Background
Methods
Analysis
Statistical analysis
Results
Population
Characteristics | ASIA | Sensory | SEP | MEP | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
# | Sex | Age | Lesion Level | TSI [yrs] | Height [cm] | Weight [kg] | 10mWT [s] | LEMS (50) | LT (56) | PP (56) | POS (4) | VIB (48) | RB (2) | L [ms] | R [ms] | L [ms] | R [ms] |
01 | m | 35 | C2 | 1.16 | 177 | 74.7 | 6.97 | 49 | 34 | 42 | 4 | 40 | 0 | 45 | 45 | 32 | 31 |
02 | m | 68 | C4 | 0.5 | 184 | 99.4 | 8.91 | 47 | 56 | 52 | 3 | 12 | 1 | 42 | 41 | 29 | 29 |
03 | m | 64 | C2 | 11 | 172 | 88.8 | 9.15 | 48 | 40 | 44 | 4 | 12 | 2 | 52 | 52 | 43 | 41 |
04 | m | 29 | C6 | 1.25 | 176 | 63.7 | 17.21 | 42 | 40 | 33 | 4 | 28 | 2 | 41 | 43 | 30 | 31 |
05 | f | 64 | C6 | 4.3 | 166 | 48.5 | 9.27 | 46 | 55 | 52 | 3 | 46 | 1 | 46 | 46 | 34 | 35 |
06 | m | 44 | C2 | 13 | 188 | 96.8 | 10.17 | 47 | 11 | 10 | 3 | 12 | 2 | 55 | 52 | 32 | 33 |
07 | f | 46 | T8 | 0.3 | 171 | 94.8 | 5.78 | 47 | 32 | 20 | 4 | 48 | 0 | 41 | 41 | 29 | 29 |
08 | f | 52 | T9 | 7.25 | 177 | 81.1 | 13.09 | 40 | 52 | 52 | 3 | 28 | 2 | 44 | 47 | 32 | 31 |
09 | m | 68 | C7 | 0.4 | 167 | 58.2 | 6.47 | 49 | 56 | 56 | 4 | 42 | 0 | 45 | 42 | NA | NA |
10 | m | 38 | C6 | 8.25 | 182 | 71.7 | 7.31 | 45 | 30 | 13 | 4 | 34 | 0 | 56 | 54 | 32 | 33 |
11 | m | 48 | C2 | 13.2 | 177 | 77 | 6.82 | 48 | 56 | 56 | 4 | 38 | 1 | 43 | 42 | 29 | 29 |
12 | m | 63 | T9 | 6.1 | 17 | 80 | 17.41 | 43 | 35 | 15 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 53 | 47 | 35 | 32 |
Parameter | Group | 0% BW | 10% BW | 20% BW | 30% BW | 40% BW | 50% BW | Group BWS effect | Simple BWS effect | Group x BWS | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Spatio-temporal | Step Length [mm] | Control | 435 (36) | 438 (43) | 443 (46) |
456 (48)
| 444 (46) |
462 (51)
| F(5,85) = 7.477, p = 0.000 | F(5,130) = 3.066, p = 0.012 | F(5,130) = 3.116, p = 0.011 |
CiSCI | 418 (85) | 431 (76) | 423 (69) | 421 (73) | 416 (79) | 420 (81) | F(5,50) = 0.916, p = 0.478 | ||||
Step Width [mm] | Control | 63 (27) |
59 (25)
|
57 (24)
| 60 (27) | 66 (30) | 70 (31) | F(5,85) = 3.053, p = 0.014 | F(5,130) = 1.756, p = 0.126 | F(5,130) = 2.435, p = 0.038 | |
CiSCI | 100 (28) | 91 (25) | 93 (31) | 84 (25) | 88 (28) | 84 (31) | F(5,50) = 1.491, p = 0.209 | ||||
Step Time [s] | Control | 0.75 (0.06) | 0.75 (0.07) |
0.76 (0.08)
|
0.78 (0.09)
|
0.79 (0.09)
|
0.82 (0.10)
| F(5,85) = 11.342, p = 0.000 | F(5,130) = 6.514, p = 0.000 | F(5,130) = 0.479, p = 0.778 | |
CiSCI | 0.68 (0.09) | 0.71 (0.13) | 0.69 (0.11) | 0.74 (0.10) | 0.78 (0.13) | 0.79 (0.12) | F(5,50) = 1.453, p = 0.222 | ||||
Double Support Phase [%] | Control | 0.29 (0.02) | 0.29 (0.02) |
0.27 (0.03)
|
0.25 (0.03)
|
0.23 (0.03)
|
0.2 (0.05)
| F(5,85) = 49.294, p = 0.000 | F(5,130) = 36.528, p = 0.000 | F(5,130) = 1.354, p = 0.245 | |
CiSCI | 0.33 (0.05) | 0.33 (0.05) | 0.3 (0.04) | 0.3 (0.04) |
0.28 (0.06)
|
0.26 (0.05)
| F(5,50) = 6.805, p = 0.000 | ||||
Speed [km/h] | Control | 2 (0.07) | 2 (0.1) | 2 (0.1) | 2 (0.1) | 2 (0.1) | 2 (0.1) | F(5,85) = 3.431, p = 0.007 | F(5,130) = 11.110, p = 0.000 | F(5,130) = 6.529, p = 0.000 | |
CiSCI | 2.1 (0.2) | 2.1 (0.2) | 2.1 (0.2) | 2 (0.2) | 1.9 (0.2) |
1.9 (0.2)
| F(5,50) = 5.867, p = 0.000 | ||||
Posture | A-P Sway [°] | Control | 23 (5) | 22 (6) |
19 (4)
|
18 (4)
|
16 (4)
|
17 (4)
| F(5,85) = 16.366, p = 0.000 | F(5,130) = 5.353, p = 0.000 | F(5,130) = 2.877, p = 0.017 |
CiSCI | 30 (14) | 29 (14) | 28 (12) | 25 (8) | 26 (8) | 24 (9) | F(5,50) = 0.637, p = 0.673 | ||||
CoM AP motion [mm] | Control | 860 (70) | 870 (83) | 880 (88) |
910 (95)
| 890 (90) |
920 (98)
| F(5,85) = 6.561, p = 0.000 | F(5,130) = 1.786, p = 0.119 | F(5,130) = 4.911, p = 0.000 | |
CiSCI | 820 (130) | 840 (120) | 830 (120) | 840 (120) | 820 (150) | 820 (150) | F(5,50) = 1.471, p = 0.216 | ||||
M-L Sway [°] | Control | 20 (6) | 20 (6) | 22 (6) |
23 (7)
|
24 (5)
|
24 (7)
| F(5,85) = 4.768, p = 0.001 | F(5,130) = 5.333, p = 0.000 | F(5,130) = 1.066, p = 0.382 | |
CiSCI | 27 (11) | 26 (11) | 30 (12) | 27 (9) | 30 (11) | 29 (12) | F(5,50) = 2.173, p = 0.072 | ||||
CoM ML motion [mm] | Control | 43 (9) |
40 (10)
|
39 (10)
| 43 (15) |
37 (9)
|
38 (13)
| F(5,85) = 2.760, p = 0.023 | F(5,130) = 7.016, p = 0.000 | F(5,130) = 1.568, p = 0.173 | |
CiSCI | 57 (12) | 52 (15) |
49 (12)
| 49 (16) |
44 (13)
|
41 (13)
| F(5,50) = 4.601, p = 0.002 | ||||
Single Joint | Hip ROM [°] | Control | 32 (3) | 33 (3) | 32 (3) | 32 (4) |
30 (3)
|
30 (4)
| F(5,85) = 6.397, p = 0.000 | F(5,130) = 3.794, p = 0.003 | F(5,130) = 0.684, p = 0.636 |
CiSCI | 34 (6.6) | 34 (6.8) | 32 (6.4) | 34 (7.6) | 33 (7.4) | 31 (7.2) | F(5,50) = 0.901, p = 0.488 | ||||
Knee ROM [°] | Control | 47 (5) | 47 (5) |
46 (4)
| 47 (5) |
46 (5)
| 46 (5) | F(5,85) = 3.113, p = 0.013 | F(5,130) = 8.920, p = 0.000 | F(5,130) = 1.168, p = 0.328 | |
CiSCI | 50 (9) | 50 (9) | 49 (8) | 48 (10) | 47 (9) |
45 (10)
| F(5,50) = 5.355, p = 0.001 | ||||
Ankle ROM [°] | Control | 22 (4) | 22 (4) | 22 (4) | 23 (4) | 23 (7) |
26 (7)
| F(5,85) = 6.020, p = 0.000 | F(5,130) = 3.774, p = 0.000 | F(5,130) = 1.328, p = 0.256 | |
CiSCI | 20 (5) | 21 (5) | 20 (4) | 24 (10) | 24 (12) | 24 (11) | F(5,50) = 0.853, p = 0.519 | ||||
Intralimb | SSD Hip-Knee [A.U.] | Control | 4.9 (1.9) | 4.9 (1.4) | 5.4 (1.9) |
6.2 (1.7)
|
8.4 (3.1)
|
12 (3.5)
| F(5,85) = 43.405, p = 0.000 | F(5,130) = 20.440, p = 0.000 | F(5,130) = 8.479, p = 0.000 |
CiSCI | 8.3 (3.6) | 8.7 (3.9) | 7.8 (3.5) | 8.7 (3.2) | 9.4 (5.1) | 9.8 (4.9) | F(5,50) = 1.255, p = 0.298 | ||||
SSD Knee-Ankle [A.U.] | Control | 4.5 (1.5) | 4.6 (1.3) | 5.4 (2) |
6.5 (2.1)
|
8.9 (3.8)
|
12 (4.2)
| F(5,85) = 31.107, p = 0.000 | F(5,130) = 16.615, p = 0.000 | F(5,130) = 7.203, p = 0.000 | |
CiSCI | 10 (4.9) | 11 (4.9) | 7.7 (2.7) | 10 (4.5) | 11 (5.2) | 11 (4.9) | F(5,50) = 2.374, p = 0.052 | ||||
ACC Hip-Knee [A.U.] | Control | 0.97 (0.01) | 0.97 (0.01) | 0.97 (0.01) | 0.97 (0.01) |
0.96 (0.02)
|
0.95 (0.02)
| F(5,85) = 8.685, p = 0.000 | F(5,130) = 6.326, p = 0.000 | F(5,130) = 0.292, p = 0.917 | |
CiSCI | 0.96 (0.03) | 0.96 (0.03) | 0.95 (0.03) | 0.95 (0.04) | 0.95 (0.03) | 0.94 (0.03) | F(5,50) = 1.263, p = 0.295 | ||||
ACC Knee-Ankle [A.U.] | Control | 0.95 (0.01) | 0.95 (0.02) |
0.94 (0.02)
|
0.94 (0.02)
|
0.92 (0.03)
|
0.9 (0.04)
| F(5,85) = 14.584, p = 0.000 | F(5,130) = 18.104, p = 0.000 | F(5,130) = 0.345, p = 0.885 | |
CiSCI | 0.93 (0.04) | 0.93 (0.04) | 0.91 (0.04) | 0.91 (0.06) |
0.88 (0.05)
|
0.87 (0.06)
| F(5,50) = 5.742, p = 0.000 |