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Erschienen in: Der Nervenarzt 6/2018

20.04.2018 | Konservative Therapie | Leitthema

Operative Versorgung degenerativer Erkrankungen der Lendenwirbelsäule

verfasst von: M. Czabanka, C. Thomé, F. Ringel, B. Meyer, S.-O. Eicker, V. Rohde, Prof. Dr. M. Stoffel, P. Vajkoczy

Erschienen in: Der Nervenarzt | Ausgabe 6/2018

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Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund

Degenerative Erkrankungen der Lendenwirbelsäule (LWS) und assoziierte Kreuzschmerzen stellen eine Erkrankung mit übergeordneter epidemiologischer und gesundheitsökonomischer Bedeutung dar. Hierbei wird zwischen spezifischen und unspezifischen Kreuzschmerzen unterschieden. Bei spezifischen Kreuzschmerzen stellen der lumbale Bandscheibenvorfall sowie die Spinalkanalstenose mit/ohne assoziierter Segmentinstabilität die häufigsten Pathologien dar. Diesbezüglich stehen diverse konservative und operative Therapiestrategien zur Behandlung dieser Krankheitsbilder zur Verfügung.

Ziel der Arbeit

Das Ziel ist es, einen Überblick über die aktuelle Datenlage zu ermöglichen und die möglichen Therapieformen evidenzbasiert zu bewerten.

Material und Methoden

Es erfolgte eine ausführliche Literaturrecherche über Medline sowie das Zusammentragen der persönlichen Erfahrungen der Autoren.

Ergebnisse

Konservative und chirurgische Therapien stellen effiziente Behandlungsmöglichkeiten für degenerative Erkrankungen der LWS dar. Die chirurgische Behandlung des lumbalen Bandscheibenvorfalles zeigt leichte Vorteile gegenüber einer konservativen Therapie mit schnellerer Erholung neurologischer Defizite und einer schnelleren Restitution der Schmerzsituation. Die chirurgische Dekompression ist der konservativen Therapie in der Behandlung einer symptomatischen lumbalen Spinalkanalstenose/degenerativen Spondylolisthese überlegen. Konservative Therapiemaßnahmen stellen in diesem Szenario eine wichtige Unterstützung der chirurgischen Behandlung dar, um die Mobilität der Patienten und das Outcome der chirurgischen Behandlung zu verbessern.

Diskussion

Die Behandlung spezifischer Kreuzschmerzen aufgrund der oben genannten degenerativen Pathologien stellt eine interdisziplinäre Herausforderung dar, da es sowohl konservativer als auch chirurgischer Behandlungsstrategien in einem synergistischen Therapiekonzept bedarf, um die besten Ergebnisse für die Patienten zu erzielen.
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Metadaten
Titel
Operative Versorgung degenerativer Erkrankungen der Lendenwirbelsäule
verfasst von
M. Czabanka
C. Thomé
F. Ringel
B. Meyer
S.-O. Eicker
V. Rohde
Prof. Dr. M. Stoffel
P. Vajkoczy
Publikationsdatum
20.04.2018

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