Background
Methods
Participants
Measurement
Protective Behavior (0 never, 1 sometimes, 2 usually, 3 always) |
Wore long sleeves/pants to protect against mosquitoes when outside at dawn dusk. |
Stayed indoors at dusk or dawn to avoid mosquitoes. |
Used mosquito repellant when out at dawn or dusk. |
Avoided mosquito-prone areas at dawn or dusk. |
Used bug zappers if outdoors at dawn or dusk. |
Used citronella candles if out at dawn or dusk. |
Wore long sleeves/pants when going outside at dawn or dusk only for a few minutes. |
Used mosquito repellant when going outside at dawn or dusk only for a few minutes. |
Risk Perception (1 strongly disagree, 2 disagree, 3 neutral, 4 agree, 5 strongly agree) |
I do not feel very knowledgeable about the risk of West Nile virus (cognitive) |
I don't have any choice over my exposure to West Nile virus. (cognitive) |
I believe that the risk of West Nile virus is increasing over time. (cognitive) |
The thought of West Nile virus fills me with dread or fear. (affective) |
The thought of West Nile virus makes me feel sad or depressed. (affective) |
The thought of West Nile virus makes me feel anxious or worried. (affective) |
Proximity (1 definitely not, 2 possibly, 3 definitely yes) |
I have seen dead birds in the area that might have carried West Nile virus. |
Have you ever become sick with West Nile virus? |
Has anyone else in your household ever become sick with West Nile virus? |
Do you know of anyone in your neighborhood who has become sick with West Nile? |
Do you know of anyone outside your neighborhood who has become sick w/ WNV? |
Ecology (1 strongly disagree, 2 disagree, 3 neutral, 4 agree, 5 strongly agree) |
I don't think about West Nile very often because I almost never see a mosquito |
It's too dry in this area of Colorado to have a bad mosquito problem. |
My part of town does not have a bad problem with mosquitoes. |
Spraying or other city efforts keep mosquitoes under control in my area. |
Susceptibility (HBM)(1 strongly disagree, 2 disagree, 3 neutral, 4 agree, 5 strongly agree) |
It is likely I will get sick from West Nile virus. |
My chances of getting sick from West Nile virus in the next few years are great. |
I feel I will get sick from West Nile virus sometime during my life. |
Severity (HBM) (1 strongly disagree, 2 disagree, 3 neutral, 4 agree, 5 strongly agree) |
I am not worried because most people who get West Nile virus don't get sick. |
The thought of West Nile virus scares me. |
If I got sick from West Nile virus, the illness would last a long time. |
Benefits (HBM) (1 strongly disagree, 2 disagree, 3 neutral, 4 agree, 5 strongly agree) |
When I avoid mosquitoes I am doing something to take care of myself. |
When I put on repellant I am doing something to take care of myself. |
Avoiding mosquitoes will decrease my chances of getting West Nile virus. |
Putting on repellant will decrease my chances of getting West Nile virus. |
When I avoid mosquitoes I don’t worry as much about West Nile virus. |
When I put on repellant I don’t worry as much about West Nile virus. |
Using mosquito repellant helps me avoid the bother and discomfort of mosquito bites. |
When I use mosquito repellant I set a good example for others. |
When I avoid mosquitoes I set a good example for others. |
Barriers (HBM) (1 strongly disagree, 2 disagree, 3 neutral, 4 agree, 5 strongly agree) |
Avoiding mosquitoes keeps me from doing things I want to do. |
Putting on repellant is embarrassing to me. |
Avoiding mosquitoes will take too much time. |
Putting on repellant will take too much time. |
It is hard to remember to put on repellant. |
Putting on repellant is unpleasant. |
Putting on repellant with DEET is not safe. |
Effective mosquito repellant is expensive. |
Effective mosquito repellant is difficult to find. |
Cues (HBM) (0 none, 1 a little, 2 some, 3 much, 4 very much) |
How much information did you see or hear this summer about West Nile virus from these sources: |
Newspapers, TV, Radio, Mail, Web, Family, Friends, Doctors |
Data analysis
Results
M | SD | α | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1. Protect | 7.6 | 4.2 | .73 | .30** | -.14** | .31** | .34** | .30** | -.12* | .30** | .16** | .15** |
2. Benefit | 35.1 | 4.83 | .82 | 1 | -.21** | .11* | .14** | .25** | -.21** | .18** | .15** | .04 |
3. Barriers | 22.36 | 5.86 | .82 | 1 | -.03 | .06 | -.02 | .25** | .16** | -.10 | .17** | |
4. Cues | 7.35 | 4.81 | .76 | 1 | .30** | .19** | -.04 | .20** | .12* | .22** | ||
5. Suscept | 8.83 | 2.60 | .81 | 1 | .48** | .06 | .41** | .29** | .29** | |||
6. Severity | 10.46 | 2.33 | .78 | 1 | -.01 | .51** | .34** | .17** | ||||
7. Risk Cognitive | 5.16 | 1.66 | .45 | 1 | .16** | -.19** | -.10 | |||||
8. Risk Affect | 7.85 | 2.92 | .88 | 1 | .32** | .14** | ||||||
9. Risk Ecology | 8.58 | 3.01 | .75 | 1 | .24** | |||||||
10. Risk Proximity | 7.46 | 1.99 | .55 | 1 |
Model | IVs | B | SE | β |
t
|
p
| ΔR2 |
F
(df1,2)
|
p
|
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | age | .04 | .01 | .15 | 2.95 | >.01 | |||
sex a | -1.21 | .43 | -.14 | -2.82 | >.01 | .03 | 5.9(2,381) | >.01 | |
2 | age | .05 | .01 | .19 | 3.67 | >.001 | |||
sex | -1.16 | .42 | -.13 | -2.72 | >.01 | ||||
ecology | .15 | .07 | .11 | 2.10 | >.05 | ||||
proximity | .31 | .10 | .15 | 2.97 | >.01 | .05 | 9.3(2,379) | >.001 | |
3 | age | .04 | .01 | .14 | 2.76 | >.01 | |||
sex | -.71 | .42 | -.08 | -1.68 | .093 | ||||
ecology | .01 | .07 | .01 | 0.13 | .890 | ||||
proximity | .25 | .10 | .12 | 2.38 | >.05 | ||||
risk cog. | -.41 | .17 | -.16 | -3.21 | >.001 | ||||
risk affect | .36 | .07 | .25 | 4.63 | >.001 | .07 | 14.9(2,377) | >.001 | |
4 | age | .03 | .01 | .13 | 2.76 | >.01 | |||
sex | -.74 | .39 | -.09 | -1.88 | .060 | ||||
ecology | .05 | .07 | .04 | 0.68 | .491 | ||||
proximity | .12 | .10 | .06 | 1.20 | .231 | ||||
risk cog. | -.23 | .12 | -.09 | -1.89 | .058 | ||||
risk affect | .18 | .08 | .13 | 2.19 | >.05 | ||||
suscept | .28 | .08 | .18 | 3.24 | >.001 | ||||
severity | .07 | .10 | .04 | 0.74 | .458 | ||||
benefit | .15 | .04 | .18 | 3.75 | >.001 | ||||
barriers | -.06 | .03 | -.09 | -1.75 | .081 | ||||
cues | .16 | .04 | .18 | 3.74 | >.001 | .14 | 14.5(5,372) | >.001 | |
.28 | 13.3(11,372) | >.001 | |||||||
Stepwise (forced entry of Ethnicity) | |||||||||
1 | age | .04 | .01 | .15 | 3.27 | >.01 | |||
risk affect | .16 | .07 | .12 | 2.27 | >.05 | ||||
risk cog. | -.27 | .12 | -.11 | -2.37 | >.05 | ||||
suscept | .31 | .08 | .19 | 3.90 | >.001 | ||||
benefit | .17 | .04 | .20 | 4.30 | >.001 | ||||
cues | .17 | .04 | .19 | 4.09 | >.001 | .27 | 18.3(8,375) | >.001 | |
2 | ethnicity b | 1.04 | .52 | .10 | 1.99 | >.05 | .01 | 4.0(1,375) | >.05 |
.28 | 18.3(8,375) | >.001 |