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Erschienen in: Die Orthopädie 10/2022

07.09.2022 | Osteonekrosen | Leitthema

Kurzschaftendoprothesen bei Osteonekrosen

verfasst von: Prof. Dr. F. Thorey, T. Floerkemeier, H. Windhagen

Erschienen in: Die Orthopädie | Ausgabe 10/2022

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Zusammenfassung

Einleitung

Die Hüftkopfnekrose oder avaskuläre Nekrose des Hüftkopfes (HKN) ist eine komplexe Erkrankung, die ohne Behandlung in den meisten Fällen zu einer Infraktion des Femurkopfes führt. In diesen Fällen hilft nur noch ein Ersatz des Hüftgelenkes, wobei es keine eindeutige Empfehlung eines Endoprothesentyps gibt. In den letzten beiden Jahrzehnten hat die Versorgung der primären und sekundären Koxarthrose mit Kurzschaftprothesen mit unterschiedlichen Verankerungsphilosophien zugenommen. Da gerade bei jüngeren Patienten eine Kurzschaftversorgung eine mögliche Option ist, stellt sich die Frage nach möglichen Versorgungen der fortgeschritten HKN mit diesen Schafttypen, insbesondere mit einer metaphysären Verankerung. Ziel dieser Studie war es, die vorhandene Literatur zu den Ergebnissen der Kurzschaftprothese bei HKN zu überprüfen und die Vor- und Nachteile der Kurzschaftprothese bei Osteonekrose des Hüftkopfes darzustellen.

Material und Methoden

Diese Übersichtsarbeit analysiert die vorhandenen Studien zur Kurzschaftversorgung bei HKN.

Ergebnisse

Es existieren nur wenige Studien, die klinische und radiologische Ergebnisse bei einer Kurzschaftversorgung bei HKN analysiert haben.

Schlussfolgerung

Die kurz- bis mittelfristigen Ergebnisse zeigen überwiegend gute Ergebnisse. Aufgrund von Unterschieden im Design der Kurzschäfte und ihrer Fixierung ist es jedoch schwierig, eine allgemeine Schlussfolgerung zu ziehen. Kurzschäfte mit primärer diaphysärer Fixierung weisen kein erhöhtes Risiko einer fehlgeschlagenen Osseointegration oder Lockerung auf. Bei Konstruktionen mit einer primären metaphysären Verankerung sollte eine MRT durchgeführt werden, um auszuschließen, dass die Nekrose über den Schenkelhals hinausragt.
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Metadaten
Titel
Kurzschaftendoprothesen bei Osteonekrosen
verfasst von
Prof. Dr. F. Thorey
T. Floerkemeier
H. Windhagen
Publikationsdatum
07.09.2022
Verlag
Springer Medizin
Erschienen in
Die Orthopädie / Ausgabe 10/2022
Print ISSN: 2731-7145
Elektronische ISSN: 2731-7153
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00132-022-04304-y

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