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Erschienen in:
01.05.2011 | Materno-fetal Medicine
Obesity decreases the chance to deliver spontaneously
Erschienen in: Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics | Ausgabe 5/2011
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Purpose
To evaluate the impact of maternal obesity on labour, intrapartual assessment and delivery.
Methods
Retrospective cohort analysis of n = 11,681 deliveries supervised between 01 January 2000 and 31 December 2009. Results were analysed dividing the patients into two main groups according to their body mass index (BMI): group 1, control: BMI 18–24.9 and group 2 BMI, test >25. Subgroups were built: (0) BMI 25–29.9, (I) BMI 30–34.9, (II) BMI 35–39.9, (III) BMI >40. Exclusion criteria were defined as: delivery <37 + 0 weeks p.m., multiple pregnancy, comorbidity other than GDM, abnormal presentation, BMI <18.5, and incomplete data. The main outcome parameter was defined as secondary caesarean delivery rate and mode of delivery.
Results
N = 8,379 patients met the inclusion criteria and were divided in two groups: 1, n = 4,464 patients and 2, n = 3,915. Basic maternal characteristics including foetal vital parameters were equal in all groups. GDM occurred more frequently in obese patients (P < 0.001). For the main outcome parameter a significant decrease in the rate of spontaneous delivery between control/test groups (72–66%, P < 0.001) and control/I–III groups (72 vs. 50%, P < 0.001) could be observed. The rate of secondary c-section increased significantly according to a higher BMI (>40: OR 2.5, 95% CI 1.84–3.61, χ2P < 0.001). The groups showed no difference in the rate of injuries during delivery though foetal birth weight increased significantly with a higher BMI (3,412–3,681 g; P < 0.001).
Conclusion
Obesity decreases the chance to deliver spontaneously. Moreover, the obese patient suffers from a significantly longer trial of labour (7.9 vs. 9.5 h) and an elevated risk of surgical delivery.