Background
Methods
Results
Variable | No. of subjects (%) |
---|---|
Age, years, mean (SD) | 56.87 (7.92) |
Male sex, n (%) | 51,844 (49.2%) |
Body mass index, kg/m2, mean (SD) | 27.36 (4.73) |
Diuretic use, n (%) | 8939 (8.5%) |
Waist circumference/height ratio, mean (SD) | 0.536 (0.075) |
Self-report of gout diagnosis, n (%) | 2066 (2.0%) |
Hospital diagnosis of gout, n (%) | 382 (0.36%) |
Allopurinol use, n (%) | 1651 (1.7%) |
Sulphinpyrazone use, n (%) | 9 (0.01%) |
Colchicine use, n (%) | 63 (0.06%) |
Febuxostat use, n (%) | 0 (0%) |
Definition | No. of subjects, prevalence (95% CI) in entire study population (n = 105,421) | No. of subjects, prevalence (95% CI) in male participants (n = 51,844) | No. of subjects, prevalence (95% CI) in female participants (n = 53,577) | Percentage (95% CI) of study population with gout using any definition (n = 2432) |
---|---|---|---|---|
Self-report of gout diagnosis
| 2066, 1.96% (1.88–2.05) | 1921, 3.70% (3.55–3.87) | 145, 0.27% (0.23–0.32) | 84.95% (83.49–86.33) |
ULT use
| 1652, 1.57% (1.49–1.64) | 1529, 2.95% (2.81–3.10) | 123, 0.23% (0.19–0.27) | 67.93% (66.05–69.75) |
Hospital diagnosis
| 382, 0.36% (0.33–0.40) | 346, 3.29% (3.14–3.45) | 36, 0.07% (0.05–0.09) | 15.71% (14.32–17.21) |
Winnard definition [5]a
| 1861, 1.76% (1.69–1.85) | 1707, 3.29% (3.14–3.45) | 154, 0.29% (0.25–0.34) | 76.52% (74.80–78.16) |
Self-report of gout or ULT use
| 2295, 2.18% (2.09–2.27) | 2122, 4.09% (3.93–4.27) | 173, 0.32% (0.28–0.37) | 94.37% (93.38–95.22) |
A1 | A2 |
Self-report (n = 2066) |
ULT use (n = 1652) |
Hospital diagnosis (n = 382) |
Self-report of gout or ULT use (n = 2295) | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Loci replicated by Köttgen | |||||||
Rs2231142 (ABCG2) | T | G | 2.10 [2.10–2.45], 2.38 × 10−92
| 2.29 [2.10–2.50], 4.22 × 10−77
| 2.10 [1.76–2.52], 3.57 × 10−16
| 2.18 [2.00–2.37], 4.47 × 10−74
| 2.22 [2.06–2.40], 1.93 × 10−95
|
Rs12498742 (SLC2A9) | A | G | 1.80 [1.65–1.97], 6.14 × 10−39
| 1.81 [1.64–2.00], 4.75 × 10−32
| 1.75 [1.43–2.14], 4.12 × 10−8
| 1.79 [1.63–1.97], 8.22 × 10−35
| 1.81 [1.67–1.97], 1.00 × 10−43
|
Rs1260326 (GCKR) | T | C | 1.31 [1.23–1.40], 2.22 × 10−17
| 1.26 [1.18–1.36], 9.30 × 10−11
| 1.33 [1.15–1.53], 0.00010 | 1.26 [1.18–1.35], 6.47 × 10−12
| 1.28 [1.21–1.36], 4.63 × 10−16
|
Rs1165151 (SLC17A3) | T | G | 0.83 [0.78–0.88], 5.36 × 10−9
| 0.83 [0.77–0.89], 1.47 × 10−7
| 0.94 [0.81–1.08], 0.38 | 0.83 [0.77–0.89], 4.43 × 10−8
| 0.82 [0.77–0.87], 7.87 × 10−11
|
Rs478607 (SLC22A12) | A | G | 0.79 [0.73–0.86], 2.32 × 10−8
| 0.78 [0.71–0.85], 5.42 × 10−8
| 0.87 [0.71–1.05], 0.14 | 0.79 [0.73–0.87], 2.18 × 10−7
| 0.79 [0.73–0.85], 2.00 × 10−9
|
Rs1471633 (PDZK1) | A | C | 1.18 [1.11–1.26], 2.60 × 10−7
| 1.19 [1.10–1.28], 2.25 × 10−6
| 1.05 [0.91–1.21], 0.50 | 1.18 [1.10–1.26], 1.54 × 10−6
| 1.17 [1.11–1.25], 1.86 × 10−7
|
Rs3741414 (INHBE) | A | G | 0.83 [0.76–0.89], 9.86 × 10−7
| 0.83 [0.76–0.91], 2.38 × 10−5
| 0.80 [0.67–0.95], 0.013 | 0.844 [0.78–0.92], 3.96 × 10−5
| 0.84 [0.78–0.90], 2.81 × 10−6
|
Rs1171614 (SLC16A9) | T | C | 0.82 [0.76–0.89], 1.11 × 10−6
| 0.86 [0.79–0.94], 0.00053 | 0.88 [0.74–1.05], 0.15 | 0.87 [0.81–0.95], 0.0012 | 0.84 [0.78–0.91], 4.78 × 10−6
|
Rs2078267 (SLC22A11) | T | C | 0.87 [0.82–0.93], 1.61 × 10−5
| 0.86 [0.80–0.92], 1.86 × 10−5
| 0.85 [0.74–0.98], 0.026 | 0.87 [0.81–0.93], 1.97 × 10−5
| 0.86 [0.81–0.91], 5.18 × 10−7
|
Rs675209 (RREB1) | T | C | 1.10 [1.03–1.18], 0.0056 | 1.10 [1.02–1.19], 0.017 | 0.98 [0.83–1.15], 0.80 | 1.09 [1.01–1.17], 0.024 | 1.09 [1.02–1.17], 0.0078 |
Loci reported by Köttgen | |||||||
Rs11264341 (PKLR) | T | C | 0.88 [0.83–0.94], 0.00013 | 0.89 [0.83–0.96], 0.0018 | 0.93 [0.81–1.08], 0.35 | 0.89 [0.83–0.95], 0.0004 | 0.87 [0.82–0.93], 1.18 × 10−5
|
Rs17050272 (INHBB) | A | G | 1.00 [0.94–1.07], 0.98 | 0.98 [0.91–1.05], 0.51 | 1.13 [0.97–1.30], 0.11 | 1.00 [0.93–1.07], 0.96 | 1.00 [0.94–1.06], 0.90 |
Rs2307394 (ACVR2A) | T | C | 0.97 [0.91–1.04], 0.40 | 1.00 [0.92–1.08], 0.96 | 0.96 [0.82–1.12], 0.57 | 0.97 [0.91–1.05], 0.47 | 0.97 [0.91–1.04], 0.39 |
Rs6770152 (MUSTN1) | T | G | 0.91 [0.85–0.97], 0.0042 | 0.93 [0.86–1.00], 0.04 | 0.93 [0.80–1.07], 0.31 | 0.92 [0.86–0.98], 0.015 | 0.91 [0.85–0.96], 0.0015 |
Rs17632159 (TMEM171) | C | G | 0.91 [0.85–0.98], 0.010 | 0.91 [0.84–0.99], 0.025 | 0.92 [0.79–1.08], 0.32 | 0.92 [0.85–0.99], 0.025 | 0.91 [0.85–0.97], 0.0064 |
Rs729761 (VEGFA) | T | G | 0.95 [0.89–1.02], 0.19 | 0.93 [0.86–1.01], 0.079 | 1.04 [0.88–1.22], 0.67 | 0.94 [0.87–1.01], 0.10 | 0.96 [0.89–1.03], 0.21 |
Rs1178977 (MLXIPL) | A | G | 1.19 [1.10–1.30], 3.49 × 10−5
| 1.14 [1.04–1.25], 0.0066 | 1.02 [0.85–1.22], 0.81 | 1.15 [1.05–1.25], 0.0020 | 1.18 [1.09–1.28], 3.79 × 10−5
|
Rs10480300 (PRKAG2) | T | C | 1.08 [1.01–1.16], 0.026 | 1.09 [1.01–1.18], 0.032 | 1.05 [0.89–1.23], 0.57 | 1.06 [0.99–1.14], 0.119 | 1.08 [1.01–1.15], 0.028 |
Rs17786744 (STC1) | A | G | 0.98 [0.92–1.05], 0.53 | 1.01 [0.94–1.08], 0.86 | 0.95 [0.82–0.10], 0.49 | 0.99 [0.93–1.06], 0.82 | 1.00 [0.94–1.06], 0.99 |
Rs2941484 (HNF4G) | T | C | 1.07 [1.00–1.14], 0.037 | 1.09 [1.01–1.17], 0.023 | 0.91 [0.78–1.06], 0.22 | 1.08 [1.00–1.15], 0.040 | 1.07 [1.01–1.14], 0.029 |
Rs10821905 (ASAH2) | A | G | 1.12 [1.04–1.22], 0.0049 | 1.08 [0.99–1.18], 0.10 | 0.97 [0.80–1.17], 0.73 | 1.09 [1.00–1.19], 0.051 | 1.11 [1.03–1.20], 0.0080 |
Rs642803 (LTBP3) | T | C | 0.92 [0.86–0.98], 0.011 | 0.92 [0.85–0.98], 0.016 | 0.90 [0.78–1.04], 0.16 | 0.90 [0.84–0.96], 0.0025 | 0.92 [0.87–0.89], 0.0090 |
Rs653178 (PTPN11) | T | C | 0.89 [0.83–0.94], 0.00015 | 0.87 [0.81–0.93], 0.00012 | 0.92 [0.79–1.06], 0.24 | 0.89 [0.83–0.95], 0.00061 | 0.88 [0.83–0.93], 3.11 × 10−5
|
Rs1394125 (NRG4) | A | G | 1.08 [1.01–1.15], 0.026 | 1.05 [0.98–1.30], 0.19 | 1.11 [0.96–1.29], 0.17 | 1.07 [0.99–1.14], 0.074 | 1.07 [1.01–1.14], 0.027 |
Rs6598541 (IGF1R) | A | G | 1.07 [1.00–1.40], 0.059 | 1.01 [0.94–1.09], 0.78 | 0.98 [0.84–1.14], 0.75 | 1.02 [0.95–1.10], 0.55 | 1.05 [0.99–1.12], 0.12 |
Rs7193778 (NFAT5) | T | C | 0.90 [0.83–0.98], 0.021 | 0.96 [0.87–1.06], 0.43 | 0.88 [0.72–1.07], 0.19 | 0.95 [0.86–1.04], 0.25 | 0.90 [0.83–0.97], 0.0087 |
Rs7188445 (MAF) | A | G | 0.99 [0.93–1.06], 0.87 | 1.01 [0.94–1.09], 0.82 | 0.96 [0.82–1.11], 0.56 | 1.00 [0.93–1.07], 0.95 | 1.00 [0.94–1.06], 0.94 |
Rs7224610 (HLF) | A | C | 0.93 [0.87–0.99], 0.022 | 0.92 [0.85–0.99], 0.022 | 0.95 [0.82–1.10], 0.51 | 0.94 [0.87–1.00], 0.058 | 0.92 [0.86–0.98], 0.0061 |
Rs2079742 (C17ORF82) | T | C | 1.07 [0.97–1.17], 0.18 | 1.09 [0.97–1.21], 0.14 | 1.07 [0.86–1.33], 0.54 | 1.08 [0.98–1.20], 0.13 | 1.06 [0.97–1.16], 0.23 |
Rs164009 (PRPSAP1) | A | G | 1.03 [0.96–1.09], 0.45 | 1.01 [0.94–1.09], 0.83 | 1.06 [0.91–1.23], 0.45 | 1.01 [0.94–1.08], 0.80 | 1.02 [0.96–1.09], 0.47 |
Number of loci associated with gout at genome wide significance | 5 | 3 | 2 | 4 | 5 | ||
Number of loci associated with gout at experiment wide significance | 12 | 10 | 3 | 11 | 13 |