Skip to main content
Erschienen in: European Journal of Applied Physiology 6/2016

07.05.2016 | Original Article

Omega-3 fatty acid supplementation combined with acute aerobic exercise does not alter the improved post-exercise insulin response in normoglycemic, inactive and overweight men

verfasst von: Eric Rivas, Joshua S. Wooten, Daniel E. Newmire, Vic Ben-Ezra

Erschienen in: European Journal of Applied Physiology | Ausgabe 6/2016

Einloggen, um Zugang zu erhalten

Abstract

Purpose

The aim of this study was to determine if omega-3 (n-3) supplementation combined with acute aerobic exercise would improve glucose and insulin responses in normoglycemic, inactive, overweight men.

Methods

In a random order, ten inactive and normoglycemic men (30.6 ± 10 years, 85.4 ± 11 kg, 26.7 ± 4 BMI) completed a rest (R) and exercise trial (EX) without n-3 supplementation. Following 42 days of n-3 supplementation, participants again completed a rest (R + n-3) and exercise trial (EX + n-3) with continued n-3 supplementation. The exercise trial consisted of 3 days of ~70 % VO2peak for 60 min/session. N-3 supplementation entailed 4.55 g/day of n-3 (EPA 2.45 g, DHA 1.61 g). A 75 g oral glucose tolerance (OGTT) test was administered 14–16 h after each trial.

Results

Relative to R (35,278 ± 9169 pmol/L), EX without n-3 reduced the incremental area under the curve for insulin (iAUCinsulin) during an OGTT by 21.3 % (27765 ± 4925 pmol/L, p = 0.018) and 20.6 % after the EX + n-3 trial (27,999 ± 8370 pmol/L; p = 0.007). In addition, EX (96 ± 21 pmol/L; p = 0.006) reduced C-peptide by 13.5 % when compared to R (111 ± 26 pmol/L). No difference was observed between R and n-3 trials for iAUCinsulin and iAUCC-peptide. Only EX improved insulin sensitivity index by 5.6 % (p = 0.02) when compared to R.

Conclusions

These data suggest that n-3 supplementation does not add any additional benefit beyond the exercise induced insulin responses in inactive men. Furthermore, n-3 supplementation alone does not appear to impair insulin action in normoglycemic, inactive, overweight men.
Literatur
Zurück zum Zitat Adler AI, Boyko EJ, Schraer CD, Murphy NJ (1994) Lower prevalence of impaired glucose tolerance and diabetes associated with daily seal oil or salmon consumption among Alaska Natives. Diabetes Care 17(12):1498–1501CrossRefPubMed Adler AI, Boyko EJ, Schraer CD, Murphy NJ (1994) Lower prevalence of impaired glucose tolerance and diabetes associated with daily seal oil or salmon consumption among Alaska Natives. Diabetes Care 17(12):1498–1501CrossRefPubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Axelrod L, Camuso J, Williams E, Kleinman K, Briones E, Schoenfeld D (1994) Effects of a small quantity of omega-3 fatty acids on cardiovascular risk factors in NIDDM. A randomized, prospective, double-blind, controlled study. Diabetes Care 17(1):37–44CrossRefPubMed Axelrod L, Camuso J, Williams E, Kleinman K, Briones E, Schoenfeld D (1994) Effects of a small quantity of omega-3 fatty acids on cardiovascular risk factors in NIDDM. A randomized, prospective, double-blind, controlled study. Diabetes Care 17(1):37–44CrossRefPubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Ben-Ezra V, Jankowski C, Kendrick K, Nichols D (1995) Effect of intensity and energy expenditure on postexercise insulin responses in women. J Appl Physiol 79(6):2029–2034PubMed Ben-Ezra V, Jankowski C, Kendrick K, Nichols D (1995) Effect of intensity and energy expenditure on postexercise insulin responses in women. J Appl Physiol 79(6):2029–2034PubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Braun B, Zimmermann MB, Kretchmer N (1995) Effects of exercise intensity on insulin sensitivity in women with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. J Appl Physiol (1985) 78(1):300–306 Braun B, Zimmermann MB, Kretchmer N (1995) Effects of exercise intensity on insulin sensitivity in women with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. J Appl Physiol (1985) 78(1):300–306
Zurück zum Zitat Brestoff JR, Clippinger B, Spinella T, von Duvillard SP, Nindl BC, Arciero PJ (2009) An acute bout of endurance exercise but not sprint interval exercise enhances insulin sensitivity. Applied Physiol Nutr Metab 34(1):25–32. doi:10.1139/H08-126 CrossRef Brestoff JR, Clippinger B, Spinella T, von Duvillard SP, Nindl BC, Arciero PJ (2009) An acute bout of endurance exercise but not sprint interval exercise enhances insulin sensitivity. Applied Physiol Nutr Metab 34(1):25–32. doi:10.​1139/​H08-126 CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Christ-Roberts CY, Pratipanawatr T, Pratipanawatr W, Berria R, Belfort R, Mandarino LJ (2003) Increased insulin receptor signaling and glycogen synthase activity contribute to the synergistic effect of exercise on insulin action. J Appl Physiol 95(6):2519–2529. doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00605.2003 CrossRefPubMed Christ-Roberts CY, Pratipanawatr T, Pratipanawatr W, Berria R, Belfort R, Mandarino LJ (2003) Increased insulin receptor signaling and glycogen synthase activity contribute to the synergistic effect of exercise on insulin action. J Appl Physiol 95(6):2519–2529. doi:10.​1152/​japplphysiol.​00605.​2003 CrossRefPubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Coen PM, Dube JJ, Amati F, Stefanovic-Racic M, Ferrell RE, Toledo FG, Goodpaster BH (2010) Insulin resistance is associated with higher intramyocellular triglycerides in type I but not type II myocytes concomitant with higher ceramide content. Diabetes 59(1):80–88. doi:10.2337/db09-0988 CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Coen PM, Dube JJ, Amati F, Stefanovic-Racic M, Ferrell RE, Toledo FG, Goodpaster BH (2010) Insulin resistance is associated with higher intramyocellular triglycerides in type I but not type II myocytes concomitant with higher ceramide content. Diabetes 59(1):80–88. doi:10.​2337/​db09-0988 CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
Zurück zum Zitat Colberg SR, Sigal RJ, Fernhall B, Regensteiner JG, Blissmer BJ, Rubin RR, Chasan-Taber L, Albright AL, Braun B, American College of Sports M, American Diabetes A (2010) Exercise and type 2 diabetes: the American College of Sports Medicine and the American Diabetes Association: joint position statement. Diabetes Care 33(12):e147–e167. doi:10.2337/dc10-9990 CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Colberg SR, Sigal RJ, Fernhall B, Regensteiner JG, Blissmer BJ, Rubin RR, Chasan-Taber L, Albright AL, Braun B, American College of Sports M, American Diabetes A (2010) Exercise and type 2 diabetes: the American College of Sports Medicine and the American Diabetes Association: joint position statement. Diabetes Care 33(12):e147–e167. doi:10.​2337/​dc10-9990 CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
Zurück zum Zitat Dangardt F, Chen Y, Gronowitz E, Dahlgren J, Friberg P, Strandvik B (2012) High physiological omega-3 fatty acid supplementation affects muscle fatty acid composition and glucose and insulin homeostasis in obese adolescents. J Nutr Metab 2012:395757. doi:10.1155/2012/395757 CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Dangardt F, Chen Y, Gronowitz E, Dahlgren J, Friberg P, Strandvik B (2012) High physiological omega-3 fatty acid supplementation affects muscle fatty acid composition and glucose and insulin homeostasis in obese adolescents. J Nutr Metab 2012:395757. doi:10.​1155/​2012/​395757 CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
Zurück zum Zitat Delarue J, Labarthe F, Cohen R (2003) Fish-oil supplementation reduces stimulation of plasma glucose fluxes during exercise in untrained males. Brit J Nutr 90(4):777–786CrossRefPubMed Delarue J, Labarthe F, Cohen R (2003) Fish-oil supplementation reduces stimulation of plasma glucose fluxes during exercise in untrained males. Brit J Nutr 90(4):777–786CrossRefPubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Dill DB, Costill DL (1974) Calculation of percentage changes in volumes of blood, plasma, and red cells in dehydration. J Appl Physiol 37(2):247–248PubMed Dill DB, Costill DL (1974) Calculation of percentage changes in volumes of blood, plasma, and red cells in dehydration. J Appl Physiol 37(2):247–248PubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Dunstan DW, Mori TA, Puddey IB, Beilin LJ, Burke V, Morton AR, Stanton KG (1997) The independent and combined effects of aerobic exercise and dietary fish intake on serum lipids and glycemic control in NIDDM. A randomized controlled study. Diabetes Care 20(6):913–921CrossRefPubMed Dunstan DW, Mori TA, Puddey IB, Beilin LJ, Burke V, Morton AR, Stanton KG (1997) The independent and combined effects of aerobic exercise and dietary fish intake on serum lipids and glycemic control in NIDDM. A randomized controlled study. Diabetes Care 20(6):913–921CrossRefPubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Ebbesson SO, Risica PM, Ebbesson LO, Kennish JM, Tejero ME (2005) Omega-3 fatty acids improve glucose tolerance and components of the metabolic syndrome in Alaskan Eskimos: the Alaska Siberia project. Int J Circ Health 64(4):396–408 Ebbesson SO, Risica PM, Ebbesson LO, Kennish JM, Tejero ME (2005) Omega-3 fatty acids improve glucose tolerance and components of the metabolic syndrome in Alaskan Eskimos: the Alaska Siberia project. Int J Circ Health 64(4):396–408
Zurück zum Zitat Friedewald WT, Levy RI, Fredrickson DS (1972) Estimation of the concentration of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in plasma, without use of the preparative ultracentrifuge. Clin Chem 18(6):499–502PubMed Friedewald WT, Levy RI, Fredrickson DS (1972) Estimation of the concentration of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in plasma, without use of the preparative ultracentrifuge. Clin Chem 18(6):499–502PubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Giacco R, Cuomo V, Vessby B, Uusitupa M, Hermansen K, Meyer BJ, Riccardi G, Rivellese AA, Group KS (2007) Fish oil, insulin sensitivity, insulin secretion and glucose tolerance in healthy people: is there any effect of fish oil supplementation in relation to the type of background diet and habitual dietary intake of n-6 and n-3 fatty acids? Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis NMCD 17(8):572–580. doi:10.1016/j.numecd.2006.06.006 CrossRefPubMed Giacco R, Cuomo V, Vessby B, Uusitupa M, Hermansen K, Meyer BJ, Riccardi G, Rivellese AA, Group KS (2007) Fish oil, insulin sensitivity, insulin secretion and glucose tolerance in healthy people: is there any effect of fish oil supplementation in relation to the type of background diet and habitual dietary intake of n-6 and n-3 fatty acids? Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis NMCD 17(8):572–580. doi:10.​1016/​j.​numecd.​2006.​06.​006 CrossRefPubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Heath GW, Gavin JR 3rd, Hinderliter JM, Hagberg JM, Bloomfield SA, Holloszy JO (1983) Effects of exercise and lack of exercise on glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity. J Appl Physiol Respir Environ Exerc Physiol 55(2):512–517PubMed Heath GW, Gavin JR 3rd, Hinderliter JM, Hagberg JM, Bloomfield SA, Holloszy JO (1983) Effects of exercise and lack of exercise on glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity. J Appl Physiol Respir Environ Exerc Physiol 55(2):512–517PubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Hill AM, Buckley JD, Murphy KJ, Howe PR (2007) Combining fish-oil supplements with regular aerobic exercise improves body composition and cardiovascular disease risk factors. Am J Clin Nutr 85(5):1267–1274PubMed Hill AM, Buckley JD, Murphy KJ, Howe PR (2007) Combining fish-oil supplements with regular aerobic exercise improves body composition and cardiovascular disease risk factors. Am J Clin Nutr 85(5):1267–1274PubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Hirabara SM, Folador A, Fiamoncini J, Lambertucci RH, Rodrigues CF Jr, Rocha MS, Aikawa J, Yamazaki RK, Martins AR, Rodrigues AC, Carpinelli AR, Pithon-Curi TC, Fernandes LC, Gorjao R, Curi R (2013) Fish oil supplementation for two generations increases insulin sensitivity in rats. J Nutr Biochem 24(6):1136–1145. doi:10.1016/j.jnutbio.2012.08.014 CrossRefPubMed Hirabara SM, Folador A, Fiamoncini J, Lambertucci RH, Rodrigues CF Jr, Rocha MS, Aikawa J, Yamazaki RK, Martins AR, Rodrigues AC, Carpinelli AR, Pithon-Curi TC, Fernandes LC, Gorjao R, Curi R (2013) Fish oil supplementation for two generations increases insulin sensitivity in rats. J Nutr Biochem 24(6):1136–1145. doi:10.​1016/​j.​jnutbio.​2012.​08.​014 CrossRefPubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Houmard JA, Shaw CD, Hickey MS, Tanner CJ (1999) Effect of short-term exercise training on insulin-stimulated PI 3-kinase activity in human skeletal muscle. Am J Physiol 277(6 Pt 1):E1055–E1060PubMed Houmard JA, Shaw CD, Hickey MS, Tanner CJ (1999) Effect of short-term exercise training on insulin-stimulated PI 3-kinase activity in human skeletal muscle. Am J Physiol 277(6 Pt 1):E1055–E1060PubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Inzucchi SE, Bergenstal RM, Buse JB, Diamant M, Ferrannini E, Nauck M, Peters AL, Tsapas A, Wender R, Matthews DR, American Diabetes A, European Association for the Study of D (2012) Management of hyperglycemia in type 2 diabetes: a patient-centered approach: position statement of the American Diabetes Association (ADA) and the European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD). Diabetes Care 35(6):1364–1379. doi:10.2337/dc12-0413 CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Inzucchi SE, Bergenstal RM, Buse JB, Diamant M, Ferrannini E, Nauck M, Peters AL, Tsapas A, Wender R, Matthews DR, American Diabetes A, European Association for the Study of D (2012) Management of hyperglycemia in type 2 diabetes: a patient-centered approach: position statement of the American Diabetes Association (ADA) and the European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD). Diabetes Care 35(6):1364–1379. doi:10.​2337/​dc12-0413 CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
Zurück zum Zitat Kang J, Robertson RJ, Hagberg JM, Kelley DE, Goss FL, DaSilva SG, Suminski RR, Utter AC (1996) Effect of exercise intensity on glucose and insulin metabolism in obese individuals and obese NIDDM patients. Diabetes Care 19(4):341–349CrossRefPubMed Kang J, Robertson RJ, Hagberg JM, Kelley DE, Goss FL, DaSilva SG, Suminski RR, Utter AC (1996) Effect of exercise intensity on glucose and insulin metabolism in obese individuals and obese NIDDM patients. Diabetes Care 19(4):341–349CrossRefPubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Katan MB, Deslypere JP, van Birgelen AP, Penders M, Zegwaard M (1997) Kinetics of the incorporation of dietary fatty acids into serum cholesteryl esters, erythrocyte membranes, and adipose tissue: an 18-month controlled study. J Lipid Res 38(10):2012–2022PubMed Katan MB, Deslypere JP, van Birgelen AP, Penders M, Zegwaard M (1997) Kinetics of the incorporation of dietary fatty acids into serum cholesteryl esters, erythrocyte membranes, and adipose tissue: an 18-month controlled study. J Lipid Res 38(10):2012–2022PubMed
Zurück zum Zitat King DS, Baldus PJ, Sharp RL, Kesl LD, Feltmeyer TL, Riddle MS (1995) Time course for exercise-induced alterations in insulin action and glucose tolerance in middle-aged people. J Appl Physiol 78(1):17–22PubMed King DS, Baldus PJ, Sharp RL, Kesl LD, Feltmeyer TL, Riddle MS (1995) Time course for exercise-induced alterations in insulin action and glucose tolerance in middle-aged people. J Appl Physiol 78(1):17–22PubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Laidlaw M, Holub BJ (2003) Effects of supplementation with fish oil-derived n-3 fatty acids and gamma-linolenic acid on circulating plasma lipids and fatty acid profiles in women. Am J Clin Nutr 77(1):37–42PubMed Laidlaw M, Holub BJ (2003) Effects of supplementation with fish oil-derived n-3 fatty acids and gamma-linolenic acid on circulating plasma lipids and fatty acid profiles in women. Am J Clin Nutr 77(1):37–42PubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Lamping KG, Nuno DW, Coppey LJ, Holmes AJ, Hu S, Oltman CL, Norris AW, Yorek MA (2013) Modification of high saturated fat diet with n-3 polyunsaturated fat improves glucose intolerance and vascular dysfunction. Diabetes Obes Metab 15(2):144–152. doi:10.1111/dom.12004 CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Lamping KG, Nuno DW, Coppey LJ, Holmes AJ, Hu S, Oltman CL, Norris AW, Yorek MA (2013) Modification of high saturated fat diet with n-3 polyunsaturated fat improves glucose intolerance and vascular dysfunction. Diabetes Obes Metab 15(2):144–152. doi:10.​1111/​dom.​12004 CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
Zurück zum Zitat Mari A, Pacini G, Murphy E, Ludvik B, Nolan JJ (2001) A model-based method for assessing insulin sensitivity from the oral glucose tolerance test. Diabetes Care 24(3):539–548CrossRefPubMed Mari A, Pacini G, Murphy E, Ludvik B, Nolan JJ (2001) A model-based method for assessing insulin sensitivity from the oral glucose tolerance test. Diabetes Care 24(3):539–548CrossRefPubMed
Zurück zum Zitat McMurray JJ, Gerstein HC, Holman RR, Pfeffer MA (2014) Heart failure: a cardiovascular outcome in diabetes that can no longer be ignored. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. doi:10.1016/S2213-8587(14)70031-2 McMurray JJ, Gerstein HC, Holman RR, Pfeffer MA (2014) Heart failure: a cardiovascular outcome in diabetes that can no longer be ignored. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. doi:10.​1016/​S2213-8587(14)70031-2
Zurück zum Zitat Montoya MT, Porres A, Serrano S, Fruchart JC, Mata P, Gerique JA, Castro GR (2002) Fatty acid saturation of the diet and plasma lipid concentrations, lipoprotein particle concentrations, and cholesterol efflux capacity. Am J Clin Nutr 75(3):484–491PubMed Montoya MT, Porres A, Serrano S, Fruchart JC, Mata P, Gerique JA, Castro GR (2002) Fatty acid saturation of the diet and plasma lipid concentrations, lipoprotein particle concentrations, and cholesterol efflux capacity. Am J Clin Nutr 75(3):484–491PubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Mostad IL, Bjerve KS, Bjorgaas MR, Lydersen S, Grill V (2006) Effects of n-3 fatty acids in subjects with type 2 diabetes: reduction of insulin sensitivity and time-dependent alteration from carbohydrate to fat oxidation. Am J Clin Nutr 84(3):540–550PubMed Mostad IL, Bjerve KS, Bjorgaas MR, Lydersen S, Grill V (2006) Effects of n-3 fatty acids in subjects with type 2 diabetes: reduction of insulin sensitivity and time-dependent alteration from carbohydrate to fat oxidation. Am J Clin Nutr 84(3):540–550PubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Nesher R, Cerasi E (2002) Modeling phasic insulin release: immediate and time-dependent effects of glucose. Diabetes 51(Suppl 1):S53–S59CrossRefPubMed Nesher R, Cerasi E (2002) Modeling phasic insulin release: immediate and time-dependent effects of glucose. Diabetes 51(Suppl 1):S53–S59CrossRefPubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Ostergard T, Andersen JL, Nyholm B, Lund S, Nair KS, Saltin B, Schmitz O (2006) Impact of exercise training on insulin sensitivity, physical fitness, and muscle oxidative capacity in first-degree relatives of type 2 diabetic patients. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 290(5):E998–E1005. doi:10.1152/ajpendo.00012.2005 CrossRefPubMed Ostergard T, Andersen JL, Nyholm B, Lund S, Nair KS, Saltin B, Schmitz O (2006) Impact of exercise training on insulin sensitivity, physical fitness, and muscle oxidative capacity in first-degree relatives of type 2 diabetic patients. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 290(5):E998–E1005. doi:10.​1152/​ajpendo.​00012.​2005 CrossRefPubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Richter EA, Mikines KJ, Galbo H, Kiens B (1989) Effect of exercise on insulin action in human skeletal muscle. J Appl Physiol 66(2):876–885PubMed Richter EA, Mikines KJ, Galbo H, Kiens B (1989) Effect of exercise on insulin action in human skeletal muscle. J Appl Physiol 66(2):876–885PubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Rivellese AA, Maffettone A, Iovine C, Di Marino L, Annuzzi G, Mancini M, Riccardi G (1996) Long-term effects of fish oil on insulin resistance and plasma lipoproteins in NIDDM patients with hypertriglyceridemia. Diabetes Care 19(11):1207–1213CrossRefPubMed Rivellese AA, Maffettone A, Iovine C, Di Marino L, Annuzzi G, Mancini M, Riccardi G (1996) Long-term effects of fish oil on insulin resistance and plasma lipoproteins in NIDDM patients with hypertriglyceridemia. Diabetes Care 19(11):1207–1213CrossRefPubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Rogers MA, Yamamoto C, King DS, Hagberg JM, Ehsani AA, Holloszy JO (1988) Improvement in glucose tolerance after 1 week of exercise in patients with mild NIDDM. Diabetes Care 11(8):613–618CrossRefPubMed Rogers MA, Yamamoto C, King DS, Hagberg JM, Ehsani AA, Holloszy JO (1988) Improvement in glucose tolerance after 1 week of exercise in patients with mild NIDDM. Diabetes Care 11(8):613–618CrossRefPubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Ross R (2003) Does exercise without weight loss improve insulin sensitivity? Diabetes Care 26(3):944–945CrossRefPubMed Ross R (2003) Does exercise without weight loss improve insulin sensitivity? Diabetes Care 26(3):944–945CrossRefPubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Rossmeisl M, Jelenik T, Jilkova Z, Slamova K, Kus V, Hensler M, Medrikova D, Povysil C, Flachs P, Mohamed-Ali V, Bryhn M, Berge K, Holmeide AK, Kopecky J (2009) Prevention and reversal of obesity and glucose intolerance in mice by DHA derivatives. Obesity 17(5):1023–1031. doi:10.1038/oby.2008.602 CrossRefPubMed Rossmeisl M, Jelenik T, Jilkova Z, Slamova K, Kus V, Hensler M, Medrikova D, Povysil C, Flachs P, Mohamed-Ali V, Bryhn M, Berge K, Holmeide AK, Kopecky J (2009) Prevention and reversal of obesity and glucose intolerance in mice by DHA derivatives. Obesity 17(5):1023–1031. doi:10.​1038/​oby.​2008.​602 CrossRefPubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Rossmeisl M, Jilkova ZM, Kuda O, Jelenik T, Medrikova D, Stankova B, Kristinsson B, Haraldsson GG, Svensen H, Stoknes I, Sjovall P, Magnusson Y, Balvers MG, Verhoeckx KC, Tvrzicka E, Bryhn M, Kopecky J (2012) Metabolic effects of n-3 PUFA as phospholipids are superior to triglycerides in mice fed a high-fat diet: possible role of endocannabinoids. PLoS One 7(6):e38834. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0038834 CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Rossmeisl M, Jilkova ZM, Kuda O, Jelenik T, Medrikova D, Stankova B, Kristinsson B, Haraldsson GG, Svensen H, Stoknes I, Sjovall P, Magnusson Y, Balvers MG, Verhoeckx KC, Tvrzicka E, Bryhn M, Kopecky J (2012) Metabolic effects of n-3 PUFA as phospholipids are superior to triglycerides in mice fed a high-fat diet: possible role of endocannabinoids. PLoS One 7(6):e38834. doi:10.​1371/​journal.​pone.​0038834 CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
Zurück zum Zitat Sartorelli DS, Damiao R, Chaim R, Hirai A, Gimeno SG, Ferreira SR, Japanese-Brazilian Diabetes Study G (2010) Dietary omega-3 fatty acid and omega-3: omega-6 fatty acid ratio predict improvement in glucose disturbances in Japanese Brazilians. Nutrition 26(2):184–191. doi:10.1016/j.nut.2009.03.013 CrossRefPubMed Sartorelli DS, Damiao R, Chaim R, Hirai A, Gimeno SG, Ferreira SR, Japanese-Brazilian Diabetes Study G (2010) Dietary omega-3 fatty acid and omega-3: omega-6 fatty acid ratio predict improvement in glucose disturbances in Japanese Brazilians. Nutrition 26(2):184–191. doi:10.​1016/​j.​nut.​2009.​03.​013 CrossRefPubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Segal KR, Edano A, Abalos A, Albu J, Blando L, Tomas MB, Pi-Sunyer FX (1991) Effect of exercise training on insulin sensitivity and glucose metabolism in lean, obese, and diabetic men. J Appl Physiol 71(6):2402–2411PubMed Segal KR, Edano A, Abalos A, Albu J, Blando L, Tomas MB, Pi-Sunyer FX (1991) Effect of exercise training on insulin sensitivity and glucose metabolism in lean, obese, and diabetic men. J Appl Physiol 71(6):2402–2411PubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Sorensen NS, Marckmann P, Hoy CE, van Duyvenvoorde W, Princen HM (1998) Effect of fish-oil-enriched margarine on plasma lipids, low-density-lipoprotein particle composition, size, and susceptibility to oxidation. Am J Clin Nutr 68(2):235–241PubMed Sorensen NS, Marckmann P, Hoy CE, van Duyvenvoorde W, Princen HM (1998) Effect of fish-oil-enriched margarine on plasma lipids, low-density-lipoprotein particle composition, size, and susceptibility to oxidation. Am J Clin Nutr 68(2):235–241PubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Sriwijitkamol A, Coletta DK, Wajcberg E, Balbontin GB, Reyna SM, Barrientes J, Eagan PA, Jenkinson CP, Cersosimo E, DeFronzo RA, Sakamoto K, Musi N (2007) Effect of acute exercise on AMPK signaling in skeletal muscle of subjects with type 2 diabetes: a time-course and dose-response study. Diabetes 56(3):836–848. doi:10.2337/db06-1119 CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Sriwijitkamol A, Coletta DK, Wajcberg E, Balbontin GB, Reyna SM, Barrientes J, Eagan PA, Jenkinson CP, Cersosimo E, DeFronzo RA, Sakamoto K, Musi N (2007) Effect of acute exercise on AMPK signaling in skeletal muscle of subjects with type 2 diabetes: a time-course and dose-response study. Diabetes 56(3):836–848. doi:10.​2337/​db06-1119 CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
Zurück zum Zitat Storlien LH, Jenkins AB, Chisholm DJ, Pascoe WS, Khouri S, Kraegen EW (1991) Influence of dietary fat composition on development of insulin resistance in rats. Relationship to muscle triglyceride and omega-3 fatty acids in muscle phospholipid. Diabetes 40(2):280–289CrossRefPubMed Storlien LH, Jenkins AB, Chisholm DJ, Pascoe WS, Khouri S, Kraegen EW (1991) Influence of dietary fat composition on development of insulin resistance in rats. Relationship to muscle triglyceride and omega-3 fatty acids in muscle phospholipid. Diabetes 40(2):280–289CrossRefPubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Storlien LH, Baur LA, Kriketos AD, Pan DA, Cooney GJ, Jenkins AB, Calvert GD, Campbell LV (1996) Dietary fats and insulin action. Diabetologia 39(6):621–631CrossRefPubMed Storlien LH, Baur LA, Kriketos AD, Pan DA, Cooney GJ, Jenkins AB, Calvert GD, Campbell LV (1996) Dietary fats and insulin action. Diabetologia 39(6):621–631CrossRefPubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Stumvoll M, Mitrakou A, Pimenta W, Jenssen T, Yki-Jarvinen H, Van Haeften T, Renn W, Gerich J (2000) Use of the oral glucose tolerance test to assess insulin release and insulin sensitivity. Diabetes Care 23(3):295–301CrossRefPubMed Stumvoll M, Mitrakou A, Pimenta W, Jenssen T, Yki-Jarvinen H, Van Haeften T, Renn W, Gerich J (2000) Use of the oral glucose tolerance test to assess insulin release and insulin sensitivity. Diabetes Care 23(3):295–301CrossRefPubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Swain DP, College American, American College of Sports Medicine (2014) ACSM’s resource manual for guidelines for exercise testing and prescription, 7th edn. Wolters Kluwer Health, Philadelphia Swain DP, College American, American College of Sports Medicine (2014) ACSM’s resource manual for guidelines for exercise testing and prescription, 7th edn. Wolters Kluwer Health, Philadelphia
Zurück zum Zitat Tanner CJ, Koves TR, Cortright RL, Pories WJ, Kim YB, Kahn BB, Dohm GL, Houmard JA (2002) Effect of short-term exercise training on insulin-stimulated PI 3-kinase activity in middle-aged men. Am J Physiol Endocrinology Metab 282(1):E147–E153 Tanner CJ, Koves TR, Cortright RL, Pories WJ, Kim YB, Kahn BB, Dohm GL, Houmard JA (2002) Effect of short-term exercise training on insulin-stimulated PI 3-kinase activity in middle-aged men. Am J Physiol Endocrinology Metab 282(1):E147–E153
Zurück zum Zitat Thiebaud D, Jacot E, DeFronzo RA, Maeder E, Jequier E, Felber JP (1982) The effect of graded doses of insulin on total glucose uptake, glucose oxidation, and glucose storage in man. Diabetes 31(11):957–963CrossRefPubMed Thiebaud D, Jacot E, DeFronzo RA, Maeder E, Jequier E, Felber JP (1982) The effect of graded doses of insulin on total glucose uptake, glucose oxidation, and glucose storage in man. Diabetes 31(11):957–963CrossRefPubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Turner N, Kowalski GM, Leslie SJ, Risis S, Yang C, Lee-Young RS, Babb JR, Meikle PJ, Lancaster GI, Henstridge DC, White PJ, Kraegen EW, Marette A, Cooney GJ, Febbraio MA, Bruce CR (2013) Distinct patterns of tissue-specific lipid accumulation during the induction of insulin resistance in mice by high-fat feeding. Diabetologia. doi:10.1007/s00125-013-2913-1 Turner N, Kowalski GM, Leslie SJ, Risis S, Yang C, Lee-Young RS, Babb JR, Meikle PJ, Lancaster GI, Henstridge DC, White PJ, Kraegen EW, Marette A, Cooney GJ, Febbraio MA, Bruce CR (2013) Distinct patterns of tissue-specific lipid accumulation during the induction of insulin resistance in mice by high-fat feeding. Diabetologia. doi:10.​1007/​s00125-013-2913-1
Zurück zum Zitat Vessby B (2000) Dietary fat and insulin action in humans. Br J Nutr 83(Suppl 1):S91–S96PubMed Vessby B (2000) Dietary fat and insulin action in humans. Br J Nutr 83(Suppl 1):S91–S96PubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Vessby B, Uusitupa M, Hermansen K, Riccardi G, Rivellese AA, Tapsell LC, Nalsen C, Berglund L, Louheranta A, Rasmussen BM, Calvert GD, Maffetone A, Pedersen E, Gustafsson IB, Storlien LH, Study K (2001) Substituting dietary saturated for monounsaturated fat impairs insulin sensitivity in healthy men and women: The KANWU Study. Diabetologia 44(3):312–331CrossRefPubMed Vessby B, Uusitupa M, Hermansen K, Riccardi G, Rivellese AA, Tapsell LC, Nalsen C, Berglund L, Louheranta A, Rasmussen BM, Calvert GD, Maffetone A, Pedersen E, Gustafsson IB, Storlien LH, Study K (2001) Substituting dietary saturated for monounsaturated fat impairs insulin sensitivity in healthy men and women: The KANWU Study. Diabetologia 44(3):312–331CrossRefPubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Wang C, Harris WS, Chung M, Lichtenstein AH, Balk EM, Kupelnick B, Jordan HS, Lau J (2006) n-3 Fatty acids from fish or fish-oil supplements, but not alpha-linolenic acid, benefit cardiovascular disease outcomes in primary- and secondary-prevention studies: a systematic review. Am J Clin Nutr 84(1):5–17PubMed Wang C, Harris WS, Chung M, Lichtenstein AH, Balk EM, Kupelnick B, Jordan HS, Lau J (2006) n-3 Fatty acids from fish or fish-oil supplements, but not alpha-linolenic acid, benefit cardiovascular disease outcomes in primary- and secondary-prevention studies: a systematic review. Am J Clin Nutr 84(1):5–17PubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Wojtaszewski JF, Hansen BF, Gade Kiens B, Markuns JF, Goodyear LJ, Richter EA (2000) Insulin signaling and insulin sensitivity after exercise in human skeletal muscle. Diabetes 49(3):325–331CrossRefPubMed Wojtaszewski JF, Hansen BF, Gade Kiens B, Markuns JF, Goodyear LJ, Richter EA (2000) Insulin signaling and insulin sensitivity after exercise in human skeletal muscle. Diabetes 49(3):325–331CrossRefPubMed
Metadaten
Titel
Omega-3 fatty acid supplementation combined with acute aerobic exercise does not alter the improved post-exercise insulin response in normoglycemic, inactive and overweight men
verfasst von
Eric Rivas
Joshua S. Wooten
Daniel E. Newmire
Vic Ben-Ezra
Publikationsdatum
07.05.2016
Verlag
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Erschienen in
European Journal of Applied Physiology / Ausgabe 6/2016
Print ISSN: 1439-6319
Elektronische ISSN: 1439-6327
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-016-3387-x

Weitere Artikel der Ausgabe 6/2016

European Journal of Applied Physiology 6/2016 Zur Ausgabe