Pathophysiological basis in the management of myasthenia gravis: a mini review

Myasthenia gravis is an autoimmune disorder characterized by the presence of autoantibodies against the acetylcholine receptor present in the post-synaptic membrane of the neuromuscular junction impairing the muscle contraction and causing the patient suffering from the disorder to develop a myriad of muscular defects ranging from drooping of eyelids, blurred or double vision, shortness of breath, difficulty in swallowing, as well as weakness of limbs and arms. Myasthenia gravis is known as the disease of old men and young women but in contrast to the global scenario, in India, myasthenia gravis was found to be predominant in males with the ratio of 2.70:1. Though the disorder has been studied for centuries, the true reason for disease and its pathophysiology still eludes us. But recent advancement in molecular biology and diagnostic tools has enabled us to identify many targets for pharmacotherapy as well as for early diagnosis. Thus, improving the patient’s morbidity and quality of life. In this article, we are discussing the recent advancements made in diagnosis and therapy of the disease.