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Erschienen in: European Journal of Nutrition 3/2016

10.05.2015 | Original Contribution

Olfactory impairment in older adults is associated with poorer diet quality over 5 years

verfasst von: Bamini Gopinath, Joanna Russell, Carolyn M. Sue, Victoria M. Flood, George Burlutsky, Paul Mitchell

Erschienen in: European Journal of Nutrition | Ausgabe 3/2016

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Abstract

Purpose

Decreased smell could cause appetite suppression and malnutrition. However, there is a paucity of longitudinal data between olfaction and nutritional status in older adults. We aimed to prospectively examine the relationship between olfactory impairment and overall diet quality (reflecting adherence to dietary guidelines) in a population-based cohort of older adults.

Methods

We used 5-year follow-up data from 557 adults (aged 60+ years at baseline) whose olfaction was measured using the San Diego Odor Identification Test (SDOIT). Dietary data were collected using a validated semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire. A total diet score (TDS) was calculated for intake of selected food groups and nutrients for each participant as described in the national dietary guidelines. Final scores ranged from 0 to 20; higher scores indicated closer adherence to dietary guidelines.

Results

After adjusting for all potential confounders, older adults with moderate/severe olfactory impairment (SDOIT score ≤ 3; lower scores indicate impairment) compared with those with no olfactory impairment had significantly lower adjusted mean (±SE) TDS, 9.09 (0.40) versus 9.94 (0.10), p = 0.04. Women with moderate/severe impaired olfaction (i.e., scored poorly on the odor identification test) compared with those with normal olfaction had significantly lower adjusted mean TDS, 8.87 (0.69) versus 10.31 (0.13), p = 0.04. No associations were observed between olfaction and TDS in men.

Conclusions

Olfactory impairment in older women could signal an increased risk of poorer diet quality, defined as adherence to national dietary guidelines. Additional longitudinal studies are needed to confirm or refute the observed link between olfactory loss and overall patterns of food intake in older adults.
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Metadaten
Titel
Olfactory impairment in older adults is associated with poorer diet quality over 5 years
verfasst von
Bamini Gopinath
Joanna Russell
Carolyn M. Sue
Victoria M. Flood
George Burlutsky
Paul Mitchell
Publikationsdatum
10.05.2015
Verlag
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Erschienen in
European Journal of Nutrition / Ausgabe 3/2016
Print ISSN: 1436-6207
Elektronische ISSN: 1436-6215
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-015-0921-2

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