European patients with essential. Brain: J Neurol 143(7):e57CrossRef Yau WY, O’Connor E, Chen Z, Vandrovcova J, Wood NW, Houlden H (2020) GGC repeat expansion in NOTCH2NLC is rare in European patients with essential. Brain: J Neurol 143(7):e57CrossRef
19.
Zurück zum Zitat Chen H, Lu L, Wang B, Hua X, Wan B, Sun M et al (2020) Essential tremor as the early symptom of NOTCH2NLC gene-related repeat expansion. Brain: J Neurol 143(7):e56CrossRef Chen H, Lu L, Wang B, Hua X, Wan B, Sun M et al (2020) Essential tremor as the early symptom of NOTCH2NLC gene-related repeat expansion. Brain: J Neurol 143(7):e56CrossRef
20.
Zurück zum Zitat Ng ASL, Lim WK, Xu Z, Ong HL, Tan YJ, Sim WY et al (2020) NOTCH2NLC GGC repeat expansions are associated with sporadic essential tremor: variable disease expressivity on long-term follow-up. Ann neurol 88(3):614–618PubMedCrossRef Ng ASL, Lim WK, Xu Z, Ong HL, Tan YJ, Sim WY et al (2020) NOTCH2NLC GGC repeat expansions are associated with sporadic essential tremor: variable disease expressivity on long-term follow-up. Ann neurol 88(3):614–618PubMedCrossRef
21.
Zurück zum Zitat Liao C, Akçimen F, Diez-Fairen M, Houle G, Ross JP, Schmilovich Z et al (2020) Assessing the NOTCH2NLC GGC expansion in European patients with essential tremor. Brain 143(11):e89PubMedCrossRef Liao C, Akçimen F, Diez-Fairen M, Houle G, Ross JP, Schmilovich Z et al (2020) Assessing the NOTCH2NLC GGC expansion in European patients with essential tremor. Brain 143(11):e89PubMedCrossRef
22.
Zurück zum Zitat Yan Y, Cao L, Gu L, Zhang B, Xu C, Pu J et al (2020) Assessing the NOTCH2NLC GGC expansion in essential tremor patients from eastern China. Brain 144(1):e1CrossRef Yan Y, Cao L, Gu L, Zhang B, Xu C, Pu J et al (2020) Assessing the NOTCH2NLC GGC expansion in essential tremor patients from eastern China. Brain 144(1):e1CrossRef
23.
Zurück zum Zitat Yau WY, Vandrovcova J, Sullivan R, Chen Z, Zecchinelli A, Cilia R et al (2020) Low prevalence of NOTCH2NLC GGC repeat expansion in white patients with movement disorders. Mov Disord 36(1):251–255PubMedCrossRefPubMedCentral Yau WY, Vandrovcova J, Sullivan R, Chen Z, Zecchinelli A, Cilia R et al (2020) Low prevalence of NOTCH2NLC GGC repeat expansion in white patients with movement disorders. Mov Disord 36(1):251–255PubMedCrossRefPubMedCentral
24.
Zurück zum Zitat Shi C, Fan Y, Yang J, Yuan Y, Shen S, Liu F et al (2020) NOTCH2NLC intermediate-length repeat expansions are associated with Parkinson’ disease. Ann Neurol 89(1):182–187PubMedCrossRef Shi C, Fan Y, Yang J, Yuan Y, Shen S, Liu F et al (2020) NOTCH2NLC intermediate-length repeat expansions are associated with Parkinson’ disease. Ann Neurol 89(1):182–187PubMedCrossRef
25.
Zurück zum Zitat Yau WY, Sullivan R, Chen Z, Lynch DS, Vandrovcova J, Wood NW et al (2020) GGC repeat expansion in NOTCH2NLC is rare in European leukoencephalopathy. Ann Neurol 88(3):641–642PubMedCrossRef Yau WY, Sullivan R, Chen Z, Lynch DS, Vandrovcova J, Wood NW et al (2020) GGC repeat expansion in NOTCH2NLC is rare in European leukoencephalopathy. Ann Neurol 88(3):641–642PubMedCrossRef
26.
Zurück zum Zitat Xu K, Wan L, Chen Z, Wang C, Peng H, Hou X et al (2021) No genetic evidence for the involvement of GGC repeat expansions of the NOTCH2NLC. Neurobiol aging. 2020. Neurobiol Aging 97:144.e5-144.e7CrossRef Xu K, Wan L, Chen Z, Wang C, Peng H, Hou X et al (2021) No genetic evidence for the involvement of GGC repeat expansions of the NOTCH2NLC. Neurobiol aging. 2020. Neurobiol Aging 97:144.e5-144.e7CrossRef
27.
Zurück zum Zitat Westenberger A, Klein C (2020) Essential phenotypes of NOTCH2NLC-related repeat expansion disorder. Brain 143(1):5–8PubMedCrossRef Westenberger A, Klein C (2020) Essential phenotypes of NOTCH2NLC-related repeat expansion disorder. Brain 143(1):5–8PubMedCrossRef
28.
Zurück zum Zitat Lindenberg R, Rubinstein LJ, Herman MM, Haydon GB (1968) A light and electron microscopy study of an unusual widespread nuclear inclusion body disease. A possible residuum of an old herpesvirus infection. Acta Neuropathol 10(1):54–73PubMedCrossRef Lindenberg R, Rubinstein LJ, Herman MM, Haydon GB (1968) A light and electron microscopy study of an unusual widespread nuclear inclusion body disease. A possible residuum of an old herpesvirus infection. Acta Neuropathol 10(1):54–73PubMedCrossRef
29.
Zurück zum Zitat Sone J, Mori K, Inagaki T, Katsumata R, Takagi S, Yokoi S et al (2016) Clinicopathological features of adult-onset neuronal intranuclear inclusion disease. Brain 139(Pt 12):3170–3186PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Sone J, Mori K, Inagaki T, Katsumata R, Takagi S, Yokoi S et al (2016) Clinicopathological features of adult-onset neuronal intranuclear inclusion disease. Brain 139(Pt 12):3170–3186PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
30.
Zurück zum Zitat Chen H, Lu L, Wang B, Cui G, Wang X, Wang Y et al (2020) Re-defining the clinicopathological spectrum of neuronal intranuclear inclusion. Ann Clin Transl Neur 7(10):1930–1941CrossRef Chen H, Lu L, Wang B, Cui G, Wang X, Wang Y et al (2020) Re-defining the clinicopathological spectrum of neuronal intranuclear inclusion. Ann Clin Transl Neur 7(10):1930–1941CrossRef
31.
Zurück zum Zitat Takahashi-Fujigasaki J (2003) Neuronal intranuclear hyaline inclusion disease. Neuropathology 23(4):351–359PubMedCrossRef Takahashi-Fujigasaki J (2003) Neuronal intranuclear hyaline inclusion disease. Neuropathology 23(4):351–359PubMedCrossRef
32.
Zurück zum Zitat Wang F, Ma X, Shi Y, Jia L, Zuo X, Yu Y, et al (2021) Cognitive profiles in adult-onset neuronal intranuclear inclusion disease: a case series from the memory clinic. Neurol Sci 42(6):2487–2495 Wang F, Ma X, Shi Y, Jia L, Zuo X, Yu Y, et al (2021) Cognitive profiles in adult-onset neuronal intranuclear inclusion disease: a case series from the memory clinic. Neurol Sci 42(6):2487–2495
33.
Zurück zum Zitat Liu X, Liu X, Du Y, Lin Y, Li C, Liu C et al (2019) A case of recurrent vomiting: extending the spectrum of neuronal intranuclear inclusion disease. Neurol Sci 40(12):2661–2664PubMedCrossRef Liu X, Liu X, Du Y, Lin Y, Li C, Liu C et al (2019) A case of recurrent vomiting: extending the spectrum of neuronal intranuclear inclusion disease. Neurol Sci 40(12):2661–2664PubMedCrossRef
34.
Zurück zum Zitat Sugiyama A, Sato N, Kimura Y, Maekawa T, Enokizono M, Saito Y et al (2017) MR imaging features of the cerebellum in adult-onset neuronal intranuclear inclusion disease: 8 cases. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 38(11):2100–2104PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Sugiyama A, Sato N, Kimura Y, Maekawa T, Enokizono M, Saito Y et al (2017) MR imaging features of the cerebellum in adult-onset neuronal intranuclear inclusion disease: 8 cases. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 38(11):2100–2104PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
35.
Zurück zum Zitat Liu Y, Lu J, Li K, Zhao H, Feng Y, Zhang Z et al (2019) A multimodal imaging features of the brain in adult-onset neuronal intranuclear inclusion disease. Neurol Sci 40(7):1495–1497PubMedCrossRef Liu Y, Lu J, Li K, Zhao H, Feng Y, Zhang Z et al (2019) A multimodal imaging features of the brain in adult-onset neuronal intranuclear inclusion disease. Neurol Sci 40(7):1495–1497PubMedCrossRef
36.
Zurück zum Zitat Qin X, Chen H, Zhou C, Wang X, Gao J, Guo N et al (2021) Neuronal intranuclear inclusion disease: two case report and literature review. Neurol Sci 42(1):293–296PubMedCrossRef Qin X, Chen H, Zhou C, Wang X, Gao J, Guo N et al (2021) Neuronal intranuclear inclusion disease: two case report and literature review. Neurol Sci 42(1):293–296PubMedCrossRef
37.
Zurück zum Zitat Kawarabayashi T, Nakamura T, Seino Y, Hirohata M, Mori F, Wakabayashi K et al (2018) Disappearance of MRI imaging signals in a patient with neuronal intranuclear inclusion disease. J Neurol Sci 388:1–3PubMedCrossRef Kawarabayashi T, Nakamura T, Seino Y, Hirohata M, Mori F, Wakabayashi K et al (2018) Disappearance of MRI imaging signals in a patient with neuronal intranuclear inclusion disease. J Neurol Sci 388:1–3PubMedCrossRef
38.
Zurück zum Zitat Okamura S, Takahashi M, Abe K, Inaba A, Sone J, Orimo S (2020) A case of neuronal intranuclear inclusion disease with recurrent vomiting and without apparent DWI abnormality for the first seven years. Heliyon 6(8):e04675PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Okamura S, Takahashi M, Abe K, Inaba A, Sone J, Orimo S (2020) A case of neuronal intranuclear inclusion disease with recurrent vomiting and without apparent DWI abnormality for the first seven years. Heliyon 6(8):e04675PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
39.
Zurück zum Zitat Dong H, Ji G, Liu P, Li Y, Tian Y, Shen L et al (2020) A case of adult-onset neuronal intranuclear inclusion disease without abnormal high-intensity signal in the corticomedullary junction in diffusion-weighted imaging. Neurol Sci 41(9):2653–2655PubMedCrossRef Dong H, Ji G, Liu P, Li Y, Tian Y, Shen L et al (2020) A case of adult-onset neuronal intranuclear inclusion disease without abnormal high-intensity signal in the corticomedullary junction in diffusion-weighted imaging. Neurol Sci 41(9):2653–2655PubMedCrossRef
40.
Zurück zum Zitat Kraus-Perrotta C, Lagalwar S (2016) Expansion, mosaicism and interruption: mechanisms of the CAG repeat mutation in spinocerebellar ataxia type 1. Cerebellum Ataxias 3:20PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Kraus-Perrotta C, Lagalwar S (2016) Expansion, mosaicism and interruption: mechanisms of the CAG repeat mutation in spinocerebellar ataxia type 1. Cerebellum Ataxias 3:20PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
41.
Zurück zum Zitat Raza HK, Singh S, Rai P, Chansysouphanthong T, Amir A, Cui G et al (2020) Recent progress in neuronal intranuclear inclusion disease: a review of the literature. Neurol Sci 41(5):1019–1025PubMedCrossRef Raza HK, Singh S, Rai P, Chansysouphanthong T, Amir A, Cui G et al (2020) Recent progress in neuronal intranuclear inclusion disease: a review of the literature. Neurol Sci 41(5):1019–1025PubMedCrossRef
44.
Zurück zum Zitat Bonuccelli U (2012) Essential tremor is a neurodegenerative disease. J Neural Transm (Vienna, Austria: 1996) 119(11):1383–7 (1373)CrossRef Bonuccelli U (2012) Essential tremor is a neurodegenerative disease. J Neural Transm (Vienna, Austria: 1996) 119(11):1383–7 (1373)CrossRef
45.
Zurück zum Zitat Louis ED (2016) Non-motor symptoms in essential tremor: a review of the current data and state of the field. Parkinsonism Relat D 22(Suppl 1(0 1)):S115-8CrossRef Louis ED (2016) Non-motor symptoms in essential tremor: a review of the current data and state of the field. Parkinsonism Relat D 22(Suppl 1(0 1)):S115-8CrossRef
46.
Zurück zum Zitat Jellinger KA (2018) Multiple system atrophy: an oligodendroglioneural synucleinopathy1. J Alzheimers Dis: JAD 62(3):1141–1179PubMedCrossRef Jellinger KA (2018) Multiple system atrophy: an oligodendroglioneural synucleinopathy1. J Alzheimers Dis: JAD 62(3):1141–1179PubMedCrossRef
47.
Zurück zum Zitat Low PA, Reich SG, Jankovic J, Shults CW, Stern MB, Novak P et al (2015) Natural history of multiple system atrophy in the USA: a prospective cohort study. Lancet Neurol 14(7):710–719PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Low PA, Reich SG, Jankovic J, Shults CW, Stern MB, Novak P et al (2015) Natural history of multiple system atrophy in the USA: a prospective cohort study. Lancet Neurol 14(7):710–719PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
48.
Zurück zum Zitat Hara K, Momose Y, Tokiguchi S, Shimohata M, Terajima K, Onodera O et al (2007) Multiplex families with multiple system atrophy. Arch Neurol 64(4):545–551PubMedCrossRef Hara K, Momose Y, Tokiguchi S, Shimohata M, Terajima K, Onodera O et al (2007) Multiplex families with multiple system atrophy. Arch Neurol 64(4):545–551PubMedCrossRef
49.
Zurück zum Zitat Swinnen B, Robberecht W, Van Den Bosch L (2020) RNA toxicity in non-coding repeat expansion disorders. EMBO J 39(1):e101112PubMedCrossRef Swinnen B, Robberecht W, Van Den Bosch L (2020) RNA toxicity in non-coding repeat expansion disorders. EMBO J 39(1):e101112PubMedCrossRef
50.
51.
Zurück zum Zitat Vanderver A, Simons C, Helman G, Crawford J, Wolf NI, Bernard G et al (2016) Whole exome sequencing in patients with white matter abnormalities. Ann neurol 79(6):1031–1037PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Vanderver A, Simons C, Helman G, Crawford J, Wolf NI, Bernard G et al (2016) Whole exome sequencing in patients with white matter abnormalities. Ann neurol 79(6):1031–1037PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
52.
Zurück zum Zitat Yu J, Luan X, Yu M, Zhang W, Lv H, Cao L, et al (2021) GGC repeat expansions in NOTCH2NLC causing a phenotype of distal motor neuropathy and myopathy. Ann Clin Transl Neur 8(6):1330–1342 Yu J, Luan X, Yu M, Zhang W, Lv H, Cao L, et al (2021) GGC repeat expansions in NOTCH2NLC causing a phenotype of distal motor neuropathy and myopathy. Ann Clin Transl Neur 8(6):1330–1342
Metadaten
Titel
NOTCH2NLC-related repeat expansion disorders: an expanding group of neurodegenerative disorders
verfasst von
Lanxiao Cao
Yaping Yan
Guohua Zhao
Publikationsdatum
01.08.2021
Verlag
Springer International Publishing
Erschienen in
Neurological Sciences / Ausgabe 10/2021
Print ISSN: 1590-1874
Elektronische ISSN: 1590-3478
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10072-021-05498-3

Weitere Artikel der Ausgabe 10/2021

Neurological Sciences 10/2021 Zur Ausgabe

Leitlinien kompakt für die Neurologie

Mit medbee Pocketcards sicher entscheiden.

Seit 2022 gehört die medbee GmbH zum Springer Medizin Verlag

Update Neurologie

Bestellen Sie unseren Fach-Newsletter und bleiben Sie gut informiert.