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Erschienen in: Der Orthopäde 4/2016

16.03.2016 | Endoprothetik | Leitthema

Patientenspezifische Instrumente und Implantate beim Teilgelenkersatz des Kniegelenkes (ConforMIS iUni, iDuo)

verfasst von: PD Dr. habil. J. Beckmann, A. Steinert, C. Zilkens, A. Zeh, C. Schnurr, M. Schmitt-Sody, M. Gebauer

Erschienen in: Die Orthopädie | Ausgabe 4/2016

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Zusammenfassung

Die Knieendoprothetik ist eine erfolgreiche Standardoperation in der orthopädischen Chirurgie. Etwa 20 % der Patienten sind jedoch mit dem klinischen Ergebnis unzufrieden. Sie haben Schmerzen und erreichen nicht mehr die Aktivität wie vor der Operation. In der Literatur werden als Ursachen u. a. eine ungenaue Passform der Prothesen oder zu wenig anatomisch geformte Implantate und damit verbunden eine zu wenig physiologische Kinematik der Kniegelenke angegeben. Die Reduktion der Anzahl an unzufriedenen Patienten und die Vermeidung der damit verbundenen Revisionen sind ein wichtiges Ziel angesichts des weiter steigenden Bedarfs an künstlichen Kniegelenken. Individuell für den Patienten angefertigte Kniegelenke stellen hier eine äußerst interessante und nahe liegende Alternative zu den herkömmlichen Standardimplantaten dar. Dabei wird erstmalig die Prothese an den individuellen Knochen angepasst, wodurch die ursprüngliche Situation dieser Gelenke bestmöglich wieder hergestellt wird und dabei mehr Strukturen (Knochen, Bänder) erhalten bleiben, bzw. nur das ersetzt wird, was auch tatsächlich durch die Arthrose zerstört wurde. Sie stellen nach Autorenmeinung damit eine optimale und zukunftsweisende Ergänzung zu den bisherigen Implantaten dar. Basierend auf CT-Daten werden über eine virtuelle 3D-Rekonstruktion und dann im 3D-Druckverfahren sowohl patientenindividuelle Prothesen als auch die zur Implantation und exakten Ausrichtung notwendigen Instrumente hergestellt. Das Portfolio umfasst mediale wie laterale unikondyläre sowie mediale und laterale bikompartimentelle Prothesen (ein femorotibiales und femoropatellares Kompartiment) sowie kreuzbanderhaltende und kreuzbandsubstituierende totalendoprothetische Versorgung. Allerdings muss explizit betont werden, dass die bisherigen Literaturberichte spärlich sind und keine Langzeiterfahrungen vorliegen.
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Metadaten
Titel
Patientenspezifische Instrumente und Implantate beim Teilgelenkersatz des Kniegelenkes (ConforMIS iUni, iDuo)
verfasst von
PD Dr. habil. J. Beckmann
A. Steinert
C. Zilkens
A. Zeh
C. Schnurr
M. Schmitt-Sody
M. Gebauer
Publikationsdatum
16.03.2016
Verlag
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Erschienen in
Die Orthopädie / Ausgabe 4/2016
Print ISSN: 2731-7145
Elektronische ISSN: 2731-7153
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00132-016-3237-x

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