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08.11.2017 | Multiple Sklerose | Übersichten

Optische Kohärenztomographie bei Neuromyelitis optica-Spektrum-Erkrankungen

verfasst von: F. C. Oertel, H. Zimmermann, A. U. Brandt, Prof. Dr. F. Paul

Erschienen in: Der Nervenarzt | Ausgabe 12/2017

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Zusammenfassung

Neuromyelitis optica-Spektrum-Erkrankungen (NMOSD, „neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders“) umfassen schubförmige inflammatorische Erkrankungen des zentralen Nervensystems (ZNS). Mit 55 % ist die Neuritis nervi optici die häufigste Erstmanifestation bei NMOSD und kann zu schweren Schäden des afferenten visuellen Systems und erheblichen, ggf. bleibenden Visuseinschränkungen führen. Die Untersuchung der Netzhaut als Teil des ZNS mittels optischer Kohärenztomographie (OCT) hat sich daher in den letzten Jahren als valides und effizientes Mittel der Diagnostik und Verlaufsbeurteilung in NMOSD durchgesetzt. Außerdem zeigten sich in der OCT nicht nur eine Affektion des afferenten visuellen Systems durch multiple Sehnervenentzündungen, sondern auch NMOSD-spezifische intraretinale Pathologien, die zukünftig differenzialdiagnostisch ebenso von Belang sein könnten wie zur Evaluation möglicher therapeutischer Ansatzpunkte. Dieser Artikel bietet einen Überblick zu den Grundlagen der OCT-Technik und ihrer Bedeutung für die Diagnostik und Verlaufsbeurteilung bei NMOSD.

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Titel: Optische Kohärenztomographie bei Neuromyelitis optica-Spektrum-Erkrankungen
verfasst von: F. C. Oertel
H. Zimmermann
A. U. Brandt
Prof. Dr. F. Paul
Publikationsdatum: 08.11.2017
Verlag: Springer Medizin
Schlagwörter: Multiple Sklerose
Optikusneuritis
Pathologie
Neuromyelitis-optica-Spektrum-Erkrankung
Erschienen in: Der Nervenarzt / Ausgabe 12/2017
Print ISSN: 0028-2804
Elektronische ISSN: 1433-0407
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00115-017-0444-6

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