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Current Nutrition Reports
Erschienen in: Current Nutrition Reports 3/2018

20.08.2018 | Gastroenterology, Critical Care, and Lifestyle Medicine (SA McClave, Section Editor)

Nutritional Ketosis for Weight Management and Reversal of Metabolic Syndrome

verfasst von: Victoria M. Gershuni, Stephanie L. Yan, Valentina Medici

Erschienen in: Current Nutrition Reports | Ausgabe 3/2018

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Abstract

Purpose of Review

The goal of this paper is to review current literature on nutritional ketosis within the context of weight management and metabolic syndrome, namely, insulin resistance, lipid profile, cardiovascular disease risk, and development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. We provide background on the mechanism of ketogenesis and describe nutritional ketosis.

Recent Findings

Nutritional ketosis has been found to improve metabolic and inflammatory markers, including lipids, HbA1c, high-sensitivity CRP, fasting insulin and glucose levels, and aid in weight management. We discuss these findings and elaborate on potential mechanisms of ketones for promoting weight loss, decreasing hunger, and increasing satiety.

Summary

Humans have evolved with the capacity for metabolic flexibility and the ability to use ketones for fuel. During states of low dietary carbohydrate intake, insulin levels remain low and ketogenesis takes place. These conditions promote breakdown of excess fat stores, sparing of lean muscle, and improvement in insulin sensitivity.
Fußnoten
1
This is in stark contrast to, and should not be confused with, the pathophysiologic state of type 1 diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). Despite similar sounding names, they are two distinct metabolic processes. The production of endogenous insulin is protective against the occurrence of DKA; the range of ketones present in DKA is 5-10 fold greater than the levels achieved during nutritional ketosis. Additionally, while in nutritional ketosis, the body is able to maintain normal blood glucose levels and maintain a normal pH, as opposed to extremely elevated blood sugars and acidic pH associated with DKA.
 
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Metadaten
Titel
Nutritional Ketosis for Weight Management and Reversal of Metabolic Syndrome
verfasst von
Victoria M. Gershuni
Stephanie L. Yan
Valentina Medici
Publikationsdatum
20.08.2018
Verlag
Springer US
Erschienen in
Current Nutrition Reports / Ausgabe 3/2018
Elektronische ISSN: 2161-3311
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s13668-018-0235-0

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