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Erschienen in: Arthroskopie 2/2003

01.05.2003 | Osteonekrose

Osteonekrose und Ostechondrosis dissecans am Ellbogengelenk

verfasst von: Priv.-Doz. Dr. A. Burkart

Erschienen in: Arthroskopie | Ausgabe 2/2003

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Zusammenfassung

Die Osteonekrose und Osteochondrosis dissecans des Ellbogengelenks sind ähnliche Erkrankungsbilder idiopathischer Genese. Während beim Morbus Panner (Osteonekrose) vorwiegend Knaben im Alter von 6–10 Jahren erkranken, stellt die Osteochondrosis dissecans eine Erkrankung des adoleszenten Jugendlichen dar. Besonders prädisponiert scheinen Sportler mit Ausübung von Wurfsportarten aber auch Gynmnastiksport zu sein. Klinisch imponiert die Erkrankung in uncharakteristischen, meist lateral betonten Ellbogenschmerzen und einer sich entwickelnden Bewegungseinschränkung. Die frühe Diagnosestellung hat sich für den therapeutischen Erfolg als entscheidend erwiesen. Röntgenbilder in a.p.-Projektion bei 45° gebeugtem Ellbogengelenk stellen in der Frühphase eine Abflachung des lateralen Anteils des Capitulum humeri dar. Fortgeschrittenere Stadien sind an dem typischen Aufhellungssaum unter dem Knochenkern zu diagnostizieren. Das MRT hat in der Frühphase der Erkrankung mit einem hypointensen Signal in der T1-Wichtung einen wegweisenden Stellenwert. In weiter fortgeschrittenen Fällen zeigt sich auf T2-gewichteten Bildern eine hohe Signalintensität. In den Frühstadien der Erkrankung sollte eine konservative Therapie von 6 Monaten ausreichen. Operative Therapieverfahren bestehen in der Entfernung freier Gelenkkörper, Anbohrung oder Kürettage des Mausbetts, Spongiosatransplantation, Refixierung der OD sowie in der autologen osteochondralen Zylindertransplantation. Auch Osteotomien im lateralen Epikondylusbereich haben zur Kompressionsreduktion ihren Stellenwert.
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Metadaten
Titel
Osteonekrose und Ostechondrosis dissecans am Ellbogengelenk
verfasst von
Priv.-Doz. Dr. A. Burkart
Publikationsdatum
01.05.2003
Verlag
Springer-Verlag
Erschienen in
Arthroskopie / Ausgabe 2/2003
Print ISSN: 0933-7946
Elektronische ISSN: 1434-3924
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00142-003-0216-0

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